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    Drug For Acute Organophosphate Poisoning

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    Drug For Acute Organophosphate Poisoning

    Uploaded by

    Poke Shibu
    4 views11 pages
    Mbbs

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    drug for acute Organophosphate poisoning

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    Mbbs

    Copyright:

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    4 views11 pages

    Drug For Acute Organophosphate Poisoning

    Uploaded by

    Poke Shibu
    Mbbs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    DRUG THERAPY OF ACUTE

    ORGANOPHOSPHATE
    POISONING

    Prepared by:- JYOTI KUMARI (52)


    KASHISH (53)
    KHUSHI GUPTA (54)
    INTRODUCTION
    • Organophosphates (OPs) are
    anticholinesterases which are a group of
    chemicals primarily used in pesticides,
    insecticides, and nerve agents.

    • Common Sources:
    • - Agricultural pesticides
    • - Household insecticides
    • - Industrial chemicals
    • -Suicidal and homicidal poisoning
    MECHANISM OF ACTION

    • Pathophysiology:
    • - Organophosphates inhibit
    acetylcholinesterase (AChE), leading
    to accumulation of acetylcholine.
    • - Excess acetylcholine overstimulates
    muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
    • - Results in cholinergic crisis
    (overstimulation of the
    parasympathetic nervous system).
    CLINICAL PRESENTATION

    • Symptoms of OP poisoning: Muscarinic,


    Nicotinic, and central actions
    • - Muscarinic Effects: Salivation,
    lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, GI upset,
    emesis (SLUDGE).
    • - Nicotinic Effects: Muscle fasciculations,
    cramps, respiratory depression
    (paralysis).
    • - CNS Effects: Anxiety, tremor, ataxia,
    confusion, seizures, coma, death.
    DIAGNOSIS
    • Clinical Suspicion: Based on history
    of exposure, presenting symptoms.

    • Laboratory Tests:
    • - Blood cholinesterase levels
    (decreased in OP poisoning).
    • - Red blood cell acetylcholinesterase
    levels as a confirmatory test.
    MANAGEMENT
    • Immediate Measures:
    • - Termination of further exposure.
    • - Decontamination (remove clothes, wash
    skin and mucous membrane with soap and
    water), gastric lavage a/c to need

    • Pharmacologic Therapy:
    • - Atropine: Competitive antagonist at
    muscarinic receptors; relieves muscarinic
    symptoms.
    • - Pralidoxime (2-PAM): Reactivates
    acetylcholinesterase if administered early.
    DOSAGE AND
    ADMINISTRATION
    • Atropine:
    • - 2mg i.v. repeated every 10 min till dryness of
    mouth or other signs of atropinization appear
    ( upto 200mg administered in a day)

    • Pralidoxime (2-PAM)
    • - I.V. slowly in a dose of 1-2g (children 20-40
    mg/kg)

    • Supportive Care:
    • - Oxygen, ventilation, fluids as needed.
    COMPLICATIONS AND
    PROGNOSIS
    • Potential Complications:
    • - Respiratory failure
    • - Muscle weakness and paralysis
    • - Long-term neurological deficits

    • Prognosis: Depends on promptness


    of treatment and severity of
    exposure.
    PREVENTION
    • Preventive Measures:
    • - Proper handling and use of
    pesticides.
    • - Use of protective equipment while
    spraying pesticides or insecticides.
    • - Awareness and education in high-
    risk areas.
    SUMMARY
    • Key Points:
    • - Organophosphate poisoning results
    from inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
    • - Rapid identification and treatment are
    critical.
    • - Main treatments: Atropine and
    Pralidoxime.
    • - Prevention is essential in agricultural
    and industrial settings.
    THANKYOU !!

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