Unit Two: Promoting family

planning services

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 Communicating with influential community
representatives and voluntaries
• Information Education Communication (IEC) combines
strategies, approaches, and methods that enable individuals,
families, groups, organizations, and communities to play an
active role in achieving, protecting, and sustaining their own
health.
• Embodied in IEC is the process of learning that empowers
people to make decisions, modify behaviors, and change
social conditions.

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 ICE/BCC
 Behavioral change communication (BCC) is:
– The process of educating, persuading and disseminating
information to people to positively influence their
behavioral pattern and enable them to take actions that
will enhance their reproductive health status.
• The aims of the IEC /BCC in family planning are
 To increase awareness and use of family planning /child
spacing methods and other relevant reproductive health
services
 Promote client-provider interaction

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 ICE/BCC…
In IEC/BCC the contents should include:
 Benefits to the mother, child, family, community and to the
world,
 Where services are available,
 Characteristics of methods
 Client's rights: information, access to quality service, choice,
safety, privacy, confidentiality, dignity, comfort, continuity,
opinion
 Related sexuality and reproductive health (SRH) issues –
STDs/HIV, pregnancy, parenthood, reproductive organ cancers,
infertility
 Dispelling rumors and misconceptions

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 ICE/BCC…
Male involvement
 Improve communication between couples regarding
fertility and FP
 FP services should address the specific needs of
men
 Males shall be provided with information that
enable them to responsibly participate in FP use
 Males shall be encouraged to accompany their
partners in FP visits.
 Men shall be encouraged and helped to develop
responsible adulthood and parenthood and play an
important role in preventing unwanted pregnancy
and STIs.
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 Components of FP services…Other services

 Screening for reproductive organ cancers

 Screening and treatment of sexually transmitted
infections including HIV
 Prevention and management of infertility
 Integration of other services with FP
– Voluntary counseling and testing
– Education, screening and treatment of STIs
– Delivery and postnatal care
– Child health, immunization and other RH services

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 Advantages of Family planning methods
For women
• Avoiding too early and too late
pregnancies
• Limiting the number of pregnancies:
• Avoid unwanted and high risk
pregnancies
• Preventing abortion
• Reduce morbidity and mortality
For Children
– Avoid morbidity and mortality
– Better feeding, Care, Clothing,
Schooling
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 Advantages of FP…
For Family
– Improves family well-being
– Better food, clothing, housing, living
For Nations
– Better Economic development
• People's economic situation move faster in countries where
women have fewer children.
– Less unproductive force
• FP reduces youth dependency ratio
For World/Earth
– Low demands on natural resources
– Better opportunity for better life
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 Sharing responsibility in choosing a birth control method
• Sharing responsibility is in the interest of both
partners
– Can enhance relationship trust
– Can be a good way to practice
discussing personal & sexual topics
– Women respect men who share
responsibility and often resent
men who do not.
– Men shouldn’t assume that a
woman is “taking care of it”
• How to share responsibility
– Have communication before intercourse
– Read & discuss options together
– Attend a clinic together
– Share expenses

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 Communicating with influential community
representatives and voluntaries…

• The Government of Ethiopia has initiated an

innovative strategy; the health Development
army (HDA), which aims to foster community
ownership.
• The health development army provides the
platform to promote family planning (FP) and
reproductive health (RH) in the community.

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 Communicating with influential community
representatives and voluntaries…
• Partners working on FP and RH should work
with HEW’s and the primary health care unit
staff to improve the knowledge of health
development team leaders.
• Furthermore, FP and RH issues should be
recognized as priorities and be discussed on
regular basis during community dialogues at
the health development teams.

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 Undertaking community mobilization

• Community mobilization a capacity-building

process through which individuals, groups, or
organizations plan, carry out, and evaluate
activities on a participatory and sustained
basis to improve their health and other needs,
either on their own initiative or stimulated by
others

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 Undertaking community mobilization…

• Community mobilization is the process of

engaging communities to identify community
priorities, resources, needs and solutions in
such a way as to promote representative
participation, good governance, accountability
and peaceful change.

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 Undertaking community mobilization…
• The community should be made aware of the
overall benefits and availability of FP services.
• FP programs and services, including IEC/BCC
activities, should respect the customs and
traditions of the community.

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 Undertaking community mobilization…
• Community involvement is key to dispelling
rumors and misconceptions, and thereby
developing ownership of FP programs by the
community for successful and sustainable
outcome.

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 Undertaking community mobilization…
Challenges of Community Participation
• Less control
• Time and cost
• Differing priorities
• Stakeholders disagree
• Community skills and capacity
• Selection of community participants may be biased
• Contraceptive insecurity
• Need to plan for sustainability from beginning
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 Implementing and sustaining family planning practice
promotion and education

Social and Behavioral Change (SBC) for FP

• Social and Behavioral change combines strategies,
approaches, and methods that enable individuals,
families, groups, organizations, and communities to
play an active role in achieving, protecting, and
sustaining their own health.
• Accordingly, individual, community, organizational
and socio economic level strategies are
recommended to increase awareness and demand
for family planning services.
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 Resource Mapping
• Resource mapping is a method of showing
information regarding the occurrence,
distribution, access to and use of resources;
topography; human settlements; and activities
of a community from the perspective of
community members.

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 Resource Mapping…
Resource mapping is used to:
• Identifying and examining relationships
between a community’s resources,
topography, settlements, and activities
• Enabling people to picture resources and
features and to show graphically the
significance attached to them
• Identifying problems, possibilities, and
opportunities
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 Resource Mapping…
Resource mapping tell you:
• How people within a community view their
environment
• Community members' analysis of the natural
resources found in their community and how
they are used

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 Resource Mapping…
• Key elements of resource mapping are local
perceptions of resources and territories.
• To make resource mapping it takes 1.5 to 2 hours
and no need supporting software

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 Resource Mapping…
• A community resource map is usually spatially
limited to the social, cultural, and economic
domains of the local analysts who produce it
so for larger geographical areas (such as a
protected area or national park) and areas
with several different administrations,
producing a sufficient number of community
specific sketch maps might be politically
unrealistic.
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 YO U ! !
T H A N K

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