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    Ch5 Computer Software

    Uploaded by

    Israa M Alqatow

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Ch5 Computer Software

    Uploaded by

    Israa M Alqatow
    6 views20 pages

    Original Title

    Ch5 Computer Software

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views20 pages

    Ch5 Computer Software

    Uploaded by

    Israa M Alqatow

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Chapter 5

    Computer Software – System


    Software & Application Software
    Dr. Khalid S. Rabayah

    1
    Outline
     Introduction

     The System Software


     Application Software

    2
    Objectives

    Study the different kinds of computer software.


    Explain the different functions of an operating system.
    Be familiar with the most widely used operating systems.

    3
    System, application and programming
    software
     System software helps run the computer hardware
    and computer system. It includes operating systems,
    device drivers, diagnostic tools, servers, windowing
    systems(GUI) , utilities (Anti-Virus) and more.
     Application software allows a user to accomplish one
    or more specific tasks. Typical applications include
    office suites, business software, educational
    software, databases and computer games.
     Programming software usually provides some useful
    tools to help programmer to write computer
    programs and software using different programming
    language in a more convenient way. The tools
    include text editor, compiler, interpreter, linker,
    debugger, and so on.
    4
    Software classification

    shell is the interface that allows the kernel is the core of the operating
    users to communicate with the system that controls all the tasks5
    Application Software
     Application software makes computer popular
    and easy to use
     Common application software:
     Microsoft Word, WordPerfect
     PowerPoint
     Netscape, Internet Explorer
     Photoshop, Photo-Paint
     Quick Time
     Dreamweaver
    …

    6
    System software: Operating System

    Users Application programs

    Operating system

    hardware

    Definition : An operating system is a


    collection of programs that manages the
    activities of the computer system.

    7
    Computer Software Relationships

    User Interface Application Programs

    User Interface Operating System

    User Basic Input and Output Services (BIOS)


    Interface • needed for a computer to boot up

    Computer Hardware
    8
    ifferences Among Operating Systems

    Command line
    interfaces/ graphical
    user interfaces

    Personal/network
    operating systems

    Multiple
    processors/shared
    CPU to speed up
    processing
    9
    Common Operating Systems for Desktop PCs and Servers-2
    Windows: a series of graphical interface operating systems
    developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.
    Mac OS : is an icon-oriented operating system, and used with
    Apple Macintosh computers.
    Unix: PC and server operating system,
    • Not built around any one particular family of
    microprocessors,
    • Variety of computers-from mainframes to PCs.
    • Command-line operating system, newer versions use a
    GUI.
    Linux: Linux is a version of Unix originally created in 1991.
    • Open-source software
    • Traditionally a command-line operating system, some
    versions now use a GUI.

    10
    Functions of the operating systems
     Boot up (start up) the computer and configure
    devices
     Schedule programs for execution

     Coordinate the execution of programs

     Interface with users

     Manage system resources and jobs

     Monitor activities such as terminating programs

    that perform illegal operations


     Keeping track of free disk space and memory

     Perform several computer security procedures

    11
    Processing Techniques for Increased Efficiency
     Multitasking, the computer
    can work on several programs
    or tasks concurrently.
    [edit one document while another program
    is running]
     Multiprocessing: use of two

    or more CPUs, linked together,


    to perform work on different
    programs at one time.

     Parallel processing where


    multiple CPUs work on one job
    at the same time

    12
    Batch processing

    13
    Time-sharing principle:

    active programs in the system that need


    processing, giving each one a small slice of
    time on each cycle.

    14
    Operating System
    Components
     Shell: Communicates with users
    ◦ Text based
    ◦ Graphical user interface (GUI)
     Kernel: Performs basic required functions

    ◦ File manager
    ◦ Device drivers
    ◦ Memory manager
    ◦ Scheduler and dispatcher .. Sec#3

    15
    The shell as an interface
    between users and the
    operating system

    16
    File Manager
     Directory (or
    Folder): A user-
    created bundle of
    files and other
    directories
    (subdirectories)
     Directory Path: A

    sequence of
    directories within
    directories
    17
    Memory Manager – Additional
    OS Tasks
     Allocates space in main memory
     May create the illusion that the

    machine has more memory than it


    actually does (virtual memory) by
    playing a “shell game” in which
    blocks of data (pages) are shifted
    back and forth between main
    memory and mass storage

    18
    Getting it Started
    (Bootstrapping)
     Bootstrap: Program in ROM
    ◦Run by the CPU when power is
    turned on
    ◦Transfers operating system from
    mass storage to main memory
    ◦Runs operating system

    19
    The booting process

    20

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