Drug Study

DRUG STUDY
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4/29/12
Ampicillin

Brand name:,Principen,Ampicin,Penbritin Dosage: for Bacterial Meningitis -Adults and children 150 to 200 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses every 3 to 4 hours. (Treatment may be initiated with intravenous drip therapy and continued with intramuscular injections.) The doses for other infections may be given by either the intravenous or intramuscular route Route: Parental Stock Dose: 250mg, 500mg, 1gram, 2grams Powder for injection.
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Drug Classification: Anti-Infective Drugs Indication:Respiratory tract Infections. Bacterial Meningitiscaused byE. coli,Group B Streptococci, and other Gram-negative bacteria(Listeria monocytogenes, N. meningitidis). The addition of an aminoglycoside with ampicillin may increase its effectiveness against Gram-negative bacteria. Septicemia and Endocarditis. Contraindications: Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug or other penicillins, Use Cautiously in patients with other drug allergies,especially to cephalosporins(possible cross-sensitivity)
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1. 2. 3. . v. .
Adverse Effects: CNS:seizures Hematologic:thrombocytopenia GI: Vomiting Diarrhea Other: ananphylaxis. Interactions: Drug to Drug: Allopurinol:may increase risk of rash. Monitor Patient Probenecid:May increase level of ampicillin and other penicillins. Probenecid may be used for this purpose.
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Nursing Responsibilites: Do not confuse Ampicillin For amoxicillin(another penicillin) After reconstitution for IM or direct IV administration,solution must be used within one hour. Note history of sensitivity/reactions to this or related drugs. Monitor urinary output nad serum k+ levels,especially in elderly.
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Penicilin G sodium
Penicilin G sodium (benzylpenicillin sodium) Pharmacologic class: natural penicillin Pregnancy risk category B Avialabe Forms: Injection: 5million-init vial Indication: Children younger than age 12: 25000 to 400,000 units/kg daily I.M. or I.V. in divided doses q 4 hrs to 6 hrs.
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Give by intermittent infusion: Dilute drug in 50 to 100 ml, and give over 30 minutes to 2 hours q 4 hours to 6 hours. In neonates and children, give divided doses over 15 to 30 minutes. Incompatibilities Aminoglycisides, amphotericin B, bleomycin, chloromazine, cytarabine, fat emultions 10%, heparin sodium, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, invert sugar 10%, lincomycin, methylprednisone sodium succinate, potassium chloride, prochlorperazine mesylate, prometheazine hydrochloride
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Adverse Reaction CNS: neuropathy, seizures, lethargy, hallucinations, anxiety, confusion, agitation, depression, dizziness, fatigue CV: heart failure, thrombophlebitis , GI: nausea, vomiting, enterocolitis, ischemic colitis, pseudomembranous colitis. Others: Hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylaxis, overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, pain at injection sites, vein irritation Interaction
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Contraindications And Cautions Contraindicated in patients hypertensive to drug or other penicillins and in those on sodium-restricted diets. Use cautiously in patients with other drug allergies, especially to cephalosporins, because of possible cross-sensitivity Nursing Considerations Before giving drug, ask patient about allergic reactions to penicillin Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first dose. Therapy may 4/29/12 begin pending results
Diazepam
GENERIC NAME: Diazepam BRAND NAME: Valium CLASSIFICATION: Antianxiety agents, anticonvulsants, sedative/hyptonics, skeletal muscle relaxants (centrally acting) DOSAGE:
1 mg to 2.5 mg, 3 or 4 times daily initially; increase gradually as needed and tolerated
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v v v v
Indications: Anxiety Muscle Spams Status epilepticus To control acute repetitive seizure activity in patients already taking anticonvulsants. Contraindications: Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug or any of its components and in those with shock,com, or acute alchohol
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Adverse Effects: CNS: Ataxia,fainting,headache,imsomnia,tremo rs CV: bradycardia,CV collapse. Respiratory: Respiratory depression. Other: Acute withdrawal symdrome. Interactions: Drug Drug CNS depressants: May increase CNS depression,Avoid using together. May increase digoxin level and
v v v v
4/29/12 v Digoxin:
Diltiazem: May increase CNS depression and prolong effects of diazepam Ranitidine: May decrease absorption. Monitor patient for decreased effect.
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Nursing Considerations
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Discharge Plan

Medication - Encouraged patients family to have strict adherence to the medication to attain their therapeutic effects. - Instructed patients family to strictly follow the orders for take home medication such as its timing and dosage.
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Exercise
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Treatment
Encouraged a responsible member of the family to serve as treatment partner who will constantly remind about the timing of medications. Emphasized to the patients family members the importance of treatment regimen.
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Hygiene
Instructed significant others for minimal exposure to an open environment such as dusty and smoky area, which airborne microorganisms are present that can be a high risk factor that may cause severity of her condition. It is also important to maintain proper hygiene to prevent further infection. Significant others of the patient instructed that the baby should be bathe everyday.
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Outpatient/follow-up
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Diet
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Spritual
Advice the patients significant others to always be in contact with God through prayers and worship for them to be guided by the Holy Spirit and will be blessed of a healthy and fulfilling life.
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Drug Study

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DRUG STUDY

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