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    Basic Concepts of MIS

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    She Sharma

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    Basic Concepts of MIS

    Uploaded by

    She Sharma
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    10 views18 pages

    Basic Concepts of MIS

    Uploaded by

    She Sharma

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Basic Concepts of

    MIS
    Introduction
    In this study session, you be looking at the basic
    concepts of MIS. You will begin by explaining what is
    meant by management. Moving on, you will discuss data
    and information. Under which you will examine the
    characteristics and values of information. Furthermore,
    you will discuss information as an aid to decision
    making. As such, you will highlight the four stages of
    decision making. Lastly, you will take a look at system
    and make attempt at defining MIS.
    Learning Outcomes
    When you have studied this session, you should be able to:
    a. define management.
    b. discuss data and information.
    c. describe information as an aid to decision making.
    d. define a system.
    Terminology
    • Deviation - the action of departing from an
    established course or accepted standard.
    • MIS Management information system, or MIS, broadly
    refers to a computer-based system that provides
    managers with the tools to organize, evaluate and
    efficiently manage departments within an
    organization.
    Management
    Management has been defined in process or activities
    that describe what managers do in the operation for their
    organization plan, organize, initiate and control operations.
    They plan by setting strategies and goals and selecting the
    best course of action to achieve the goals. They organize
    the necessary tasks for the operational plan, set these
    tasks up into homogenous groups and assign authority
    delegation; they control the performance standards and
    avoiding deviation from standard. (Chetan, 2015).
    Decision-making is a fundamental
    prerequisite of each of the foregoing processes.
    The job of MIS is to facilitate decisions necessary
    for planning, organizing and controlling the work
    and functions of the business so that specified
    goals of business are achieved.
    Data and Information
    Data refers to raw, unevaluated facts, figures,
    symbols, objects, events, etc. Data may be a collection
    of facts lying in storage, like a telephone directory or
    census records.
    Information is a processed data i.e. it is data that
    have been put into a meaningful and useful context
    and communicated to a recipient who uses it to make
    decisions.
    Computers have made the processing function much
    easier. Large quantities of data can be processed quickly
    through computers aiding in the conversion of data to
    information. Raw data enter the system and are
    transformed into the system's output, that is, information
    to support managers in their decision making. Figure 1.1
    shows how data can be transformed to information while
    Figure 1.2 shows data as the input that undergoes a
    process to give the output which is our information.
    Characteristics of Information
    INTRODUCTION TO
    SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND
    DESIGN
    Introduction
    Systems are created to solve problems. One
    can think of the sys tems approach as an
    organized way of dealing with a problem. In this
    dynamic world, the subject System Analysis and
    Design (SAD), mainly deals with the software
    development activities.
    Defining a System
    A collection of components that work together to realize some
    objectives forms a system.
    System Life Cycle
    System life cycle is an organizational
    process of developing and maintaining
    systems. It helps in establishing a system
    project plan, be cause it gives overall list
    of processes and sub-processes required
    for developing a system
    System development life cycle means
    combination of various activities. In other words
    we can say that various activities put together are
    referred as system development life cycle. In the
    System Analysis and Design terminology, the
    system development life cycle also means
    software development life cycle.
    Following are the different phases of
    system development life cycle:
    • Preliminary study
    • Feasibility study
    • Detailed system study
    • System analysis
    • System design
    • Coding
    • Testing
    • Implementation
    • Maintenance

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