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    L8 Siva

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    L8 Siva

    Uploaded by

    jtvarsha211148
    8 views18 pages

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    L8_Siva

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    8 views18 pages

    L8 Siva

    Uploaded by

    jtvarsha211148

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Lecture 7

    Fundamentals of Material Balances


    Step 1:

    Choose as a basis: Calculation an amount or flow rate of one of the process streams

    Feed stream flow rate - 2000 L/h


    Step 2:

    Draw a flowchart: Fill in all KNOWN variable values, including the basis of calculation. Then
    label UNKNOWN stream variables on the chart.
    Step 2:

    Draw a flowchart: Fill in all KNOWN variable values, including the basis of calculation. Then
    label UNKNOWN stream variables on the chart.
    Note:

    1. A volumetric flow rate is given for the feed stream, but mass flow rates and fractions will
    be needed for balances.

    2. Since mass balances will be written, the given component mole fractions in the overhead
    product stream will have to be converted to mass fractions.

    3. NO information regarding mass flow rate or mass fraction of bottom streams. Thus, we
    have instead labeled the component flow rates.

    4. Every component mass flow rate in every process stream can be expressed in terms of
    labeled quantities and variables. (e.g. the flow rates of toluene (kg T/h) in the feed,
    overhead, and bottom streams)
    Step 3:

    Write expressions for the quantities requested in the problem statement


    Step 4:

    If you are given mixed mass and mole units for a stream convert all quantities to one basis

    Convert mixed units in overhead product stream


    Step 5:

    Do the degree-of-freedom analysis


    Step 6:

    Write the equations in an efficient order (minimizing simultaneous equations)


    and circle the variables for which you will solve.

    Start with equations that only involve one unknown variable, then pairs of
    simultaneous equations containing two unknown variables, and so on.
    Step 7:

    Solve the equations


    Step 8:

    Calculate the quantities requested in the problem statement if they ha e not


    already been calculated.
    General Procedure for Single-Unit Process Material Balance Calculations
    1. Choose as a basis: Calculation an amount or flow rate of one of the process streams

    2. Draw a flowchart: Fill in all KNOWN variable values, including the basis of calculation. Then label
    UNKNOWN stream variables on the chart.

    3. Write expressions for the quantities requested in the problem statement

    4. If you are given mixed mass and mole units for a stream convert all quantities to one basis

    5. Do the degree-of-freedom analysis

    6. Write the equations in an efficient order (minimizing simultaneous equations) and circle the
    variables for which you will solve.

    7. Solve the equations

    8. Calculate the quantities requested in the problem statement if they ha e not already been
    calculated.
    4.4 Balances on Multiple-Unit Processes

    Most industrial processes – multiple-unit processes

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