CAREGIVER COURSE

FOR PEGASUS
SCHOOLS EKET
Presented by:
Trn. UBONG JONAH, fcicn;cpa;a.fian;rdrt;ndrt
 WOUND CARE
What is wound care?
The art or science of dressing a wound to see it to
healing
TYPES OF WOUND
1. Fresh wound (with or without embedded objects)
2. Old wounds
KINDS OF WOUND
1. Abrasion
2. Incised wound
3. Lacerated wound
4. Punctured wound
5. Gun shot
STEPS TO CARE FOR
WOUND
For Fresh wou,nd: LOOK, PRESSURE AND ELEVATE,
TAKE TO HOSPITAL
For old wounds: OPEN OR UNWRAP, CLEAN, DRESS
AGAIN, RECORD OBSERVATION
 CHOKING
This is generally referred to as obstruction of the
airway.
 CAUSES OF
CHOKING
1. Derailment of substances like : food, liquids, etc from the
oesophagus into the trachea
2. Swallowing of food moscel that is bigger than the food path
3.Swallowing food or meat that has not been properly masticated
4 . Swallowing bones alongside food
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
CHOKING
1. Give 5 back slaps in-between the scapular
2. Give 5 abdominal thrusts
NOTE: You must watch out for the moment the Casualty may
pass into unconsciousness. If he stops breathing, commence
CPR
 FAINTING
This is a condition that may arise as a result of a
reduction in the supply of oxygen to the brain cells. It
may also be caused low sugar in the blood.
 SIGNS AND
SYMPTOMS OF
FAINTING
1. The Casualty gasps for breath
2. Bubbles of sweats on the forehead
3. Weakness and dizziness
4. Shallow breath and fast pulse rate
5.Nausea and vomiting
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
FAINTING
1. Place the Casualty in Recovery Position
2. Ensure that there's sufficient ventilation
3. Disperse the crowd
4. Reassure the Casualty
5 . Arrange for evacuation to the Hospital
 RECOVERY
POSITION
This is a position that enhances a quick recovery or
resuscitation of a Casualty while secondary help is
being awaited.
 WHO SHOULD BE
KEPT IN RECOVERY
POSITION?
A Casualty that is weak or unconscious but is still
breathing.
 3 THINGS TO ENSURE
WHEN A CASUALTY IS KEPT
IN RECOVERY POSITION
1. Jaw forward
2. Mouth low
3. Chest above the ground
WHAT NEXT AFTER
RECOVERY
POSITION?
1. Call for vehicular assistance from Ambulance services, FRSC, Police,
Army, Red Cross, NURTW, etc.
2. Contact the hospital to which the Casualty is to be taken for
preparation.
3. Evacuate the Casualty with the most appropriate manual
Handling/Casualty movement technique.
 POISON
Anything, which when taken or ingested is capable of
causing damage to the tissues or organs; or lead to
eventual death of the Casualty.
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
POISON
Place the Casualty in a comfortable position and rush
to hospital for immediate medical assistance.
WHAT SHOULD NOT
BE DONE?
1. Do not dilute poison by giving any substance.
2. Do not induce vomiting from the Casualty
3. Do not waste time because the earlier the Casualty is
attended to, the higher the chance of his / her survival
WHAT SHOULD BE
DONE?
1. If the Casualty vomits, scoup the vomitus as it will be useful for the laboratory
test.
2. If you found any container of the suspected substance, carry it along to the
hospital; it may assist tue Medics on what antidote to administer on the Casualty
3. Give the Medics as much information as would assist them in knowing the
history of the incident and the Casualty.
 STROKE
This is a condition that arises from the impairment of
blood vessels leading to inability to supply the blood
to the brain cells; often times resulting in the
paralysis of the limbs or death.
 SIGNS AND
SYMPTOMS OF
STROKE
1. Paralysis of the limbs
2. Dragging of the feet
3. Numbness
4. Incoherence of speech, understanding
5.Unable to see with one or both eyes
5. Sudden severe headache without known cause
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT OF
STROKE
1. Place the Casualty in a comfortable position and rush to the hospital
2. Reassure the Casualty
3. Place a pad by the side of the jaw where saliva is dripping
NOTE: The earlier the Casualty receives medical attention the higher
the chance of his recovery
 EPILEPSY
This is a condition arising from electro-disturbance in
the brain waves thus, making the muscles of the
Casualty to cramp and causing him to fit.
 CAUSES AND
TRIGGERS OF
EPILEPSY
1. Head injuries that have culminated int Brain tumor
2. Prolonged labour during child birth
3. Exposure of known epilepsy Casualty to blinking florescent light
or neon light
4 . Allergies to certain medications etc.
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
EPILEPSY
1. Protect the Casualty from danger such as fire, water, broken bottles, etc.
2. Place padding or cushion under the head while he is fitting so as to protect him from further head
injuries.
3. Do not hold him while he is fitting
4. When he foams, clean him up and place in recovery position
5. Disperse the crowd because their presence may delay the Casualty from standing up when e recover
6. When he finally wakes up give him psyco-social support and follow up thereafter.
 BURNS
Burns are injuries from dry heat such as: fire, a piece
of metal. Scalds are injuries from wet heat such as:
acid, steam, hot water
CATEGORIES OF
BURNS
1. Superficial Burns (1st degree burns)
2. Partial-thickness burns(2nd degree (burns)
3. Full thickness burns ( 3rd degree burns
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
BURNS
1. Pour cold water for 10minutes to cool of that
affected area
2. Cover any open injuries with sterile dressing or
cellophane
Take the Casualty to the hospital
THINGS NOT TO DO
1. Do not break the blisters
2. Do not apply GV
3. Do not waste time
 DEHYDRATION
A drastic reduction of body fluid caused by: exposure
to hyperthemic conditions, excessive stooling, burns,
etc.
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT
Administer Oral Rehydration solution (ORS) on the Casualty
Rush the Casualty to the hospital for secondary assistance.
3. If symptoms of shock are observed, apply WARRI
BITES AND STINGS
BITES: Some pets as well as wild animals can accidentally bite either at home or
on the field or farm. Often times, bites may leave us with venom and if not
addressed on time may lead to critical health emergency and/or death.
STINGS: Some insects such as Bees, scorpions, wasp, centipedes also sting
leaving their venom on the affected part of the body with excruciating pain; if
unchecked, may lead to serious health damages or death eventually.
 STEPS TO
PREVENTION OF
BITES AND STINGS
1. Maintaining a clean and hygienic home and environment
2.. Regular fumigation of our homes and surroundings
3. Wearing personal protective gear when stepping out to the field or
jungle
4. Maintaining a distance with pets that you're not familiar with.
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
BITES
1. Get the Casualty to calm down.
2. Get a crepe bandage and wrap above the injury to slow
down the pace of movement of the venom to the heart.
3. Hurriedly take the Casualty to hospital to attention
 FIRST AID
MANAGEMENT FOR
STINGS
1. Calm.the casual down
2. Identify the point of the sting
3. Get ice and place on the point of the sting to prevent it from
swelling
4 Hurriedly taka the Casualty to hospital
Thank you!