Aishu Nitrogen

The Nitrogen Cycle
Aishwarya
9b
1. INTRODUCTION
2. WHAT ARE NITROGEN AND ITS
IMPORTANCE
3. INORGANIC AND ORGANIC
NITROGEN
4. NITROGEN FIXATION
5. NITRIFICATION
agenda 6. ASSIMILATION
7. AMMONIFICATION
8. DENTRIFICATION
9. HUMAN IMPACT
10. NITROGEN CYCLE DIAGRAM
11. CONCLUTION
12. QUIZ
introduction
The nitrogen cycle is like a recycling process in nature that helps plants and animals get
the nitrogen they need to survive. Nitrogen is an essential element that makes up a big
part of the air we breathe. It's also a crucial ingredient for living things.
In this cycle, nitrogen goes through different stages. First, nitrogen gas in the air is turned
into compounds by special bacteria in the soil. These compounds are used by plants to
grow. Animals then eat the plants, getting the nitrogen they need.
When plants and animals die, or when waste is produced, other bacteria break down the
nitrogen compounds, turning them back into nitrogen gas that goes back into the air. This
cycle keeps going, making sure there's always enough nitrogen for everyone in the
natural world.
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what are
nitrogen and its
importance?
Nitrogen and its importance for living
organisms
Nitrogen is a key element in the nucleic acid DNA and RNA, which are the most
important of all biological molecules and crucial for all living things. DNA carries
the genetic information, which means the instructions for how to make up a life
form. When plants do not get enough nitrogen, they are unable to produce
amino acids (substances that contain nitrogen and hydrogen and make up many
of living cells, muscles and tissue). Without amino acids, plants cannot make the
special proteins that the plant cells need to grow. Without enough nitrogen,
plant growth is affected negatively. With too much nitrogen, plants produce
excess organic matter, such as stalks and leaves, but not enough root structure.
In extreme cases, plants with very high levels of nitrogen absorbed from soils
can
2023 poison farm animals that eat thempresentation title 5
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC NITROGEN
Organic nitrogen refers to nitrogen compounds that are found in living organisms
or were once part of a living organism. These compounds include things like
amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Inorganic nitrogen, on the other hand,
refers to nitrogen compounds that are not found in living organisms. These
compounds include things like nitrates, nitrites, and ammonium ions.
Ammonium
Organic nitrogen –
Nitrite
Nitrate
Nitrous oxide
Nitric oxide
Inorganic nitrogen – Nitrogen gas

Nitrogen fixation
In this stage, nitrogen moves from the atmosphere into the soil. Earth’s atmosphere contains
a huge pool of nitrogen gas (N2). But this nitrogen is “unavailable” to plants, because the
gaseous form cannot be used directly by plants without undergoing a transformation. To be
used by plants, the N2 must be transformed through a process called nitrogen fixation.
Fixation converts nitrogen in the atmosphere into forms that plants can absorb through their
root systems. Most nitrogen fixation occurs naturally, in the soil, by bacteria. Some bacteria
attach to plant roots and have a symbiotic (beneficial for both the plant and the bacteria)
relationship with the plant . The bacteria get energy through photosynthesis, and, in return,
they fix nitrogen into a form the plant needs.

Nitrification
Nitrification also occurs in soils. During nitrification, the
ammonia in the soils, produced during the nitrogen
fixation, is converted into compounds called nitrites, NO2−,
and nitrates, NO3−. Nitrates can be used by plants and

animals that consume the plants. Some bacteria in the soil
can turn ammonia into nitrites. Although nitrite is not
usable by plants and animals directly, other bacteria can
change nitrites into nitrates—a form that is usable by
plants and animals. This reaction provides energy for the
Assimilation
Assimilation is the process by which inorganic nitrogen
compounds are used to form organic nitrogen compounds
such as amino acids, amides, etc. Plants and other
organisms, which cannot utilize nitrogen molecules directly,
depend on the absorption of nitrogen as nitrates or
ammonia. It produces protein, amino acids and nucleic acid.

Ammonification
When an organism excretes waste or dies, the nitrogen in its
tissues is in the form of organic nitrogen (e.g., amino acids,
DNA). Various fungi and prokaryotes then decompose the
tissue and release inorganic nitrogen back into the ecosystem
as ammonia. This is ammonification.
Denitrification
Denitrification is the conversion of soil

nitrate to the nitrogen gases N2O and
N2 by a diverse array of bacteria that

use nitrate as a terminal electron
acceptor in the absence of oxygen.

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thank you
Aishwarya

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The Nitrogen Cycle

2023 the nitrogen cycle 3

Inorganic nitrogen – Nitrogen gas

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and nitrates, NO3−. Nitrates can be used by plants and

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Denitrification is the conversion of soil

N2 by a diverse array of bacteria that

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o Envision multimedia- o Pursue scalable o Cultivate one-to-one

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