Unit 1 - Grammatical Structures and Conventions PPP

GRAMMATICAL
STRUCTURES AND
CONVENTIONS
Noun - (Naming word)
Pronoun - (Replace a noun)
Adjective - (Describing word)
Verb – (Action word)
Adverb - (Describes a verb)
Preposition - (Shows relationship)
Conjunction - (Joining word)
Interjection - (Expressive word)

A noun is the name of a person, place, thing or idea.
Examples of nouns:
 Daniel, London, table, dog, teacher, pen, city, happiness, hope
Example sentences:
 Steve lives in Sydney.
 Mary uses pen and paper to write letters.
Learn more about the different types of nouns.

Proper nouns/names always start with a capital letter, e.g., South
Africa, James, Tshwane University of Technology, Bonolo, Ndlovu,
Johannesburg, etc.
A pronoun is used in place of a noun or noun phrase to avoid
repetition.
 Examples of pronouns:
 I, you, we, they, he, she, it, me, us, them, him, her, this, those
 Example sentences:
 Mary is tired. She wants to sleep.
 I want her to dance with me.
I is always capitalised no matter its position in the sentence.
It is grammatically incorrect to write,“He was swimming while i was

GOGGING.
 An adjective describes, modifies or gives more
information about a noun or pronoun.
 Examples:
 big, happy, green, young, fun, crazy, three
 The little girl had a pink hat.

A verb shows an action or state of being.
A verb shows what someone or something is doing.
Examples:
go, speak, run, eat, play, live, walk, have, like, are, is
I like chocolate ice cream.

A preposition shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to
another word.
Preposition can indicate time, place, or relationship.
Examples:
at, on, in, from, with, near, between, about, under
I left my keys on the table for you.
 A conjunction joins two words, ideas, phrases or clauses
together in a sentence and shows how they are connected.
 Examples:
and, or, but, because, so, yet, unless, since, if.
I was hot and exhausted but I still finished the marathon.
 An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses a
strong feeling or emotion.
 It is a short exclamation.
 Examples:
Ouch! Wow! Great! Help! Oh! Hey! Hi!
Wow! I passed my English test.
Great!
Ouch! That hurt.
CLASSIFY THE MOST
ACADEMIC USED WORDS BY
WORD CLASS OR PART OF
SPEECH
Absent, absolute, absolutely,
absorb, abuse, academic, disagree, disagreement, disappear, excuse, executive,

exercise, thirsty, this, thorough, thoroughly, exhibit, exhibition, disappoint, when,
whenever, where, disappointing, disappointed, disappointment, disapproval, undo,
trick, valid and
a b se n t a d j. ab so lu te ad j. a b so lu tely a d v .
ab so rb v . ab u se n ., v . acad em ic a d j. d isa g re e v . d isa g ree m en t n . d isap p ear v .
ex c u se n ., v . e x ec u tiv e n ., a d j. ex e rcise n ., v . th irsty ad j. th is d et., p ro n.
th o ro u g h a d j. th o ro u g h ly
ad v. ex h ib it v ., n . ex h ib itio n n . d isap p o in t v . w h e n a d v ., p ro n ., co nj. w h en e v e r
co nj. w h ere ad v., c o nj. d isap p o in tin g a d j. d isap p o in te d a d j. d isap p o in tm e n t n .
d isa p p ro v al, u n d o v ., trick n ., v ., v alid a d j ., tran sp a re n t a d j.
Learning English, I feel like am honoured students
because i can even write letters to companies abroad by
South Africa and they are reply my request. Each and
every student must register ? English in order to
communicate easy.
Learning English, I feel like an honoured student
because I can even write letters to companies outside
of South Africa and they could reply to my letter. Each
and every student must register for English in order
to communicate easily.
English are one of the most important languages
around a world. It is the most use language in
our everyday life. It is the simple language that
every sphere is able to understand when it is
used as a communication process. This language
play an important role around the world
because most of the people use it so that they
will be understood by others.
English is one of the most important languages around
the world. It is the most used language in our everyday
life. It is a simple language that every sphere is able to
understand when it is used in the communication
process.This language plays an
important role around the world because most people
use it so that they will be understood by others.
CONCORD
ALSO CALLED AGREEMENT
THE SUBJECT AND VERB MUST AGREE IN
NUMBER AND IN PERSON
1. TO DECIDE WHETHER THE VERB SHOULD BE
SINGULAR OR PLURAL
SINGULAR PLURAL
• I (1ST PERSON SINGULAR) EAT. • WE (1ST PERSON PLURAL) EAT.
• YOU (2ND PERSON SINGULAR) EAT. • ALL OF YOU (2ND PERSON PLURAL)
• HE/SHE (3RD PERSON SINGULAR) EATS. EAT.
• JOHN AND BEN (THEY) EAT.
AGREEMENT BETWEEN NOUNS AND
PRONOUN
• THE WOMEN PAID FOR HER TICKET. • THE WOMEN PAID THEIR TICKETS.
• A GROUP OF TEENAGERS IS PLANNING • ALL THE BOYS ARE EXPECTED TO DO
A TRIP TO ORANGE RIVER. THEIR BEST.
• EVERYONE IS DOING HER BEST
TENSES
ACTIVITY 2020/08/29
Underline the correct word from the words given in brackets

and identify it as an adjective or an adverb.
1. She was told that she had done (well / good).

2. The boss looked (disapproving / disapprovingly) at
her.
3. He (sure / surely) was betrayed by you.
4. Drive (slow / slowly); someone is crossing the street.
5. “Did you do (well / good) in the final exam?” she
asked him.
6. That is not (normally / normal) behaviour.
7. Suzy looks (good / well) after her recent illness.
8. Most of us consider ourselves (real / really) fortunate
if we have a job.
9. The rain continued (steady / steadily) for five days.
10. Speaking as (honestly / honest) as ever, he revealed
the problem.
9. That time he took a (terribly / terrible) big chance.
10. John spoke extremely (loud / loudly).
11. I can assure you that she did it (accidental / accidentally)
12. I feel (terrible / terribly) because I failed my main subject.
13. The food in our new canteen tastes very (well / good).
14. She performed (exceptional / exceptionally) well in the
examination.
15. Before Vincent died he had behaved (strange / strangely).
16. Maria looked (beautiful / beautifully) at the graduation
ceremony.
17. The lecturer looked (stern / sternly) at the unruly student.
18. Ms Benton was appointed (temporary / temporarily).
19. The food smells (good / well).
20. The metro police must act more (strict / strictly).
Underline the correct word from the options in brackets to
complete each sentence meaningfully.
a) The first (prize/price) in the competition was won by
an old woman.
b) Moira was very (jealous/ jealousy) of her sisters’
success.
c) (Lucky/Luckily), it did not rain on the day of their
wedding.
d) The door handle was (loose/lose) so thieves broke in.
e) Smoking is not (aloud/allowed) in the theatre.
f) The (weather/whether) was fine yesterday.
g) My mother is a very good (cooker/cook).
h) (Accept/except) for a few accidents, the holiday was
(quiet/quite).
i) To make juice, you have to (crush/crash) the oranges.
j) The club can (raise/rise) money through the sale of
clothes.
k) John is 16 and Sabelo is 18. The former is younger
than the (latter/letter).
l) You need more (practice/practise) in writing essays.
m) I am very sorry about the (lose/loss/loose) of your
mother.
n) While the train was (stationery/stationary), we loaded

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GRAMMATICAL

Pronoun - (Replace a noun)

Adjective - (Describing word)

Verb – (Action word)

Adverb - (Describes a verb)

Preposition - (Shows relationship)

Conjunction - (Joining word)

Interjection - (Expressive word)

Learn more about the different types of nouns.

I is always capitalised no matter its position in the sentence.

It is grammatically incorrect to write,“He was swimming while i was

 big, happy, green, young, fun, crazy, three

 The little girl had a pink hat.

I like chocolate ice cream.

absorb, abuse, academic, disagree, disagreement, disappear, excuse, executive,

Underline the correct word from the words given in brackets

1. She was told that she had done (well / good).

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