Computer Hardware and Software

Chapter three
Introduction to computer
What is software
• software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact
with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks.
• Without software, computers would be useless.
Why software is used?
• It's a software program that enables hardware to communicate and
operate with the computer software
What are functions of software?
• An operating system has three main functions:
• (1) manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing
unit, memory, disk drives, and printers.
• (2) establish a user interface,
• (3) execute and provide services for applications software.
What is a software and types of software?
• The term 'software' refers to the set of electronic program
instructions or data a computer processor reads in order to perform a
task or operation.
• There are two main types of software:
• Systems software
• Application software
Types of software
• System software
• includes the programs that are dedicated to managing the computer
itself, such as the operating system.
• Programming software
• is a set of tools to aid developers in writing programs.
• Application software
• is intended to perform certain tasks.
• Examples of application software include office suites, gaming
applications, database systems and educational software. Application
software can be a single program or a collection of small programs.
Why the software is important?
• It provides the foundation for the infrastructure software that links

and manages hardware, networks, and software together.
• It's comprised of operating systems, system and network
management, and information management.
• The operating system controls the basic functions of a computer or
network.
What are the differences between
hardware and software?
• Computer hardware is any physical device used in or with your
machine
• software is a collection of code installed onto your computer's hard
drive.
What is Hardware
• Are physical parts/ intangible parts of a computer.
• Input devices, output devices, central processing unit and storage
devices
Motherboard
• A motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a computer
system.
• It holds together many of the crucial components of a computer,
including the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors
for input and output devices.
Function of motherboard
• All components are connected motherboard
• The motherboard gives power to other components
What is CPU.
• Stands for "Central Processing Unit.
• CPU is heart of computer
• The CPU is the primary component of a computer that processes
instructions.
• It runs the operating system and applications, constantly receiving
input from the user or active software programs.
• It processes the data and produces output, which may stored by an
application or displayed on the screen.
What is the function of the CPU?
• (CPU) of a computer is a piece of hardware that carries out the
instructions of a computer program.
• It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output
operations of a computer system.
Read-only memory (ROM)
• is a form of data storage in computers and other electronic devices
that can not be easily altered or reprogrammed.
• ROM retains its contents even if the device loses power. ...
• ROM is a more reliable form of storage and it will often boot
instructions and other mission-critical data.
What is RAM memory on a computer?
• Random Access Memory, or RAM
• is the physical hardware inside a computer that temporarily stores
data.
Purpose of RAM
• RAM stands for random-access memory, which makes it possible to
find specific information very quickly.
• It is a form of fast-access, volatile storage that is used as the
main memory in computer systems.
• Random-access memory is a form of computer memory that can be
read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data
and machine code.
hard disk drive (HDD)
• It is a secondary storage device used to store data permanently.
Switched-mode power supply (SMPS)
• A switched-mode power supply (SMPS) is an electronic circuit that
converts power using switching devices that are turned on and off
What it is do
• Converter
• SMPS has an AC input. It is converted into DC
• converts the available unregulated ac or dc input voltage to a
regulated dc output voltage.
Optical drives/ CD DRIVE
• Optical drives, that can read and write CDs, DVDs, and sometimes
Blu-ray discs, have been an important part of the PC universe for a
long time.
THE END

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Chapter three

• It provides the foundation for the infrastructure software that links

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