Nervous System
Nervous System
Nervous System
com
Welcome to
Science Class
slidesmania.com
THE CENTRAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM The BRAIN
is a moist and spongy organ with an
average of 3 pounds. It consists of
10 billion neurons that control
everything a person does, such as
thoughts, movements, memory, and
sense.
CEREBRU
slidesmania.com
Functions of
the left and
right
hemispheres
slidesmania.com
slidesmania.com
CEREBELLUM FUNCTIONS
• Maintaining balance: The
cerebellum has special sensors that
detect shifts in balance and
movement. ...
• Coordinating movement: Most
body movements require the
coordination of multiple muscle
groups. ...
• Vision: The cerebellum coordinates
eye movements.
slidesmania.com
BRAIN STEM
It is responsible for many vital
functions of life, such
as breathing, consciousness,
blood pressure, heart rate, and
sleep.
The brainstem contains many critical
collections of white and grey matter.
The grey matter within the brainstem
consists of nerve cell bodies and
forms many important brainstem
nuclei.
slidesmania.com
SPINAL CORD
Is the pathway for messages
sent by the brain to the body
and from the body to the
brain.
slidesmania.com
TYPES OF
SOMATIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
a. Somatic afferent fibers
convey impulses from the
skin, muscles, and joints
2. Autonomic/Motor or
Efferent Division
Function: Nerve fibers
conveying impulses from
the CNS
It connects the brain and spinal
cord to muscles that are not
under the control of our will.
Examples: involuntary
muscles help digest food,
heartbeat, and breathing.
slidesmania.com
THE NEURON
Neurons are the
fundamental unit of
the nervous system
specialized to
transmit information
to different parts of
the body.”
slidesmania.com
Axon
Axon is a tube-like structure that carries electrical impulses
from the cell body to the axon terminals that pass the
impulse to another neuron.
Dendrites
Synapse
These are branch-like structures that It is the chemical junction between the terminal of one
receive messages from other neurons and neuron and the dendrites of another neuron.
allow the transmission of messages to the
cell body.
slidesmania.com
TYPES OF NEURON
Sensory Neurons
The sensory neurons convert signals from Interneurons
the external environment into They are multipolar in structure. Their
corresponding internal stimuli. The sensory axons connect only to the nearby
inputs activate the sensory neurons and sensory and motor neurons. They help
carry sensory information to the brain and in passing signals between two neurons.
spinal cord.
Motor Neurons
These are located in the central nervous system
extending their axons outside the
central nervous system. This is the most common type
of neuron and transmits information from the brain to
the muscles of the body.
Transmission of impulse in
slidesmania.com
a neuron
IMPULSE is an electrical
signal that travels along a
nerve fiber in response to a
stimulus and serves to
transmit a record of
sensation from a receptor or
an instruction to act to an
effector.
slidesmania.com