Ene23004 DD519

TEZPUR UNIVERSITY
A HYBRID MODEL OF A SMART

POWERED SMART PHONE
Course- Basics of Engineering Product and Design (DD-519)
Udayan Mahanta
M.Tech in Energy Technology
Department of Energy
Roll No: ENE23004
INTRODUCTION:
 Advent of Smart Phone
 Power Supply of a Smart Phone
 Ni-Cd, Li- Metal Hydride, Li-Ion

LITERATURE REVIEW:
 India aims to increase net emission zero emission by 2070 and
meet 50% of its electricity requirements from renewable energy
sources by 2030 [1]
 Exploration of the hybrid model for power supply [2]
 Potential revolution by integration of smart functionalities and

sustainable power solutions [3] [5]
 Hidden energy consumption behind a smart phone [4]

[6]
RESEARCH GAP:
 Power Supply for smart phones
dominated by lithium-ion batteries
 Challenges- limited battery life and

environmental concerns associated
with battery disposal
 Inconvenience due to the need for

constant charging.
RESEARCH GAP:
MARKET STUDY:
Fig: History of Solar Powered Smart Phones

MARKET STUDY:
Fig: Redmi Patented Solaar Powered Smart Phone

MARKET STUDY:
Fig: Solar Power Banks and Solar Bags

MARKET STUDY:
Fig: Micro FC (University of Illinois)
Fig: Transparent Solar Cell (MIT Center

Fig: FC (Central Mechanical for Excitonics, US Department of
Research Institute)
Energy)
COMPARISON:
 Solar powered power-banks and back-packs increases product
bulkiness.
 Solar Powered Smart-Phones are still in the R&D phase
 Typical Hydrogen Fuel Cells are bulky are expensive
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
 Non-availability of a smart hybrid model that uses Fuel Cells
and Solar Energy as a replacement to conventional power
supply for powering the Smart Phone which can last for a
longer duration.
AIM OF THE PROJECT:
 To design a hybrid model of a smart powered smart phone
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT:

 To design a fuel cell that can be used in place of a conventional
battery
 To design a solar panel incorporated display unit
 To counter heat generation and fuel cell by-products
 To incorporate them in a smart phone without compromising the
functionalities.
METHODOLOGY
 A hybrid smart phone can be modelled that runs on
electricity powered by fuel cells and solar panel along
with a battery.
Solar Panel Auxiliary Smart-

Fuel Cell
Battery Phone
Hybrid Smart-Phone
MORPHOLICAL CHART:
PARAMETERS STATES
Mode of power Fuel Cell, Solar Energy, Batteries, Hybrid System
PEM FC, Direct methanol FC, Alkaline FC, Phosphoric acid FC,
Type of Fuel Cell
Molten carbonate FC, Solid oxide FC etc
Power Density of Fuel Cell 10- 100 W

Energy Density of Fuel Cell 1000 Wh
Size of Fuel Cell Micro, Small, Medium, Large, Extra Large
Shape of Fuel Cell Cube, Cuboidal, Cylindrical,
Availability of Hydrogen Packets, Sachets, Refueling, Refillable cartridge

MORPHOLICAL CHART:
PARAMETERS STATES
Shape of Hydrogen container Cylindrical, Cubical, Cuboidal ,
Size of Hydrogen Container Micro, Small, Medium, Large, Extra Large
Management of By-products Release, Reuse,
Material of Solar Panel Graphene, Titanium Dioxide, Amorphous Silicon
Power output of the Solar Panel 4 - 400 Watt
Transparency of solar panel Opaque, Translucent, Transparent
Size of Solar Panel Micro, Small, Medium, Large, Extra Large
Thickness of the Solar Panel Extra Thin, Thin, Normal,

MORPHOLICAL CHART:
STATES DESCRIPTION
Type of Heat Exchanger Vapor cooling, Liquid Cooling
Shape of Heat Exchanger Cylindrical, Flat plate
Working Fluid of HX Water, Alcohol, Refrigerant
Type of Auxiliary Battery Li-Ion, Ni-Cd,
Size of the Auxiliary Battery Small, Medium, Large

POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS:
COMBINATION 1:
 Hybrid power supply using solar energy, fuel cell, battery and grid
 A medium sized flat cuboidal PEM FC of 15W is used
 H2 is made available is made in the form of refillable cylindrical cartridge
that would fit the fuel cell
 A transparent extra thin film solar module made of graphene, with a
power output of 10W, of the size of the display unit is used
 Thin flat tube with liquid cooling that uses water mixed with a refrigerant
POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS:
COMBINATION 2:
 Hybrid power supply using solar energy, fuel cell only
 A medium sized flat cuboidal Solid Oxide FC of 20W is used
 H2 is made available is made available by refuelling
 A translucent thin film solar module made of amorphous silicon, with a
power output of 20W, of the size of the display unit is used
 Thin cylindrical tube with liquid cooling that uses alcohol (other cooling
agent) mixed with a refrigerant
COMPARISON OF THE VARIOUS COMBINATIONS:
PARAMETERS COMBINATION 1 COMBINATION 2
Somewhat lacks backup but reduce
Mode of power More efficient
space consumption
High temperature withstanding
Type of Fuel Cell Economic, serves the purpose
capacity not required
Power Density of Fuel Cell Sufficient power High power output but costly
Shape of Fuel Cell Uniform pressure Non uniform pressure
Availability of Hydrogen Easy refilling Need to go to refueling stations
Transparency of solar panel Clear visibility Less visibility

All by-products utilized and Some by-products remains un-
By-product management
countered encountered
JUSTIFICATION:
 Sufficient power available with inbuilt backup
 By-product of FC (water) is used a cooling agent to counter the heat

generation during solar energy capture
 Sustainability and go green

PROPOSED SOLUTION:
MU: main unit DU: display unit

FC: fuel cell CC: charge controller
AB: auxiliary battery HE: heat exchanger
PROPOSED SOLUTION:
DU: display unit

SP: solar panel
PROPOSED SOLUTION:
FC: fuel cell
RC: refillable cartridge
HE: heat exchanger

LIMITATION:
 Can Fuel Cell truly replace conventional batteries?
 Can Fuel Cell and thin film Solar Panel meet the required power output of the
Smart Phone?
 Are fabrication of micro hydrogen Fuel Cells and thin film transparent Solar
Panels with optimum output possible?
 What to do with the fuel cell by-products?
 Can refueling replace recharging?

FUTURE WORK:
 Fuel Cell efficiency and energy density
 Transparent Solar Panel efficiency and energy density

CONCLUSION:
Hybrid
Smart-
Phone
LEARNING OUTCOME:
 Various stages and phases of product design
 Development of concepts and design products based on

user needs and design principles
 Design products following a systematic approach.

REFERENCES:
[1] -
https://www.investindia.gov.in/team-india-blogs/investing-energy-engine-sustainable-developmen
t#:~:text=Declared%20in%20the%20COP%20Summit,zero%20carbon%20emissions%20by%20
2070
[2] - https://phys.org/news/2005-02-prototype-next-generation-mobile-fuel-cell.html
[3] - Ferahtia et al, A hybrid power system based on fuel cell, photovoltaic source and
supercapacitor, SN Appl. Sci. 2, 940 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2709-0
[4] - https
://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2014/sep/10/energy-consumption-behind-smart-ph
one
[5] - Vigya et al, Renewable generation based hybrid power system control using fractional order-
fuzzy controller, Elsevier- Energy Reports 7, 641-653 (2021). https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.01.022
THANK YOU!

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TEZPUR UNIVERSITY

A HYBRID MODEL OF A SMART

 Power Supply of a Smart Phone

 Ni-Cd, Li- Metal Hydride, Li-Ion

 Exploration of the hybrid model for power supply [2]

 Potential revolution by integration of smart functionalities and

 Hidden energy consumption behind a smart phone [4]

 Challenges- limited battery life and

 Inconvenience due to the need for

Fig: History of Solar Powered Smart Phones

Fig: Redmi Patented Solaar Powered Smart Phone

Fig: Solar Power Banks and Solar Bags

Fig: Micro FC (University of Illinois)

Fig: Transparent Solar Cell (MIT Center

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT:

Solar Panel Auxiliary Smart-

Mode of power Fuel Cell, Solar Energy, Batteries, Hybrid System

Power Density of Fuel Cell 10- 100 W

Shape of Fuel Cell Cube, Cuboidal, Cylindrical,

Availability of Hydrogen Packets, Sachets, Refueling, Refillable cartridge

Shape of Hydrogen container Cylindrical, Cubical, Cuboidal ,

Size of Hydrogen Container Micro, Small, Medium, Large, Extra Large

Management of By-products Release, Reuse,

Material of Solar Panel Graphene, Titanium Dioxide, Amorphous Silicon

Power output of the Solar Panel 4 - 400 Watt

Transparency of solar panel Opaque, Translucent, Transparent

Size of Solar Panel Micro, Small, Medium, Large, Extra Large

Thickness of the Solar Panel Extra Thin, Thin, Normal,

Type of Heat Exchanger Vapor cooling, Liquid Cooling

Shape of Heat Exchanger Cylindrical, Flat plate

Working Fluid of HX Water, Alcohol, Refrigerant

Type of Auxiliary Battery Li-Ion, Ni-Cd,

Size of the Auxiliary Battery Small, Medium, Large

Shape of Fuel Cell Uniform pressure Non uniform pressure

Availability of Hydrogen Easy refilling Need to go to refueling stations

Transparency of solar panel Clear visibility Less visibility

 By-product of FC (water) is used a cooling agent to counter the heat

 Sustainability and go green

MU: main unit DU: display unit

DU: display unit

HE: heat exchanger

 What to do with the fuel cell by-products?

 Can refueling replace recharging?

 Transparent Solar Panel efficiency and energy density

 Development of concepts and design products based on

 Design products following a systematic approach.

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