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    03 Addressing

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    rameshraoufi1
    The document covers different types of addressing used in networking, including physical MAC addresses which are unique to each device and logical IP addresses which identify nodes on a network. IP addresses fall into public or private IP ranges and are divided into classes A, B, and C which determine the number of available network and host addresses. The chapter also discusses IP formatting and services like DHCP and DNS that assign and translate IP addresses.

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    03 Addressing

    Uploaded by

    rameshraoufi1
    11 views13 pages
    The document covers different types of addressing used in networking, including physical MAC addresses which are unique to each device and logical IP addresses which identify nodes on a network. IP addresses fall into public or private IP ranges and are divided into classes A, B, and C which determine the number of available network and host addresses. The chapter also discusses IP formatting and services like DHCP and DNS that assign and translate IP addresses.

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    The document covers different types of addressing used in networking, including physical MAC addresses which are unique to each device and logical IP addresses which identify nodes on a network. IP addresses fall into public or private IP ranges and are divided into classes A, B, and C which determine the number of available network and host addresses. The chapter also discusses IP formatting and services like DHCP and DNS that assign and translate IP addresses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    11 views13 pages

    03 Addressing

    Uploaded by

    rameshraoufi1
    The document covers different types of addressing used in networking, including physical MAC addresses which are unique to each device and logical IP addresses which identify nodes on a network. IP addresses fall into public or private IP ranges and are divided into classes A, B, and C which determine the number of available network and host addresses. The chapter also discusses IP formatting and services like DHCP and DNS that assign and translate IP addresses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Chapter 2 : Addressing By: Aziz Popalzai

    What Is Going To Be Covered In This Chapter…?

     Addressing
     Physical Address
     MAC Address

     Logical Address
     IP
     IP Converting
     IP Classes
     IP Format
     IP Categories
     IP Ranges
     IP Services
     IP Assigning
    Addressing

     Protocols are a set of rules which used by Nodes to communicate across the network
     Addressing Protocols used to identify a node in a network.
     2 types of addresses for addressing
    1. Physical
    2. Logical
    Physical Address

     Also Called MAC ( Media Access Control ), BIA ( Burned In-Address ) Hardware
     Each Mac Has 48Bit Size
     Uses Hexadecimal Numbering System(AF-AF-AF-09-09-09)
     3 First byte (24Bit) are OUI, assigned IEEE.
     3 Second byte(24Bit)are product identifier, assigned by Manufacture
     Each MAC is Unique
     MAC Can not Modified
     Works on layer 2 OSI
     Cmd-getmac
    Logical Address

     Mostly know as IP (Internet Protocol) Address


     Is a 32bit Number that Used to route packets in a network.
     Each IP divided into 4 Portions (Octet) and each Portion is 8Bits
     Each Portion of IP is a number between 0 – 255
     10.20.150.254
     27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 = 255
     Works in Layer 3 OSI
    Converting IP To Binary
    IP Classes

     Generally IP addresses are divided into 5 classes


    1. Class A: Starts: 1.0.0.0 Ends: 126.255.255.255 For Users
    2. Class B Starts: 128.0.0.0 Ends: 191.255.255.255 For Users
    3. Class C: Starts: 192.0.0.0 Ends: 223.255.255.255 For Users
    4. Class D Starts: 224.0.0.0 Ends: 239.255.255.255 For Multicasting
    5. Class E Starts: 240.0.0.0 Ends: 255.255.255.255 For Experimental
    IP Format
     Each IP Consists of 2 part
    • Network:
    • Host:
     Class A: N.H.H.H
     Class B: N.N.H.H
     Class C: N.N.N.H
    Types of IDs C-A C-B C-B
     Network ID X.0.0.0 X.X.0.0 X.X.X.0
     Host ID X.0.0.1 – X.255.255.254 X.X.0.1 – X.X.255.254 X.X.X.1 – X.X.X.254
     Broadcast ID X.255.255.255 X.X.255.255 X.X.X.255
    IP Categories

     IP divided into 2 Categories


     Public
     Private

     Public
    Routable and Accessible via Internet
    Unique
    Payable ( Assigned By ISP )
    Users: Web Servers, Mail Servers ...
     Private  Private Ranges:
    Not routable and accessible via internet
    Not Unique Class A: 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255
    Not Payable ( Free ) Class B: 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255
    Users: Everyone Class C: 192.168.0.0
    IP Ranges

     0.0.0.0 used for default routing


     127.0.0.0 used for Loop-backing
     169.254.0.0 called APIPA
     255.255.255.255 used for Broadcasting
    IP Services

     DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DNS (Domain Name System)


    • Assigning (Leases)IP address automatically to hosts
    • Converting Name to IP
    • Works On Application Layer • Converting IP to Name
    • Runs Over UDP • Works On Application Layer
    • Ports: 67,68 • Runs Over UDP
    • IP Pool • Ports: 53
    Start
    End
    Reserved
    Static
    • DORA
    • Discovery Offer Request Acknowledgment
    Assign IP To A Host

     Static
     Dynamic
     Cmd
     Ipconfig
     Ipconfig /all
     Ipconfig/release
     Ipconfig/renew
    Finding Numbers of Network and Hosts Per Class

    Host and
    Class Octets Networks Hosts
    Network Bits

    A 8 / 24 1 8-1 = 7 27-2 = 126 224-2 = 16,277,214

    B 16 / 16 2 16-2 = 14 214 = 16,384 216-2 = 65,534

    C 24 / 8 3 24-3 = 21 221 = 2,097,152 28-2 = 254


    Home-Work
    126.250.150.100
    172.16.255.254
    192.168.250.200

    Please Send me to
    [email protected]

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