Family Clupeidae

FAMILY
CLUPEIDAE
LUPEIDAE
• Family of clupeiform ray-finned fishes (herrings,
sardines, and shads )
• Many members of the family have a body
protected with shiny cycloid (very smooth and
uniform) scales, a single dorsal fin, and a
fusiform body for quick, evasive swimming and
pursuit of prey composed of
small planktonic animals.
• Mostly marine prey fish, few species are found
in fresh water.
• No species has scales on the head, and some
are entirely scaleless.
• The lateral line is short or absent, and the teeth
are unusually small where they are present at
all.
BIOLOG
• Clupeids spawn huge numbers of eggs (up to
Y
200,000 in some species) near the surface of
the water.
• Larvae live among the plankton until they
develop a swim bladder and transform into
adults.
• Adults typically live in large shoals, seeking
protection from carnivorous predators such as
birds, sharks and other predatory fish,
toothed whales, marine mammals, and
jellyfish.
ECOLOGY
• Clupeids are typically marine, coastal, and
schooling fishes found in all seas.
• Some species tolerate low salinities,
sometimes entering fresh water to feed,
undergoing regular migrations up rivers to
spawn, and some species may live
permanently in fresh water.
• Many species feed on small planktonic animals
(mainly crustaceans).
GENERA OF
CLUPEIDAE
Amblyglaste Anodontostom Clupanodon
r a
Dussumieri Escualosa Herklotsichthy Hilsa

a s
Nematalosa Sardinella Spratelloides Tenualosa

Amblygast
er
• genus of small, pelagic fish in the family
Clupeidae.
• has a median series of pre-dorsal scales
• maximum length of 23cm
• large eyes and deep body shape Amblygaster clupeoides
• has only three species EN: Bleeker’s smoothbelly
sardinella
• no spots along flanks
Amblygaster leoigaster
Amblygaster
sirm
EN: smoothbelly sardinella EN: Spotted sardinella
• without spots along • lateral series of bluish gold
flanks spots
Anodontostom
• distinctive feature: lack of teeth on the
vomer a (upper jawbone)
• known for their ability to tolerate low salinity
levels
• maximum length of 18cm Anodontostoma chacunda
• last dorsal-fin ray normal, not filamentous EN: Chacunda gizzard shad
• large black spot behind gill
opening
Anodontostoma Anodontostoma thailandiae

selangkat
EN: Indonesian gizzard shad EN: Thai gizzard shad
• longitudinal streaks along • large dark bloth on shoulder
flanks posterior
Clupanodon
• dark spot behind gill opening, followed by

further spots on flank
• Clupanodon thrissa is the only species in
the genus
Clupanodon thrissa
• presumably tolerating brackish water
EN: Chinese gizzard
shad
Dussumieria
• rainbow sardine, also known as

common sprat, dwarf round herring,
rainbow herring, and sharpnosed Dussumieria
sprat. acuta
EN: Slender rainbow
• is a bony fish important to sardine
aquaculture and commercial fisheri
es
Dussumieria
elopsoides
EN: Rainbow
sardine
Escualosa
• white sardine is a species of sardine

(family Clupeidae) in the genus
Escualosa
Escualosa.
elongata
EN: Slender white sardine
• Escualosa species are important food
• narrow bright silver stripe along
fish in Southeast Asia flanks
• They have a unique, elongated body
shape
Escualosa
thoracata
EN: White sardine
• broad, bright silver stripe along
flanks
Herklotsichthys
• Body moderately deep, depth 30% to
38% of standard length or greater
• they have a distinctive naked belly
Herklotsichthys castelnaui
• maximum length of 14cm EN: Catelnau’s herring
• no spots on flanks, caudal tip
black
Herklotsichthys dispilonotus
EN: Blacksaddle herring Herklotsichthys koningsbergeri Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatos
• dark saddle-like blotches on EN: Koningsbergeri’s herring EN: Bluestripe herring
• oval black spots on the flank • no series of dark spots along
dorsal
flanks
Hilsa
• a species of shad, in tropical waters in

the Bay of Bengal, India
• Hilsa kelee is currently considered the
only species in the genus
• called the kelee shad, distinguished by
Hilsa kelee
having fivespot EN: Kelee shad
• can grow up to 25cm • a black spot behind gill cover,
usually followed by up to 10 spots along flank.
Nematalosa
• a medium-sized marine gizzard shad
• body oval, becoming deeper in larger
fish
Nematalosa nasus
Nematalosa cope Nematalosa erebi
EN: Bloch’s gizzard shad
EN: Western pacific gizzard shad EN: Austalian river gizzard
• flanks silvery without
• a dark spot behind the gill shad
spots
opening • no prominent dark spot
Sardinella
• genus of small, oily fish in the family
Clupeidae
• has two series of pre-dorsal scales
• small size, up to 23cm
Sardinella albella
• rich in omega-3 fatty acids and protein EN: White sardine
Sardinella lemuru Sardinella gibbosa

EN: Bali sardine EN: Gloldstripe Sardinella frimbriata
sardine EN: Fringescale
sardine
Sardinella
brachysoma
EN: Deepbody
sardine
Spratelloides
• by the silver band on the flanks which fades anteriorly (at about tips of
pectoral fins)
• usually an inshore schooling species
• used as bait in the tuna fishery
• maximum standard length of 9cm
Spratelloides delicatulus Spratelloides gracilis

EN: Delicate round herring EN: Silver stripe round herring
• no bright silver bands along • bright silver bands along the
flank entire flank
Tenualosa
• a distinct median notch in upper jaw
• gill rakers fine but not numerous, 60 to 100 on lower part of arch.
• a dark diffuse mark behind gill opening, but no other spots on
flank.
Tenualosa macrura Tenualosa toli

EN: Longtail shad EN: Toli shad
• no series of block spots • dark blotch behind gill
Commercial Fishes in the
Philippines
Scientific Name
Tagalog Name
English Name
Amblygaster sirm Spotted sardine

Tamban
Escualosa thoracata White sardine
Herklotsichthys dispilonotus Blacksaddle herring

Dilat
Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatos Bluestripe herring

Dilat
Commercial Fishes in the
Scientific Name English Name
Philippines
Tagalog Name
Sardinella albella White sardinella
Tunsoy
Sardinella frimbriata Fringescale sardinella

Tunsoy
Sardinella gibbosa Goldstrip sardinella

Tunsoy
Sardinella lemuru Bali sardinella

Tunsoy
Sardinella tawilis Freshwater sardine

Tawilis
DISTRIBUTION
Indo-West Pacific from Phuket, Thailand, southern coasts of Java and Bali
to Western Australia, north to the Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan Province
of China, and possibly southern Japan.
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Sardines (Clupeidae) make up a substantial proportion of the fish catch
across the Philippines and consequently are the most accessible source of
animal protein for millions of Filipinos. Further, this fishery is an economic
engine providing thousands of jobs and generating revenue at the
individual, municipal, and national levels.
ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE
Ecologically, sardines are basally positioned in a food web that supports
pelagic tuna and mackerel, as well as numerous sea birds and marine
mammals. Philippine sardine biodiversity is among the highest in the world
and includes the only known freshwater sardine species.
THAN
K

Family Clupeidae

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FAMILY

Dussumieri Escualosa Herklotsichthy Hilsa

Nematalosa Sardinella Spratelloides Tenualosa

Anodontostoma Anodontostoma thailandiae

• dark spot behind gill opening, followed by

• rainbow sardine, also known as

• white sardine is a species of sardine

• a species of shad, in tropical waters in

Sardinella lemuru Sardinella gibbosa

Spratelloides delicatulus Spratelloides gracilis

Tenualosa macrura Tenualosa toli

Amblygaster sirm Spotted sardine

Escualosa thoracata White sardine

Herklotsichthys dispilonotus Blacksaddle herring

Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatos Bluestripe herring

Sardinella frimbriata Fringescale sardinella

Sardinella gibbosa Goldstrip sardinella

Sardinella lemuru Bali sardinella

Sardinella tawilis Freshwater sardine

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