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    Data Mining

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    WONDYE DESTA
    This document discusses data mining tasks, the differences between classification and regression, and provides definitions and descriptions of key concepts in data mining including data mining, the data warehouse, and the knowledge discovery process. It lists common data mining tasks such as classification, prediction, and clustering. It explains that regression predicts continuous variables while classification predicts categorical variables. It also provides steps and definitions for the knowledge discovery process and describes what a data warehouse is.

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    Data Mining

    Uploaded by

    WONDYE DESTA
    6 views19 pages
    This document discusses data mining tasks, the differences between classification and regression, and provides definitions and descriptions of key concepts in data mining including data mining, the data warehouse, and the knowledge discovery process. It lists common data mining tasks such as classification, prediction, and clustering. It explains that regression predicts continuous variables while classification predicts categorical variables. It also provides steps and definitions for the knowledge discovery process and describes what a data warehouse is.

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    This document discusses data mining tasks, the differences between classification and regression, and provides definitions and descriptions of key concepts in data mining including data mining, the data warehouse, and the knowledge discovery process. It lists common data mining tasks such as classification, prediction, and clustering. It explains that regression predicts continuous variables while classification predicts categorical variables. It also provides steps and definitions for the knowledge discovery process and describes what a data warehouse is.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views19 pages

    Data Mining

    Uploaded by

    WONDYE DESTA
    This document discusses data mining tasks, the differences between classification and regression, and provides definitions and descriptions of key concepts in data mining including data mining, the data warehouse, and the knowledge discovery process. It lists common data mining tasks such as classification, prediction, and clustering. It explains that regression predicts continuous variables while classification predicts categorical variables. It also provides steps and definitions for the knowledge discovery process and describes what a data warehouse is.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    1. What You can observe from this figure?

    2. Differentiate between Classification and regression


    3. What are data mining tasks?
    List some of Data Mining Tasks
    • Characterization
    • Discrimination
    • Prediction
    • Classification
    • Association analysis
    • Outlier Analysis
    • Cluster Analysis
    • Evolution and Deviation Analysis
    2. Differentiate between Regression Classification &
    Regression:
    • The response variable is continuous.
    • For example, the response variable could be:
    • Weight
    • Height
    • Price
    • Time
    • Total units
    • In each case, a regression model seeks to predict a
    continuous quantity.
    Classification:
    • The response variable is categorical.
    • For example, the response variable could take
    on the following values:
    • Male or female
    • Pass or fail
    • Low, medium, or high
    • In each case, a classification model seeks to
    predict some class label.
    Differences Between Regression and
    Classification

    • Regression and classification algorithms are


    different in the following ways:
    • Regression algorithms seek to predict a
    continuous quantity and classification
    algorithms seek to predict a class label.
    • The way we measure the accuracy of
    regression and classification models differs.
    Similarities Between Regression and
    Classification
    • Regression and classification algorithms are
    similar in the following ways:
    • Both are supervised learning algorithms, i.e.
    they both involve a response variable.
    • Both use one or more explanatory variables to
    build models to predict some response.
    • Both can be used to understand how changes
    in the values of explanatory variables affect the
    values of a response variable.
    Data Mining…
    • It can be defined in many different ways.
    • Even the term data mining does not really present
    all the major components in the picture.
    • To refer to the mining of gold from rocks or sand,
    we say gold mining instead of rock or sand mining.
    • Analogously, data mining should have been more
    appropriately named “knowledge mining from
    data,” which is unfortunately somewhat long.
    Data Mining…
    • However, the shorter term, knowledge mining may
    not reflect the emphasis on mining from large
    amounts of data.
    • Nevertheless, mining is a bright term characterizing
    the process that finds a small set of precious
    nuggets/pieces from a great deal of raw material
    • In addition, many other terms have a similar meaning
    to data mining—for example, knowledge mining from
    data, knowledge extraction, data/pattern analysis,
    data archaeology, and data dredging
    Synonyms for Data Mining…
    • knowledge mining from data,
    • knowledge extraction,
    • data/pattern analysis,
    • data archaeology,
    • data dredging.
    Data Mining…
    • Many people treat data mining as a synonym
    for another popularly used term, knowledge
    discovery from data, or KDD, while others
    view data mining as merely an essential step
    in the process of knowledge discovery.
    • The knowledge discovery process is shown in
    the ff figure as an iterative sequence of the
    following steps:
    KDD Steps
    • 1. Data cleaning (to remove noise and inconsistent data)
    • 2. Data integration (where multiple data sources may be
    combined)
    • Data selection (where data relevant to the analysis task
    are retrieved from the database)
    • 4. Data transformation (where data are transformed and
    consolidated into forms appropriate for mining by
    performing summary or aggregation operations)
    • 5. Data mining (an essential process where intelligent
    methods are applied to extract data patterns)
    KDD Steps
    • Pattern evaluation: - to identify the truly
    interesting patterns representing knowledge
    based on interestingness measures
    • 7. Knowledge presentation (where
    visualization and knowledge representation
    techniques are used to present mined
    knowledge to users
    Data Mining…
    • Data mining is the process of discovering
    interesting patterns and knowledge from
    large amounts of data.
    • The data sources can include databases, data
    warehouses(data repository), the Web, other
    information repositories, or data that are
    streamed into the system dynamically.
    Data Mining
    • Therefore Data mining can be defined as the
    process of extracting hidden, useful, non-
    truvial, interesting and previously
    unknown patterns(information) from vast
    amount of data.
    What is a Data Warehouse?
    • Defined in many different ways, but not strictly.
    – A decision support database that is maintained separately from the
    organization’s operational database
    – Support information processing by providing a solid platform of
    consolidated, historical data for analysis.
    • “A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, and
    nonvolatile collection of data in support of management’s decision-
    making process.”—W. H. Inmon
    • Data warehousing:
    – The process of constructing and using data warehouses

    17
    Data Warehouse- Subject-Oriented
    • Organized around major subjects, such as customer, product,
    sales
    • Focusing on the modeling and analysis of data for decision
    makers, not on daily operations or transaction processing
    • Provide a simple and concise view around particular subject
    issues by excluding data that are not useful in the decision
    support process

    18
    Data Warehouse - Integrated
    • Constructed by integrating multiple, heterogeneous data
    sources
    – relational databases, flat files, on-line transaction records
    • Data cleaning and data integration techniques are applied.
    – Ensure consistency in naming conventions, encoding
    structures, attribute measures, etc. among different data
    sources
    • E.g., Hotel price: currency, tax, breakfast covered, etc.
    – When data is moved to the warehouse, it is converted.

    19

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