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    2-1the Electric and Magnetic Fields Together

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    Jerson Villanueva

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    2-1the Electric and Magnetic Fields Together

    Uploaded by

    Jerson Villanueva
    46 views29 pages

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    2-1The Electric and Magnetic Fields Together

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    46 views29 pages

    2-1the Electric and Magnetic Fields Together

    Uploaded by

    Jerson Villanueva

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

    • Compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies


    and energies of the different regions of the
    electromagnetic spectrum.
    The Electric and Magnetic Fields Together

    • Accelerating electrons produce electromagnetic


    waves
    • As accelerated electrons produce an electric field of a
    wave, the varying electric field produces the wave’s
    magnetic field.
    • A changing magnetic field produces an electric field
    and a changing electric field produces a magnetic
    field.
    • Both the electric field and the magnetic field oscillate
    perpendicular to each other and to the direction of
    the propagating wave.
    • All ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES can travel through a medium
    but unlike other types of waves, they can also travel in
    vacuum.
    • They travel in vacuum at a speed of 3X108 m/s and denoted
    as c, the speed of light. The wave speed, frequency, and
    wavelength are related by the following equation:

    = wave speed or c (speed of light)


    = wavelength expressed in m (meters)
    = frequency expressed in Hz (Hertz)
    • all the EM waves have the same speed and that is equal to
    the speed of light
    • as wavelength decreases, the frequency of the wave
    increases.
    • Through the years, the advancement on the knowledge
    about electromagnetic waves led us to a modern
    technological world.
    Example Problems:
    (Assume that the waves propagate in a vacuum.)
    1. What is the frequency of radio waves with wavelength of 20 m?
    𝑣
    Given: = 3x108 m/s Solution: 𝑓 = Phrase:
    𝝀 Waves with a wavelength of 20 m
    λ= 20 m
    3 X 108 m / s is 1.5 x 10 7 Hertz
    Required: = ? 𝑓=
    20 m
    Analysis:
    3 X 10 8 m / s
    𝑓= 1
    2 x 10 m
    𝝀𝝀 8
    3 X 10 m / s
    𝑓=
    𝑣 2 x 10 1 m
    𝑓=
    𝝀 1.5 x 10 7 Hertz
    2. What is the frequency of light waves with wavelength
    of 5 X 10-7 m?
    𝑣
    Given: = 3x10 m/s
    8 Solution: 𝑓 = Phrase: The frequency of light wave
    𝝀 With a wavelength of 5 X 10-7 m
    λ= 5 x 10 m
    -7

    3 X 108 m / s Is 6 x 10 14 Hertz.
    Required: = ? 𝑓=
    5 X 10 −7 m
    Analysis:𝒗= 𝝀 𝒇 8
    3 X 10 m / s
    𝑓=
    𝝀 𝝀 5 X 10 −7 m

    𝑣 6 x 10 14 Hertz
    𝑓=
    𝝀
    ASSIGNMENT (NOTEBOOK)
    • Suppose an EM wave has a wavelength of 4.5 x10-3 m.
    What is the frequency of this kind of wave?
    Check your understanding! Are
    these statements true? If not,
    correct them.
    1. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy through vacuum. TRUE
    2. A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy. TRUE
    3. Most EM waves are invisible and undetectable. FALSE
    Most EM waves are invisible and detectable
    The Electromagnetic Spectrum
    • The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of electromagnetic
    waves arranged according to frequency and wavelength.
    • It is a gradual progression from the waves of lowest frequencies to
    the waves of highest frequencies.
    • According to increasing frequency, the EM spectrum includes: radio
    waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and
    gamma rays.
    • These waves do not have exact dividing region.
    • The different types of electromagnetic waves are defined by the
    amount of energy carried by/possessed by the photons.
    • Photons are bundles of wave energy.
    • The energy of a photon is given by the equation:
    E=hf
    h = Planck’s Constant (6.63 x 10-34 J/s)
    f = frequency of the EM wave.

    • From among the EM waves, the gamma rays have photons of high
    energies while radio waves have photons with the lowest energies.
    • With regards to wavelength, radio waves can be likened to the size of
    a football field while gamma rays are as small as the nuclei of an
    atom.
    QUIZ
    (15 items)
    1. Which two waves lie at the ends of
    the visible spectrum?
    A. Infrared and Ultra-violet rays
    B. Radio waves and Microwaves
    C. Radio waves and X-rays
    D. X-rays and Gamma rays
    2. In the visible spectrum, which color
    has the longest wavelength?
    A. Blue
    B. Green
    C. Red
    D. Violet
    3. Which property spells the difference
    between infra-red and ultra-violet
    radiation?
    A. Color
    B. Speed in vacuum
    C. Wavelength
    D. None of the above
    4. A certain radio station broadcasts at
    a frequency of 675 kHz. What is
    the wavelength of the radio waves?
    A. 280 m
    B. 324 m
    C. 400 m
    D. 444 m
    5. Which has the longest wavelength
    in the electromagnetic spectrum?
    A. Microwaves
    B. Infrared
    C. Radio Waves
    D. Bluetooth
    6. Which of the following provides the
    correct comparison of the wavelength λ of
    X rays (A), Visible Light (B), and Radio
    Waves (C)?
    A. λA < λB < λC
    B. λA > λB > λC
    C. λA < λB > λC
    D. λA = λB < λC
    7. Which of the following provides the
    correct comparison of the energy E of X
    rays (A), Visible Light (B), and Radio Waves
    (C)?
    A. EA > EB > EC
    B. EA < EB < EC
    C. EA < EB > EC
    D. EA = EB = EC
    8. Which of the following provides the
    correct comparison of the frequency f of X
    rays (A), Visible Light (B), and Radio Waves
    (C)?
    A. fA > fB > fC
    B. fA < fB < fC
    C. fA < fB > fC
    D. fA = fB < fC
    9. Which has the shortest
    wavelength among the EM waves
    listed below?
    A. Microwaves
    B. Radio Waves
    C. Gamma Rays
    D. X - rays
    10. Which among the colors of
    light has the longest wavelength?
    A. Green light
    B. Blue light
    C. Red light
    D. Indigo light
    11. Which type of electromagnetic
    wave cannot be detected by the
    human eye?
    A. Gamma rays
    B. White Light
    C. Green Light
    D. Visible Light
    12. Which of the EM waves
    below has the highest frequency?
    A. Violet Light
    B. Radio Waves
    C. UV Rays
    D. Red Light
    13. Which electromagnetic wave
    carries more energy than the others?
    A. Microwaves
    B. Radio Waves
    C. UV Radiation
    D. Visible Light
    14. Which of the following light
    has the shortest wavelength?
    A. Green light
    B. Blue light
    C. Yellow light
    D. Indigo light
    15. Which of the following provides the
    correct comparison of the speed v of X
    rays (A), Yellow Light (B), and Violet Waves
    (C) in a vacuum?
    A. vA > vB = vC
    B. vA = vB = vC
    C. vA > vB > vC
    D. vA < vB < vC

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