Introduction to

Science, Technology &

Society
MS. MARJORIE J. RUZOL
Instructor
Objectives
At the end of this discussion, we must be able to answer the
following questions:
1. How we define Science, Technology and Society?
2. How do Science, Technology and Society interact with
each other or how they are related?
3. What is Science, Technology and Society (STS)?
4. What are the historical antecedents that changed the
course of Science and Technology on the:
a. World (ancient, middle and modern ages)
b. Philippines?
 1. How we
define…
Scienc Technolog Society
e y
 Science
Came from the Latin word
“Scientia” – which means
knowledge.
A system of acquiring knowledge
based on the Scientific
Method.
As a process used to solve
problems or develop an
understanding of nature that
involves testing possible answer.
 Science
An organized, systematic and methodical
activity of building and organizing knowledge
about how the universe behaves through
observation, experimentation or both..
As a discovery of regularity in nature,
enough for natural phenomena to be
described by principles and laws.
Tries to discover facts and relationship and
then tries to create theories that makes
sense of the facts and relationships.
Comes
Technolog
from Greek root word
y
“techne”, meaning “art, skill, or
cunning of hand”.
It is the application of scientific
knowledge, laws and principles to
produce services, materials, tools
and machines aimed at solving
real-world problems.
 Technolog
It refers to methods, systems, and

y
devices which are the result of
scientific knowledge being used for
practical purposes.
The human attempt to change the
world … by creating products that
make our life easier.
Came
Society
from the Latin word
“societas” which means “a friendly
association with others”.
A large group of people who live
together in an organized way,
making decisions about how to do
things and sharing the work that
needs to be done.
 1. How we
define…
Scienc Technolog Society
•
e
Process
y • Applicatio • Group of
people who
of n of
uses
acquiring Scientific technology
Scientific Knowledge and who are
Knowled for People studying
Science
ge
 2. How do they interact?
Explores for the
purpose of
KNOWING

Explores Explores for the

SCIENCE & purpose of
TECHNOLOGY making
something
for a better life
USEFUL from
that knowledge
 2. How do they interact?
 Engineers focus on using
science to develop products.
 Without technology, some
science experiments would not
be possible.
 Without science, technology
could not proceed.
 Scienc
e BETTER
WORLD
Technolog Societ
y y
Is it important
to study
Science,
Technology &
Society (STS)?
Why?
3. What is Science, Technology &
Society (STS)?
Science, Technology & Society
(STS)
- is a relatively young field that
combines previously independent
and older disciplines, such as
History of Science, Philosophy
of Science, and Sociology of
Science, Technology & Society
(STS)
- Applies methods drawn from history,
philosophy and sociology to study the nature
of science and technology and ultimately
judge their value and place in society.
- Seeks to bridge to gap between two
traditionally exclusive culture – humanities
and natural sciences – so that human will
be able to better confront the moral,
ethical, and existential dilemmas brought
by the continued developments in science
Science, Technology & Society
(STS)
-is the study of how
social political and
cultural values
affect scientific
research and
technological
innovation, and how
these in turn affect
4. What are the historical antecedents
that changed the course of Science &
Technology?
Historical Antecedents
of Science and
Technology

Ancient Middle Ages Modern Ages

ANTECEDENTS
• It is defined as a precursor to the unfolding or
existence of something.
• Antecedents in science and technology are
factors that paved way for the presence of
advance and sophisticated scientific and
technological innovations today.
• We can use the historical developments of
science and technology to come up with
proper decisions and applications of
science and technology to daily live.
ANCIENT PERIOD
• Ancient civilization paved the way for advances in
science and technology.
• These advances during the ancient period allowed
civilizations to flourish by finding better ways of
communication, transportation, self-organization
and ways of living.
ANCIENT WHEEL
• People from
ancient
civilization
used animals
as means of
transportation.
ANCIENT WHEEL
Potter’s Wheel Ancient Wheel
 ANCIENT PAPER
• Around 300 B.C., the
ancient Egyptians began
writing on s papyrus.
• It is made up from a pit of
plant called Cyperus
papyrus.
• Before the intervention of
papyrus, writing and
record-keeping is done on
ANCIENT SHADOOF
• A tool invented and used
by ancient Egyptians to
irrigate land.
• It is a hand-operated
device used for lifting
water.
• Its invention introduce the
idea of lifting things using
counterweights.
 ANTIKYTHERA
• Discovered in 1902 and
MECHANISM
retrieved from the waters of
Antikythera, Greece.
• The world’s oldest known
Mechanical Computer
created by Greek.
• It is a mechanism similar to a
clock for it has a circular face
and rotating hands.
• It is believed that his
mechanism is used to predict
ANTIKYTHERA
MECHANISM
AEOLIPILE
• It is also know as the
Heron’s engine.
• It is the world’s first
steam engine which
spins as the water
container at its center is
heated.
• At first, it doesn’t served
any practical purpose. It is
believed to be one of the
MIDDLE AGES
• The major advances in scientific and technology
development took place in this period.
• These advancement include constant increase of
new inventions, innovations in traditional
production and the emergence of scientific
thinking and method.
HEAVY PLOUGH
“The heavy plough turned
European agriculture and
economy on its head. These
fields with heavy, fatty soil
became those that gave yields.”
-Prof. Thomas Andersen

- Because of the invention of

heavy plough, Northern Europe
saw rapid economic prosperity.
PAPER MONEY
- Paper money was first used
by Chinese in 17 century.
th

- Before the introduction of

paper money, merchants and
traders used precious metals
such as gold and silver.
- They realized that using
paper money brought
advantages because it is
MECHANICAL
• The development of
CLOCK mechanical clock helped
the people in accurately
keeping the track of time.
• The sophistication of
clockwork technology
drastically changed the
way of spending the day
and work patterns were
SPINNING WHEEL
• A machine used to transform
fiber into thread or yarn and
eventually woven into cloth.
• It is theorized that the Indians
are the one invented the
spinning wheel between 6 th

and 11th century.

• It speed up the rate of
manually spinning fiber by 10
to 100 times.
MODERN AGES
• Historical period when people realized the
importance of the efficiency of transportation,
communication and production.
• Industrialization took place but with greater risk
on human health, food safety and environment,
TELESCOPE
• Invented by Galileo
Galilei that can
magnify 20 times
larger than a regular
glasses.
• This is used to
discover important
astronomical features
JACQUARD LOOM
• Built by French weaver
Joseph Marie Jacquard
which simplifies textile
manufacturing.
• Prior to this invention, a
drawloom is used which
required two persons to
operate.
ENGINE-POWERED
AIRPLAINE • Invented by Orville
Wright and Wilbur Wright.
• They demonstrated that
slightly tilted wings are
the key features of flying
aircraft.
 FIRST
• The first stationary gasoline
AUTOMOBILE
engine developed by Carl
Benz was a one-cylinder
two-stroke unit which ran
for the first time on New
Year’s eve 1879.
• A lightweight car powered
by a gasoline engine, in
which the chassis and
TELEVISION
• Invented by Scottish
engineer John Logie Baird
in 1920s.
• British Broadcasting
Corporation used this for
its earliest television
programming in 1929.
• This first television in
 20 Century
th

Inventions by
Filipino Scientists
VIDEOPHONE
MOLE REMOVER
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