21st Century Literature (Week 5)

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Literary Reading through a

Biographical Context
• There are reasons to read literature through the
biographical context (Gioia and Kennedy 2007):

● Understanding the author’s life can help you


understand his or her work thoroughly.

● Reading the author’s biography or


autobiography helps you see how much his
experiences shape his or her work directly and
indirectly.
Biography
- comes from the Greek words
bios, which means life, and graphia, which
means writing;
- a detailed account or narrative
of a person written by someone else
Autobiography
- although it is also a narrative
of a person, this is written instead by the
person himself or herself.
1. Defining the Key Terms:

•Literary Reading: This involves interpreting


and analyzing literature, focusing on elements
such as themes, characters, and narrative
structures.
• Biographical Context: This refers to
the background of the author,
including their life experiences,
personal beliefs, historical period, and
social environment, and how these
factors influence their writing.
2. The Role of Biographical Context
in Literary Analysis
Author’s Life and Experiences:
Understanding the author’s personal
experiences can provide insights into their
work.
For example, knowing that an author lived
through a war can add depth to their
depiction of conflict in a story.
•Historical and Cultural Influences: The time period and
cultural environment in which an author wrote can shape their
perspectives and themes.
For instance, reading a novel from the post-colonial era might
offer a richer understanding of the themes of identity and
power dynamics.

•Personal Beliefs and Values: An author’s philosophical or


ideological beliefs can influence their writing style and thematic
focus. Knowing about an author's political stance or religious
views might explain the presence of certain themes or
character motivations in their work.
3. Enhancing Text’s Meaning
Example of Biographical Influence: Consider the case
of Virginia Woolf and her work “Mrs. Dalloway.” Woolf’s
own struggles with mental health and her experiences
with societal expectations for women enrich the reader’s
understanding of the novel’s exploration of mental illness
and social constraints.
Historical Context: Reading about the Harlem
Renaissance can deepen the appreciation of works by
Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston, as the
historical struggle for racial equality and artistic
expression is central to their themes and literary style.
4. Enriching the Reader’s
Understanding:
Interpreting Symbolism and Themes: Knowing about
an author’s background can help decode symbols and
themes that might otherwise be opaque.
For example, knowing about Franz Kafka’s struggles with
his family and societal pressures can illuminate the themes
of alienation and existential dread in his works.
Character Development: Biographical context helps in
understanding character motivations and behaviors. For
instance, understanding the personal challenges faced by
F. Scott Fitzgerald during the Jazz Age adds layers to the
characters in “The Great Gatsby.”
5. Practical Application:
•Researching Author Background: Students can research authors’ lives,
historical periods, and cultural contexts to gain a more nuanced understanding
of literary texts. This involves exploring biographies, historical accounts, and literary
critiques.

•Connecting Themes: Encourage students to draw connections between


the author’s experiences and the themes within their works.

For example, how does knowing about an author’s personal conflicts


enhance the interpretation of a character’s struggles in the text?

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