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Digital Citizens
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Objectives

 Recognize the elements of digital citizenship.

 Acknowledge the different cyber laws and etiquettes.
 Identify potential educational platforms and websites.
 Explore online learning communities and resources.
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Digital Digital
Natives Immigrants

Digital Digital
Citizens Pioneers
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Digital Citizenship

 ‘‘Digital citizenship’’ is the ability to participate in society online

(Mossberger, et al., 2008)
 Digital citizenship can be described as the norms of appropriate,
responsible behavior with regard to technology use (Ribble and
Bailey, 2007)
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9 Elements of Digital Citizenship

 This is elaborated in the Chapter 2 of the Digital Citizenship in

School (Ribble and Bailey, 2007)
 The resource could be requested at the library for your
reference
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1. Digital Access
(Full electronic participation in society)
Educator Learner

-Encourage the use of -Always meet your

technology by using it in teachers halfway.
the classroom -Understand that they too
-Be mindful of the divide, are also adjusting.
the divide between ‘haves -Find ways or alternatives
and have nots’. to have access and not
-In technology integration, settle to “I just can’t have it
consider access as a or access it”
factor.
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 Before integrating digital

technologies, such as
requirements and activities that
involve devices and internet
connectivity, assess your learners’
privileges.
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2. Digital Commerce
(The buying and selling of goods online)
Educator Learner

-Must take the role of -Consult adults or experts

teaching responsibility in through reviews,
online consumerism recommendations,
-When it comes to comments, ratings and
educational resources like feedbacks,
e-books, partner with your -We all have our part in
school or college librarians creating a good guide to
regarding purchasing future consumers.
resources.
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 Everyone is socially obliged to

leave reviews, comments,
ratings, feedbacks, or
experiences on digital products.
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3. Digital Communication
(The electronic exchange of information)
Educator Learner

-Take advantage of these -Students are always being

platforms, like the chat, warned about how
messaging, blogging, and communication through
content creation. online is unsafe.
-Instill the values of -Understand that it does
respecting time and not always respect rights,
appropriateness privacy, and you as a
(schedules of consultation person.
or when not to use -Read, think, before you
communication devices) share.
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 Educators must establish

house-rules, protocols, and
etiquettes to be practiced in
communication platforms.
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(The capability to use digital technology
and knowing when to use it)
Educator Learner

-Update skills and try -Learn how to locate,

exploring digital technology evaluate, and use
software (image and video information.
processing, audio-visual -Digital society and
editing, material information society made
enhancement, file format things easy but also
conversion, word- complicated.
processing, learning -Take advantage of
management systems). learning resources and
-Educate students on how guides made available for
to locate, evaluate, and your online.
use.
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 Everyone must equip

themselves with digital literacies
to be properly integrate
themselves in the digital world.
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(The standards of conduct expected by
other digital technology users)
Educator Learner

-Encourage the use of -Work with their teachers to

digital technologies that understand what
have positive impact or information can be shared
effect to others. from their handheld device
-Educate students on how and when it is appropriate
to be respectful, how to to do so.
address themselves, how -Learn rules and know
to express intentions enough information before
online, and the basic dos engaging in a
and don’ts. conversation.
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 Think of boundaries in physical

world and try to at least mimic
them in the cyberspace.
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(The legal rights and restrictions governing
technology use)
Educator Learner

-Teach copyright, fair use, -Be aware that all of these

plagiarism, data privacy offenses can be detected
and other legal issues that and are punishable under
involves information and the student code of
digital technologies. conduct.
-This also includes piracy, -Cyber libel and slander
stealing, spreading fake could be committed due to
news, and accountability in irresponsibility and rash
the contents we are actions.
sharing.
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 Be mindful that there are now

laws punishing those who
violate laws.
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7. Digital Rights and Responsibility
(The privileges and freedoms extended to all and
the behavioral expectations that come with them)
Educator Learner

-Explain the concepts and - Learn that every right has

how they apply on the a responsibility.
classroom and outside - Acknowledge that
-Right to freedom of privileges also come
expression with a cost.
-Right to information - Be warned that these
-Bill of rights rights and privileges are
-Human Rights easier waived in the
digital world.
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 Always read Terms and

Conditions, Terms of Service,
Terms of Use, and EULA.
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(The elements of physical and psychological
well-being related to digital technology use)
Educator Learner

-Understand bandwidth -Time management and

and students workload. scheduling.
-Practice ergonomic use of -Practice ergonomic use of
computers. computers.
-Also take a break from -Also take a break from
time to time. time to time.
-Social media detox. -Social media detox.
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 Short disclaimer: I will be sharing few videos that might help

explain some of the things discussed. These materials are
educational while lifting some scriptural insights.
 9. Digital Security
(The
z precautions that all technology users must
take to guarantee their personal safety and
security of their network)
Educator and Educators

-Update passwords.
-Use authentic verification accounts.
-Have separate personal (social) and corporate (student or
work) emails.
-Do not click suspicious links.
-Install anti-virus and protection.
-Avoid installing crack versions of applications.
-Do not download from malicious websites.
-Beware of phishing, pharming, and smishing.
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Teaching Students Digital Citizenship

Stages
 Awareness

 Guided practice

 Modelling and demonstration

 Feedback and analysis

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Social, Ethical,
and Legal
Responsibilities
Summarized by
TECHSMART

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Take care of technology
equipment.

 With malware and viruses

running rampant, students
must learn to watch what they
download, click and share.
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Explore appropriate and
safe sites for learning and
research.

 Many websites contain

inaccurate or false
information. Teachers can
provide a list of approved
websites. Students need to
learn how to evaluate
websites and assess whether
they can trust the content.
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Copyright law, Fair Use
Act and Creative
Commons matter.

 Students learn how to copy

and paste without realizing
the copyright implications.
Understanding copyright and
related laws will help ensure
students follow the rules in
using and sharing content.
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Help prevent
cyberbullying.

 The anonymity of the internet and not

seeing faces makes it easy to “say” things
one would not utter in person. Teaching
students about cyberbullying requires
discussing not only its definition but also
how hurtful and damaging it can be. Give
examples of cyberbullying and encourage
students to report any cyberbullying
incident to teachers, counselors,
administrators or their parents.
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Self-image is
important.

 Without seeing faces, people can easily

overshare in a digital world. Kids need to
learn how future employers look up
candidates’ social media accounts to see
how they represent themselves in public.
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Make use of netiquette.

 Netiquette comprises the rules of an online

community. Sloppy writing in online
forums, device distraction while in
conversation, and sending of unsolicited
emails are a few examples of poor
netiquette. Learners need to understand
what makes good and bad netiquette and
why.
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Always give credit to
original source.

 Like citing references in term papers,

students learn about the importance of
using online citations to respect copyright
laws and eschew plagiarism.
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Remember to be effective, thoughtful
and ethical digital creators.

 Teachers can incorporate assignments that

use digital tools in the classroom. This
allows students to learn how to use
technology responsibly with teacher
oversight.
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Think.

 Teachers can integrate TECH SMART into

their lesson plans and encourage students
to think about technology’s purpose in all
digital interactions.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

1. Make Real People a Priority

 The cyberspace is not an alternate reality where
we shall soon fall or belongs. Still maintain real
relationships from real people. Better to maintain
the same personality online and in-person.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

2. Use Respectful Language

 Be respectful, address person using their real
name, their titles, and professional distinctions.
Express emotions and feelings as is, and no need
to add profanity and insults.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

3. Protect your data, privacy, and act with

discretion
 Be careful not to disclose sensitive, intimate,
personal, data or information. Protect your private
life from scammers, identify thieves, and hackers.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

4. Respect others’ privacy and rights in return

 Return the favor of respect. But remember that
respect begets respect is flawed. Respect other
people despite they haven’t showed you respect.
 HOWEVER, always draw a line between tolerance
and abuse.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

5. Be friends only with your friends offline

 Create a safe bubble in your online space that
only those you know could interact with you.
There are privacy options you could explore
online. But better to stay away from online
strangers.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

6. Fact check before you interact

 Do the CLICKERS test!
 Check your own biases
 Look before sharing
 Is it a joke?
 Consider the source
 Know beyond
 Experts approved?
 Research if others agree
 Supporting sources
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

7. Respond to Emails and Texts Promptly

 If unable to respond or reply immediately,
apologize. Also be sure to update and follow up
persons regarding the emails. Explain reasons in
detail.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

8. There is freedom of expression BUT …

 Exercise freedom of expression but not every
page is a freedom wall. If what you will say is not
true and not good, keep it to yourself unless your
opinion is sought.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

9. Confront and resolve issues privately …

 The world is a stage… but it shouldn’t always be
drama. Resolve conflicts in private. Do not resort
in gathering online sympathy.
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Netiquette or Cyber Ethics

10. How to deal with online arguments

 Read
 Validate not invalidate
 Educate not preach

 Share strong supporting facts

 Either end by concluding or admitting your mistake

 Block or report
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Cyberbullying

 Cyberbullying can take many forms, including

mean text messages or e-mails, rumors sent
by e-mail or posted on social networking
sites, and embarrassing pictures, videos,
websites, or fake profiles.
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 Cyberbullying messages and images can be

posted anonymously and distributed quickly
to a very wide audience. It can be difficult,
sometimes impossible, to trace the source,
especially if the inappropriate or harassing
messages, texts, and pictures have been
deleted after being viewed.
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What to do?

 Grow up! Be matured enough to:

 say something when you see something.

 say something but not to take part in bullying.

 to block or report.

 guide persons towards help.

 take evidences.

 take a break.
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Educational Platforms
 Education.com for classroom management
 Menti, Slack, Slido for lecture interaction
 Quizizz, Kahoot, Blooket for quizzes
 Puzzel.org for quizzes, jigsaw puzzles, memory games and more
 Wix, Wordpress, LinkedIn, Blogger for website hosting
 pbskids.org/games/ for educational games
 funbrain.com/games/ and
kids.nationalgeographic.com/games/ for educational games
 littlealchemy.com for fun science game
 Wordbook Online for reading materials and resources
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Online Communities of Learning

 The goal of educators nowadays is to create a

learning community, online.
 When we say community, what comes into your
mind?
Menti Time!
Go to menti.com and enter the code 6346 0522
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Make Sure Online Learning Happens

 According to Bonk and Reynolds (1997), to promote

higher-order thinking on the Web, online learning
must create challenging activities that enable
learners to link new information to old; acquire
meaningful knowledge; and use their metacognitive
abilities; hence, it is the instructional strategy, not the
technology, that influences the quality of learning.
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 Educators must not settle on just creating
online versions of their lessons but to mimic
the learning experience with:
 the use of the Internet to access learning
materials;
 to interact with the content, instructor, and other
learners;
 to obtain support during the learning process, in
order to acquire knowledge, to construct personal
meaning, and to grow from the learning
experience
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Design a Learning Approach

 Base the design on various schools of

thought:
 Behaviorist Perspective

 Cognitivist Perspective

 Constructivist Perspective

 Connectivist Theory Perspective

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Behaviorist

 This is inspired by Thorndike, Pavlov, and

Skinner, - this school of thought posits that
learning is a change in observable behavior
caused by external stimuli in the environment.
 Change in behavior is manifestation that
learning occurred.
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So what?

 Your learning objectives must be

measureable by observable
parameters.
 Your activities must have engagement,
interaction and mostly targeting
psychomotor and affective spheres.
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Assessment AS and OF Learning

 Learners should be told the explicit outcomes of the learning so

they can set expectations and judge for themselves whether
or not they have achieved the outcome of the online lesson.
 Learners must be tested to determine whether or not they have
achieved the learning outcome. Online testing or other forms
of testing and assessment should be integrated into the learning
sequence to check individual learner’s achievement level and
provide appropriate feedback.
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BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

 The learning materials must be sequenced

appropriately to promote learning. The sequencing
could take the form of simple to complex, known to
unknown, and knowledge to application.
 Learners must be provided with feedback so that they
can monitor how they are doing and take corrective
action if required.
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Cognitivist

 Cognitivists see learning as an internal process that

involves memory, thinking, reflection, abstraction,
motivation, and metacognition. Cognitive psychology
looks at learning from an information processing point
of view, where the learner uses different types of
memory during learning
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So what?

 Online learning strategies must present the materials

and use strategies that enable students to process the
materials efficiently.
 It involves long term and short term memories. And in
order to attain retention, short term must be processed
by the brain before it is lost.
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Dale’s cone

 Strategies used should allow learners to perceive

and attend to the information so that it can be
transferred to working memory. Learners use their
sensory systems to register the information in the
form of sensations.
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 Strategies used should allow learners to retrieve existing

information from long-term memory to help make sense of the
new information. Learners must construct a memory link
between the new information and some related information
already stored in long term memory.
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PCK TPCK (simplification of complex
concepts)

 Information should be chunked to prevent overload during

processing in working memory (use charts, infographics,
diagrams)
 Other strategies that promote deep processing should be used
to help transfer information to long-term storage. To make the
transfer to long-term memory more effective, strategies should
be used that require learners to apply, analyze, synthesize, and
evaluate promote higher-level learning.
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 A variety of learning strategies should be included in online instruction to

accommodate individual differences and learning styles.
 Information should be presented in different modes to facilitate processing
and transferring it to long-term memory. Where possible, textual, verbal,
and visual information should be presented to encourage encoding.
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 Learners should be motivated to learn. It does not matter how

effective the online materials are, if learners are not motivated,
they will not learn. The issue is whether to use intrinsic
motivation (driven from within the learner) or extrinsic motivation
(instructor- and performance-driven).
 Encourage learners to use their metacognitive skills to help in
the learning process.
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 Online strategies that facilitate the transfer of learning should be used to

encourage application in different and real-life situations. Simulation of the
real situation, using real-life cases, should be part of the lesson.
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Constructivist

 Constructivists see learners as active rather than passive.

Knowledge is not received from the outside or from someone
else; rather, the individual learner interprets and processes what
is received through the senses to create knowledge.
 So if cognitivist thinks they light the fire, for constructivists the
can start the fire.
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So what?

 Educators must either provide information, learning materials, or

others for the learner to figure out, or leave free spaces that
allows students to think for themselves.
 Learning should be an active process. Keeping learners active
doing meaningful activities results in high-level processing,
which facilitates the creation of personalized meaning.
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 Learners should construct their own knowledge, rather than

accepting that given by the instructor. Knowledge construction is
facilitated by good interactive online instruction, since the
students have to take the initiative to learn and to interact with
other students and the instructor, and because the learning
agenda is controlled by the student. A.S.
 Learning should be interactive to promote higher-level learning
and social presence, and to help develop personal meaning.
S.U.
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 Collaborative and cooperative learning should be encouraged to

facilitate constructivist learning
 Learners should be given control of the learning process. R.
 Learners should be given time and the opportunity to reflect. E.
 Learning should be made meaningful. Learning materials should
include examples that relate to the learners so that they can
make sense of the information.
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Connectivist

 According to Siemens (2004), connectivist theory is for the

digital age, where individuals learn and work in a networked
environment. As a result, we do not have control over what we
learn since others in the network continually change information,
and that requires new learning, unlearning old information,
and/or learning current information.
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 Because of the information explosion, learners should be

allowed to explore and research current information.
 Some information and procedures become obsolete because of
changes in the field and innovation; learners must therefore be
able to unlearn old information and mental models and learn
current information and mental models. The information that is
valid today may not be valid tomorrow.
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 The rapid increase of information available from a variety of

sources means that some information is not as important or
genuine as other information.
 Learners must have the ability to recognize what knowledge is
no longer valid so they can acquire the new knowledge for a
discipline.
 Because of globalization, information is not location-specific,
and with the increasing use of telecommunication, technologies
experts and learners from around the world can share and
review information.
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 The world is connected by telecommunication technology.

Hence, information for learning should not be taken from one
source but should be assembled from many sources to reflect
the networked world and the diversity of thinking.
 The field of computer systems is altering the learning process.
 Because of the information explosion, learners of the future
must be willing to acquire new knowledge on an ongoing basis.
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 The Internet is expanding education into a global classroom,

with learners, teachers, and experts from around the world.
As a result, learners must network with other students and
experts to make sure that they are continually learning and
updating their knowledge.
 Because of innovation and our increasing use of technology,
learning is becoming more multidisciplinary. Learners must be
exposed to different fields so that they can see the connections
between the information in the fields.
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So what?

 Many people can now be a part of the learning community of

one learner.
 It is part of teacher’s responsibility to introduce their students to
these circles.
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What are these communities?
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Student Organizations

 Most student organizations are now forgetting their role and

function. Holistic learning should always be kept in mind by
student leaders.
 A good examples is the student organization of Veterinary Medicine
Students.
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Teachers

 The whole faculty could be part of the students’ learning circle.

Referral or consultation; it doesn’t have to be under their
advisory or class. Teachers could still provide resources,
advices and more. Indirectly, they could serve as model or as
examples.
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Political Figures

 They could show examples also of high credentials,

achievement, and productivity for the youth. They could also
provide access to internet connections, educational resources,
and provision of Free Education. Some, to an extent, provides
scholarships.
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*Private Business

 Some could provide employment opportunities and

scholarships.
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*Celebrities and Influencers

 They shouldn’t be looked up as role models but could serve as

inspiration. Educators should also be aware of these not just to
be aware of the up-and-coming trends but to further understand
their students; to somehow relate to them.
 What are the contents they follow?
 Who are their favorite artists?
 Which genre or art styles grabs their attention the most?
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Family

 The main support system of the students nowadays. But often,

some are not very supportive or circumstances could not really
allow them to be supportive.
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Content creators

 Educational content or even just blogs or vlogs.

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 Now these are the circles of the

learning community. And in an
online learning community there
are various mediums where these
could be accessed.
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With these medium, there will be different
interactions
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For the references, please request for
the following e-books at the library

 This is for further (extensive) reading about digital citizenship

and digital literacy.
 Digital Citizenship: The Internet, Society, and Participation.
 Digital citizenship in schools.
 The Theory and Practice of Online Learning