Lesson 1.2 - Heart and Bloodvessels

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CIRCULATOR

Y SYSTEM
How fast does your
heart beats?
Activity Number of
heart beat in
1 minute
Sitting still

30 jumping jacks

Standing still
Look at the
results? ----
When did
your heart
beat the
When did fastest?
it beat
the
slowest?
HEART
The heart is a muscular organ
that pumps blood.

In human, the heart is


approximately the size of a
closed fist and is located
between the lungs, in the
middle compartment of
the chest.
PARTS OF THE HEART
The heart has four chambers which
are subdivided into two atria and two
ventricles:
Atria
a.Left Atrium – receives blood from
the pulmonary circulation.
b.Right Atrium – receives blood from
the vena cava of the systemic
circulation.
Pulmonary circulation - begins with
deoxygenated blood returned from the
body to the right atrium of
the heart where it is pumped out from
the right ventricle to the lungs. In the
lungs the blood is oxygenated and
returned to the left atrium to complete
the circuit.

Systemic circulation - delivers


oxygenated blood from the left
heart to the rest of the body through
the aorta.
Ventricles
a.Left Ventricle – has
thicker walls than the right
because it needs to pump
blood to most of the body.

b.Right Ventricle – pumps


blood to the lungs.
The heart also have four valves

1.Tricuspid Valve
2.Pulmonary Valve
3.Bicuspid/mitral Valve
4.Aortic Valve
1.Tricuspid valve
It's located between the right lower
heart chamber (right ventricle) and the
right upper heart chamber (right atrium).
The tricuspid valve opens and closes to
ensure that blood flows in the correct
direction. It's also called the right
atrioventricular valve.

2. Pulmonary valve
It's between the lower right heart
chamber (right ventricle) and the artery
that delivers blood to the lungs
(pulmonary artery).
3. Mitral Valve
It keeps your blood moving in the right
direction. A leaky valve doesn't close
the way it should, allowing some blood
to flow backward into the left atrium.

4. Aortic Valve
It connects the left side of your heart
with your aorta. Your aorta is the large
artery that carries oxygen-rich blood to
your body. Your aortic valve controls
blood flow into your aorta and keeps
blood moving in one direction.
BLOOD VESSELS
In order for the blood to
travel in the body, blood
vessels are needed.
These are composed of
different types called
arteries, veins, and
capillaries.
ARTERIES
These are blood vessels that
carry oxygenated blood away
from the heart.

They have thicker walls than the


veins. When they are branched
into smaller vessels, they are
called arterioles.
VEINS
These are blood vessels that
carry deoxygenated blood to the
heart.

The small branches of veins are


called venules. The veins have
valve inside them to prevent the
backflow of blood.
CAPILLARIES
These are the smallest
blood vessels that
connect arteries and
veins. They also facilitate
gas exchange between
blood and tissues.
Blood
Flow
through
the Body
The Respiratory and Circulatory
systems working together

The circulatory system transports blood and


other materials. It carries essential supplies
to the cells and extracts their wastes. The
organization of the blood vessels in the
circulatory system also keeps oxygen-poor
blood from mixing with oxygen-rich blood.
While in respiratory system, gas exchange
takes place.
The Respiratory and Circulatory
systems working together

• The lungs of the respiratory system


are the only place in your body
where gases in the blood are
exchanged with gases from the
atmosphere.
• The respiratory and circulatory
systems work closely together to
maintain homeostasis in the face of

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