Cleaning and Sanitation

TLE
CROSS
CONTAMINATION
It is defined as a
transfer of bacteria or
other microorganisms
from one substance to
another.
CLEANING
the process of removing

food and other types of soil
from a surface, such as a
dish, glass, or cutting board.
SANITIZING
It is done using heat,

radiation, or chemicals.
What are the four categories of
Cleaning Agents?
DETERGENTS
SOLVENT CLEANER
ACID CLEANER
ABRASIVE CLEANER
What are the two sanitizing
methods?
HEAT
CHEMICAL
Carry out measurements and
calculations in a required task
 1.1 give the abbreviations
and equivalents of
measurements
 1.2 measure ingredients
according to recipe
requirement
Kitchen Measurement
A key to successful cooking
Introduction
 Most cooks use recipes.
A recipe is a list of
ingredients that gives
you directions for
preparing a specific
food. If you know how
to follow recipes, then
you will be successful in
the kitchen.
Who knows! You may
become a famous chef!
Introduction
✔ Successful cooks know:

• How to read a recipe
• Abbreviations
• Measuring Techniques
• Equivalents
• How to Change a Recipe

What’s in a recipe?
✔ A formula!
✔ Read the recipe before you cook.
The parts of the recipe tell you:
• Name
• Ingredients
• Equipment
• Directions
• Yield (number of servings)
• Sometimes - Nutritional Analysis
Parts of a Recipe Name
What the
✔ A recipe usually includes:

recipe is called.
Yield
Quesadillas
Number of (Serves 4 - 2 per person)
servings the
recipe makes. 8 flour tortillas Ingredients
1 cup grated cheese Food products
you need to
1. Heat a frying pan over medium heat.
make the recipe.
Equipment • Place a tortilla in the pan.
• Sprinkle 1/4 cup cheese on the tortilla.
• Cover the cheese with another tortilla.
• Cook about 1 minute, until brown and crisp. Then turn
Directions the quesadilla over. Cook until the cheese melts.
Steps you follow • Place on a serving plate. Cut into pie shaped wedges.
to make the
• Repeat process with remaining ingredients.
recipe.
What’s an Abbreviation?
 Understanding the language of recipes

takes the guesswork out of cooking.
 Abbreviation - The shortened form of a
word.
 Abbreviations in measuring units:
• Save space on the cookbook page.
• Make recipes easier to read.
RECIPE ON HOW TO COOK KARE-KARE
Preparation time: 20 minutes
Cooking time: 4 hours
Total: 4 hours and 20 minutes
Serving size:
Ingredients
3 lbs oxtail cut in 2 inch slices you an also use tripe or
beef slices
1-piece small banana flower bud sliced
1 bundle pechay or bok choy
1 bundle string beans cut into 2 inch slices
4 pieces eggplants sliced
1 cup ground peanuts
1/2 cup peanut butter
1/2 cup shrimp paste
34 Ounces water about 1 Liter
1/2 cup annatto seeds soaked in a cup of water
1/2 cup toasted ground rice
1 tbsp garlic minced
1 piece onion chopped
salt and pepper
COOKING INSTRUCTIONS:
1.In a cold running water, properly rinse oxtail. Then trim its excess fat using a knife. Place Oxtail
onto a deep pot with 6 cups of water. Bring to boil over a medium heat. This time, scum appears at
the top, remove it. Next, cover the pot and simmer over low heat for at least 3 hours. To know if
Oxtail is tender enough, pierced it with a fork. If the fork goes through Oxtail easily, then its
already tender. Remove Oxtail from pot, set aside 6 cups of broth for later on.
2.For the heart of the banana, peel the layer of heart skin until reaching the lighter and softer
portion or core. Remove stem and throw away the stem. Now, cut into half and then into fourth
cuts. In a separate bowl, add a pinch of salt. Put sliced banana and allow to soak for 15-20
minutes. With the use of clean hands, gently squeeze banana heart for that bitter taste to be
released. Remove Banana cuts and rinse with water. properly discard
3.In a separate pot, bring to medium heat, add 4 cups of water and allow to boil. Then add cuts of
banana heart. Blanch mixture for a minute. Then remove banana heart from liquid, set it aside.
Next, add eggplant and again blach for a minute, then remove eggplant from liquid and set it
aside. Next add pechay and blanch again for at least 30 seconds.remove pechay from liquid and
set aside. This step requires a slotted spoon that is to be used to remove ingredients.
4.In a frying pan on a medium heat, add rice flour. Constantly stirring until it turns to brown and
somewhat toasted. In a separate bowl, mix toasted rice flour and the broth. Stir gradually until the
texture is smooth.
5.In a small bowl: pour annatto seeds and add to the cup of reserved broth. Stir continuously until
color is attained.
6.Combine peanut butter and cup reserved broth, in a separate bowl. Stir to blend.
7.Sauté onion and garlic over medium heat in a large pot. Add Oxtail, stir continuously. Add fish
sauce, cook for 2 minutes. Add the remaining cups of reserved broth. On a low heat, simmer. Add
annatto water, and mixtures of annatto water, rice flour and peanut butter. Stir to completely mix.
Add salt and pepper to taste. Simmer for another 10 minutes. Then add blanched vegetables, and
cook for an additional 2-3 minutes.
8.The best way to eat Oxtail stew is to add Bagoong (shrimp paste) on top.
9.Serve hot and enjoy!
Abbreviations
 Tablespoon (Tbsp)
and teaspoons (tsp)
are used to measure
small amounts of
ingredients like salt,
herbs, spices,
baking powder and
butter.
Name the Abbreviations
 Tablespoons
 T
 tb
 Tbsp / tbsp
 Teaspoons
 t
 ts
 tsp
Abbreviations
 Cup
C
c
 Square
 Sq
 Ounce
 oz.
 Fluid Ounce
 fl. oz.
 Pound
 Lb
Abbreviations
 Gallon
 gal.
 Quart
 qt.
 Pint
 pt.
Abbreviations
 Large
 lg.
 Medium
 med.
 Weight
 wt.
 Package
 pkg.
 Hour
 hr.
 Most other countries use

the Metric system:
 Milliliter ml
 Liter L
 Grams g
 Kilogram kg
 More abbreviations:
• Dozen doz.
• Pound lb.
• Inch in.
• Second sec.
• Minute min.
• Hour hr.
• Degree 
• Fahrenheit/Celsius F. / C
Abbreviations Pop Quiz
 What do these stand for?

 lb. pound
 L Liter
 tsp. or t. teaspoon
  F. degree Fahrenheit
 qt. quart
 fl. oz. fluid ounce
Measuring ingredients
There are two kinds of

measuring:
 Dry measuring
 Liquid measuring
They each have their own

types of equipment and
techniques to use.
Note: moist ingredients use

same equipment, different
techniques.
 Dry measuring
cups are used
to measure
larger
amounts of
dry ingredients
like flour and
sugar.
Dry Measuring
Always use a dry measuring cup
 Flour
 pour or spoon into dry
measuring cup, then level
 Sugar
 Pour/spoon into dry measuring
cup, then level
 Rice
 Scoop out or pour into dry
measuring cup
Liquid Measuring
Always use liquid

measuring cups.
 Milk/Water/Oil
 Place measuring cup on
counter, pour liquid in,
check at eye level.
 Vanilla/Small amounts
 Pour into a measuring
spoon
 Hold over small bowl to
catch excess.
(Not over mixing bowl)
Moist Ingredients
 Brown Sugar
 Pack firmly into a dry
measuring cup, press until
level.
 Shortening/Peanut Butter
 Pack firmly into a dry
measuring cup, level.
 Remove with a rubber
scraper/spatula
 Cut/Shredded foods
 Press or place into a dry
measuring cup
Using your Hands
Make sure your hands are clean!!!
For some ingredients it is

best to use your hands:
 Eggs
 Do not break on the side
of the mixing bowl, shells
may fall in.
 Packages:
 Open and pour into
mixture
 Chunks/Squares:
 Unwrap and measure out
with hands
Equivalencies
 3t=1T
 2 T = 1 oz.
 8 T = ½ cup
 5 1/3 T = 1/3 cup
 5 T + 1 t = 1/3 c
 10 2/3 T = 2/3 cup
 10 T + 2 t = 2/3 c
How many T = 1 cup? 16 T

Equivalencies – fluid ounces
For Liquids:
 1 c = 8 oz.
 1 pt = 2 c = 16 oz.
 1 qt = 2 pt = 4 c = 32
oz.
 ½ gal = 2 qt = 4 pt =
8 c =64 oz.
Equivalencies - pounds
 1 lb = 16 oz.
 1 lb butter=2
cups = 4 sticks
Equivalencies
 1 gal. = 4 qt.
 1 qt. = 2 pt.
 1 pt. = 2 c.
 1 c. = 8 oz.
Figure it out!
 1 gal = 4 qt =8 pt
= 16 c =128oz
REVIEW
Parts of a Recipe Name
What the
✔ A recipe usually includes:

recipe is called.
Yield
Quesadillas
Number of (Serves 4 - 2 per person)
servings the
recipe makes. 8 flour tortillas Ingredients
1 cup grated cheese Food products
you need to
1. Heat a frying pan over medium heat.
make the recipe.
Equipment • Place a tortilla in the pan.
• Sprinkle 1/4 cup cheese on the tortilla.
• Cover the cheese with another tortilla.
• Cook about 1 minute, until brown and crisp. Then turn
Directions the quesadilla over. Cook until the cheese melts.
Steps you follow • Place on a serving plate. Cut into pie shaped wedges.
to make the
• Repeat process with remaining ingredients.
recipe.
 Milliliter ml
 Liter L
 Grams g
 Kilogram kg
Equivalencies
 3t=1T
 2 T = 1 oz.
 8 T = ½ cup
 5 1/3 T = 1/3 cup
 5 T + 1 t = 1/3 c
 10 2/3 T = 2/3 cup
 10 T + 2 t = 2/3 c
How many T = 9 t? 3T

Cleaning and Sanitation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cleaning and Sanitation

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cleaning and Sanitation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TLE

the process of removing

It is done using heat,

✔ Successful cooks know:

• How to Change a Recipe

✔ A recipe usually includes:

 Understanding the language of recipes

 Most other countries use

 What do these stand for?

There are two kinds of

They each have their own

Note: moist ingredients use

Always use liquid

For some ingredients it is

How many T = 1 cup? 16 T

✔ A recipe usually includes:

You might also like