Examine the Concept,

Characteristics and Forms of

Stratification Systems Using
Sociological Perspectives
DIRECTIONS: List down ten (10) different people that you know in your barangay,
city, province, country or even foreign on the left side of the table. Describe their
socioeconomic status (Low-income, Middle- income, High- income) and categorize
them weather they belong to the Upper Class, Middle Class, or Lower Class in the
society.
NAME OF DESCRIPTION OF
SOCIOECONOMIC
CATEGORY
PEOPLE
EX. Manny Pacquiao High Income Upper Class
 At the end of the lesson, your are expected to
achieve the following objectives;

Define Social Stratification

Illustrate the social classes levels
Discuss the stratification systems
Compare modes of social mobility and
Use sociological perspectives in understanding
social stratifications in the society.
Directions: Using the clues given, arrange the jumbled letters
and write the correct term on the space provided.

CLUES: Socioeconomic strata, income, wealth, power and

social status

LSOACI FICATIARTSNOIT
Clues: power, wealth and prestige

LSOACI ARISEDSELB
Clues: political or social authority

REPOW
Clues: Money and other tangible
asset.

EMICNOCO
Clues : Intergovernmental
organization that aims to maintain
international peace and security

TUDINE STANOIN
Clue: Material Prosperity

THWEAL
•Where do you think you are in the pyramid?
•What social class are you at present?
•Do you have plans in advancing your
hierarchy?
 Differentiation- is a method of
identifying the social characteristics
of people by identifying their social
categories.
 What is
Stratification?
 Stratification

It comes from the Latin word “Strata” which

means level.
It means arranging something, or something
that has been arranged, into categories.
 Social Stratification
It refers to the division of large social groups into
smaller groups based on categories determined by
economics.
Is the classification of people into socioeconomic
class, based upon their occupation and income,
wealth and social status.
 Social Desirables
are resources considered
valuable by societies.
these resources maybe tangible
or intangible.
 Bases of Social Stratification According to Karl Marx
and Max Weber
1.
.

Wealth- pertains to
ownership or control of
resource.
2. Economic
Structure- material
prosperity,
ownership of the
means of
production.
3. Power- political
or social authority
or control,
especially that
which is exercised
by a government.
4. Prestige-
widespread
respect and
admiration felt due
to his or her
achievements or
Stratification Systems
Closed System
Open System
Caste System
Class System
Meritocracy
 1. Closed system- born into it,
therefore there is little chance/
opportunity of changing your
social system.
-allows little or no possibility of
moving up.
 2. Open System
-The individual may change his/ her social status
through “achieved status” (meaning, the person’s
achievement in the society will become the basis
of the social status.
-Allowing more flexibility in social roles, increased
social mobility, and better interaction among social
groups and classes.
 3. CASTE SYSTEM
 this are closed stratification system
because people are unable to
change their social standing.
 People born into caste society are
socialized to accept their social
standing.
What is the caste system in the Philippines?

Social classes in the Philippines goes

beyond Pre-Hispanic times. The
classes were divided into
four: Maginoo (Noble Class),
Timawa (freeman or commoner),
Maharlika (warrior), and Alipin
(servant).
4. CLASS SYSTEM
a stratification system based on the
ownership of resources and the
individuals occupation or profession.
A social class is composed of people
who share the same background and
characteristics.
 5. Meritocracy
- A system, organization, or society in
which people are chosen and moved
into positions of success, power, and
influence on the basis of their
demonstrated abilities and merit. .
Example:

'Britain is a meritocracy, and

everyone with skill and
imagination may aspire to reach
the highest level'.
 Social Mobility
What is Social Mobility?
 Social Mobility
It is the ability of individuals or groups
to change their positions within a social
stratification system.
 It also refers to how individuals
progress from a lower to a higher social
class.
TYPES OF SOCIAL
MOBILITY
 1. Horizontal Mobility
this happen when a person
-

changes their occupation but their

overall social standing remains
unchanged.
Example :

-A language teacher in private school

quitting their job to start working as an
online tutor.
- A nurse who leaves one hospital to take
position as a nurse to another hospital.
 2. Vertical Mobility
-it is a change in the occupational, political, or
religious status of a person that causes a
change in their societal position.
-a person or social object moves from one
social class to another.
 3. Upward Mobility
-it is when a person moves from a lower
position in society to a higher one.
-it can also include people occupying
higher positions in the same societal
group.
Example:

An industrial worker who

becomes a wealthy businessman
moves upward in the class
system.
Example:

Someone may start out working

in low- paying job and then move
up into a higher-paying job within
the same company after a few
years.
 4. Downward Mobility
-ittakes place when a person moves from
a higher position in the society to a lower
one. It happens when someone is caught
performing a wrongful act that can result
in the loss of the position they currently
hold.
Example:

A landed aristocrat who loses

everything in a revolution moves
downward in the system.
 5. Inter- generational mobility
where an individual’s wellbeing, relative to others of
-

his/her generation, is less dependent on the

socioeconomic status of his/her parents.
-this happen when social position changes from one
generation to another.
Example:

An individual being the first person in their

family to earn a college degree.

A father worked in a factory while his son

received an education that allowed him to
become a lawyer or a doctor.
 6. Intra- generational
-Change in societal position occurs during the
lifespan of a single generation. It can also refer to a
change in position between siblings. One way is
when a person climbs up the corporate ladder in
their career.
-Moving to a higher income bracket or acquiring a
more esteemed status.
Example:

An individual starts their career

as a clerk and through their life
moves on to a senior position
such as a director.
Theoretical Perspective on Social Stratification

Functionalism- believes that each part or

aspects of society serves an important purpose.

Conflict Theory- believed that stratification

perpetuates inequality.
-draw many ideas from the works of Karl Marx.
Society divided into two Groups

Bourgeois- also called Capitalists who

own the factors of production such as
resources, land and businesses.

Proletariat- lack power and influence

and great experiences great hardships.
Any questions for me?
Understand each item below and select the choice that corresponds
your answer.

1. Which belongs to the lower class?

A.Doctors
B.Attorneys
C.Engineers
D.Office Secretary
2. Which stratification system is achieved
(meaning, the social status is a product of a
person’s hardwork and determination to level up
his/her social status in life)?

A. Class system
B. Open system
C. Caste system
D. Closed system
3. A smaller retailer of fish in the market
becomes an owner of a large scale fish
mart in a locality. What social mobility
happened?

A.Vertical mobility
B.Upward mobility
C. Horizontal mobility
D.Downward mobility
4.Which is incorrectly defined social desirables
below?

A.Power: Control People

B. Prestige: Social recognition
C. Wealth: Ownership of resources
D.None of the above
5. This is method of identifying the social
characteristics of people by identifying the
social categories.

A.Stratification
B.Differentiation
C. Social mobility
D.Social classes
6. A family moves out in their province as
agricultural land tiller and becomes a land farmer
in the other nearby province. What social
mobility described?

A.Vertical mobility
B.Upward mobility
C. Horizontal mobility
D.Downward mobility
7. This is the composition of upper, middle
class, and lower class.

A.Stratification
B.Differentiation
C.Social mobility
D.Social classes
8. This is a system by which a society ranks
categories of people in a hierarchy
according to power, wealth and prestige.

A.Stratification
B.Differentiation
C.Social mobility
D.Social classes
9. Which of the following is NOT a social
desirable?

A.Power
B.Wealth
C.Political party
D.Prestige
10. Which stratification system do not allow
individuals to change their social status in the
society?

A.Class system
B.Open system
C.Closed system
D.Caste system
11. Which social mobility does NOT
change the person’s social level?

A.Vertical mobility
B.Upward mobility
C.Horizontal mobility
D.Downward mobility
12. It is a widespread respect and
admiration felt due to his or her
achievements or quality.

A.Wealth
B.Prestige
C.Economic structure
D.Power
13. It refers to material prosperity, ownership of
the means of production.

A. Wealth
B. Power
C. Economic structure
D. Prestige
14. It refers to the government or the
holding of power by people selected on the
basis of their ability.

A.Stratification
B.Prestige
C.Social mobility
D.Meritocracy
15. What stratification system that is based on
the ownership of resources and the individuals
occupation or profession.

A.Caste system
B.Class system
C. Open system
D.Closed system
16. A kind of social mobility that refers to
a change in position between siblings.

A.Stratification
B.Inter- generational mobility
C.Intra- generational mobility
D.Prestige
17. This happen when social position changes from one
generation to another or where an individual’s
wellbeing, relative to others of his/her generation, is
less dependent on the socioeconomic status of his/her
parents.

A. Social class
B. Stratification
C. Intra-generational mobility
D. Inter- generational mobility
18. Refers to people who earn a wage for a living,
especially people who are dependent on manual,
daily, or casual labor.

A. Proletariat
B. Bourgeoisie
C. Functionalist
D. None of the above
19. Refers to those who make their living through
property or through ownership of the means of
production.

A.Commoners
B. Bourgeoisie
C. Functionalist
D. Confused
20. It is the ability of individuals or groups to change
their positions within a social stratification system.

A.Stratification
B.Differentiation
C.Social mobility
D.Social classes
 Result
Result 1 Result 2

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 Conclusion

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magna nec finibus.
Question
Time