EDITORIAL

WRITING
 - an expression of fact and
opinion in concise, logical,
What is pleasing order for the sake
of entertaining, or
Editorial influencing opinion, or
policies in such a way that
Writing? its importance to the
average reader will be clear.
(M. Lyle Spencer, as quoted by Alito L. Malinao
in “Journalism for Filipinos”)

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 - helps the reader to
What is sift, digest, interpret,
evaluate an event or
Editorial issue and propels him
Writing? to action. (M. Lyle Spencer, as
quoted by Alito L. Malinao in “Journalism for
Filipinos”)

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 - as newspaper’s opinion or
stand on timely issues, it
What is must be written objectively;
both sides of the issue
Editorial should be
understood before deciding
deeply

Writing? which side to take and fight

for. (M. Lyle Spencer, as quoted by Alito L.
Malinao in “Journalism for Filipinos”)

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Focal points
ALL editorials are written for
persuasion.

The goals of editorial are:

to drive home a point
to influence public opinion
to enlighten people
PRELIMINARIES.
Choose a topic. You can choose to tackle any of the issues, events,
faces appearing in the news but try as much as possible to make the
editorial acquire the following values:
 Current and timely
 Substantial for writing
 Passing on moral judgment
Obtain background material and information about your topic.
Observe, read, interview, research.
Planning stage.
 Identify your purpose and audience – inform, interpret, criticize,
argue, suggest reforms, urge readers to action.
Explain or interpret the way the newspaper covered a sensitive or
controversial subject
Criticize constructive actions, decisions or situations to get readers
to see the problem.
Praise to commend people or organizations for a job well done
Persuade to get readers immediately see the solution and not the
problem
…
Organize Information – briefly outline your facts logically before
writing the piece.
Choose details
Order details according to importance

TOPIC PROS CONS

1. 1

2 2

3 3
Qualities of an Editorial
1. Interesting
2. Clear and effective reasoning
and has the power to influence
the reader’s opinion
3. Factual and contains
information to support the side
it chooses to take
4. Concise

Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism

Sources of Editorial Topics
1. News. An editorial that is
pegged to a current event will
more likely be read and have an
effect.
2. Research. Wide reading,
gathering of factual data to back
up opinion, and mulling over the
material must precede the writing.
3. Special occasions

Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism

 Parts of Editorial
1. Title. It should be striking
enough to arouse the reader’s
interest. It may also give the gist
of the content.
Examples:
• Erroneous textbooks: a bitter pill to
our ailing education
• Children at work: under poverty
arrest
• Picture-perfect
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POTENTIAL TITLE.
The title of an editorial article is mostly composed of
only three words.
The title is a label head.
Example: Iwas droga Tapat na hangarin
Equal opportunity Election blues
Kiss of death
NOTE: The title must be striking to attract attention
 Parts of Editorial
2. Introduction. It contains the
news peg and the reaction. The
absence of a reaction to an issue
makes the article not an editorial
but just an essay.
Example:
The expose made by Dr. Antonio
Calipjo-Go, an academic supervisor in a
private Marian School in Quezon City, that
some of the textbooks used by students are
erroneous, create a gigantic tremor that
rocks our academe.
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism
Introduction

News peg
•Summary of a news item
•Stand of the writer/ publication.
 Parts of Editorial
3. Body. It presents the factual
details to bolster the opinion or
principle of the newspaper on the
given issue. Arguments here are
arranged from the most significant
to the least significant ones.
Example:
In Asya: Noon, Ngayon at sa
Hinaharap, a 316-page textbook used by the
second year high school students in Araling-
Panlipunan, Dr. Calipjo-Go discovered that it
contains 431 errors.
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 Parts of Editorial
As expected, those in the godly seat of
our educational system vehemently denied
the findings of Dr. Calipjo-Go. Even the
authors of the said book threatened to file
a case against the professor, whose only
mistake is his undying concern of saving
our educational system from dooming by
bravely coming out and expose the tip of
the iceberg of errors of these widely used
textbooks.

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 Parts of Editorial
After thorough evaluation, however,
the Department of Education has found
out that indeed, Dr. Calipjo-Go is right.
Several textbooks used not only in the
public schools, but also in the private
schools are erroneous.
Nobody can deny that textbooks are
the “holy bibles” of the students. Majority
of those in the public schools are so
dependent on the facts and figures
supplied by these books. If they are fed by
erroneous information, these will be
implanted in their mind forever.
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 Parts of Editorial
The same will handed down to others
unless by chance along the way toward
higher educational pursuit, they will come
across with the right information that will
invalidate and correct whatever erroneous
information that they have learned from
the past.
These textbooks stained with errors
are but bitter pills that entangle our youth
in the sty of ignorance. These negate the
objective of the government of providing
quality education to us, students.

Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism

 Parts of Editorial
4. Conclusion. It presents a solution,
plea, advice, command, thought-
provoking question, forecast
possible effects and quotation
relevant to the subject or just a
summary.
Example:
The authors, as well as the concerned
authorities, who are tasked to evaluate these
books are guilty of thwarting facts and injecting
the wrong medication into the minds of the
students. They should be given the dose of their
own medicine. (NSPC Award-winning Editorial, The Reveille)
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 Kinds of
Editorial

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 It seeks to give

Editorial of information on facts of

news stories or add other

Informatio facts with minimum

explanation; may define

n terms, identify persons or

factors or provide a
background.

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Example
Bayanihan: Filipino Cultural Heritage
The effectiveness of the “bayanihan” spirit was best shown by groups of
students, hundreds of them, as they took to the streets in support of the Metro
Manila clean-up and beautification drive.
The students, coming from different schools in Tondo, pooled themselves
together, cleaned the streets, and beautified them with potted ornamental plants.
This is bayanihan in action.
The bayanihan is an ancient Filipino custom, symbolic of the Filipino way
of group work. As found in the Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (1745) by P.
Juan de Noceda and P. Pedro de Sncluar, the word ‘bayanihan’ is derived from
theEnhancement-Workshop
rootword onbayani meaning Obra Comun or group work.
Campus Journalism 22
 It explains the

Editorial significance or meaning of a

news event, current idea,

of condition, or situation,
theory, or hypothesis. The

Interpretati writer doesn’t argue nor

criticize, but merely present

on both sides of an issue and

leaves the judgment to the
reader.

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Example
A Tale of Horror: Population Explosion
Today, the world has a population of four billions. These will double in 35
years time. These will double in 35 years time. The world population is
increasing at the rate of an additional 2,000 million every eight years.
In six and a half centuries from now, there would be one person standing on
every square foot of land on earth. By that time, men would be no more place
for plants to grow.
The only way to avoid this situation would be through population planning.
The first consequence can be seen in the faces of hungry men. There is less
food per person on earth today than there was 30 years ago during the world
depression.
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 It points out the good or
Editorial of the bad features of a
problem or situation
mentioned in the news. Its
purpose is to influence the
Criticism reader. It suggests a
solution at the end.

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Example
A June 12 Thought: Respect Flag Rites
A flag ceremony, wherever it be a flag raising or a flag retreat is sacred. Therefore, it should be
observed with all the solemnity and sacredness a Filipino citizen can muster.
The National Anthem (Pambansang Awit), like the national flag, should be treated with
ceremonial respect.
On this anniversary of the declaration of Independent in Kawit in 1898, it is perhaps timely to
remind all and to behave during flag ceremonies.
Sad to say, many students during the Monday morning flag raising ceremonies, instead of
standing at attention while singing the National Anthem, and while reciting the Patriotic Fledge
(Panatang Makabayan), move around play and have completely disregarding what’s going on.
It is for these reasons that we are calling the attention of all teachers, especially the social studies
teachers to give more emphasis on teaching values, love of country, respect for the flag, veneration
of heroes, and proper behavior during flag ceremonies.
If flag ceremonies cannot be held properly, why then do we hold them at all.
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 Editorial of
It praises, commends,
or pays tribute to a person
Commendati or organization that has
performed some
on, worthwhile projects or
Appreciation, deeds, or accomplishments.

or
Tribute
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Example
We Are Our Brothers’ Keepers
“And the Lord said unto Cain, Where is Abel your brother? And he said, “I know not. Am I my
brother’s keeper?” – Genesis 4:9
This question asked millions of years ago in the Garden of Eden has not lost its meaning.
This was the same question students of Osmeña High School had sought to answer, and
answered, when the biggest flood in recent years hit Central Luzon.
When the appeal for help was aired by the mass media, local student leaders launched a three
pronged drive to solicit relief aid for the flood victims.
Majority of the students belong to poor families. Most of them cannot even afford to buy more
than a pair of uniforms for their daily use. But when the appeal for aid was sounded, they lost no
time in finding ways and means to help their less fortunate brothers. They knew that they were their
brothers’ keepers.
The hat was literally passed around. In no time, the sum of 20,000 was collected. Aside from this,
canned goods, rice, medicine, and old clothes were also collected.
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 Editorial of This is oftentimes called
editorial of persuasion. The
editor argues in order to
convince or persuade the
reader to accept his stand
Argumentation on the issue.

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Example
Science Not Conflict With Religion
Can science be reconciled with religion?
This was the argument discussed in the open forum during the science seminar-workshop
held July 18 at the school social hall in observance of National Science and Technology
week.
This statement from the speech of Mr. Ernesto L. Damaso of the National Science
Technology association who said that only truth does not change.
No Real Contradiction
There is no contradiction between science and religion when both are property
understood; what is needed is a proper knowledge of religion and a more scholarly
interpretation of the Bible, the Koran, and other similar books, for there can never be a
contradiction between any truth revealed by God in the holy scriptures and any findings of
science, properly tested and verified.
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Example
Holy Scriptures of whatever religion are not textbooks of science. Their
purpose is all the same – to inculcate moral, spiritual, and religious truth.
The subject matter of science on the other hand is the physical universe. Its
purpose is to discover the law of nature.
Religion and science move in the essentially different orbits. Religion is
concerned primarily with spiritual realities with moral values, with the
intangibles which elude both the pills and the test tubes; science with matter and
energy which can be seen, weighed, and measured.
Religion has no fear of science. It does not tremble before discussion but
before ignorance. It welcomes with eager hospitality every new finding. Thus
further man goes into outer space, the better vision he has of God, and the deeper
insight he acquires into the Divine Administration of the universe.
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 It evokes a smile, a
Editorial of chuckle, laughter,
while suggesting
truth. Its main aim is
Entertainment to entertain. It is
usually short.

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Example
First Day in School
The first day in high school for pupils who have been used to having all their classes in a
single room is rather like their first day in a big city crowded with different kinds of people.
There is confusion and a bewildered cry never heard of before.
On our own first day in high school, we were elbowed about from one room to another,
usually losing our way and arriving late.
Then we were told that the section in which we had finally found our way was too large,
that we must find another room on a different floor.
When we got on the wrong stairway, the older pupils laughed. When bells rang for
classes to begin, we would stand still; and when they rang for dismissal, we would sit still.
By the end of the first day, we had decided that higher learning was no good and we
might as well quit.
Yet, as you see, we are still here; so we must have changed our minds.
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 It presents a
philosophy rather
Mood than an argument or
an explanation.
Editorial Oftentimes,
subject
the
matter is
nature or emotion.

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Example
The Challenge of 1994
Old year 1993 with knitted brown, limping and hungry, black-eyed by
student demonstrations, social unrest, dirty politics, criminality, kidnapping,
and a rebellion has just departed, leaving behind great problems to Youthful
1994.
All around the country are tensions, miseries, and a starvation. Hunger
stalks the land, as different kinds of diseases inflict the people.
The poor and the unfortunate stage the same old story. The power of
political struggle and the growing strength of the rebels have crept even into the
once peaceful barrios throughout the country, while countless of millions look
up to the sky with hope for order, peace, and sobriety.
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 Special It explains the
significance of a
special day or
Occasion occasion.

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Example
VALENTINE IS…
When some students began decorating their rooms with Valentine trimmings, a critic
asked, “Is it necessary to celebrate Valentine’s Day? Is it not a good for nothing occasion
like Christmas?
Contrary to what the critic said, Valentine’s Day is not just a froth and flower
occasion devoid of any meaning at all. It has a distinct place and function in
contemporary life; otherwise its observance would have been dropped after the Vatican
had declared St. Valentine’s Day. To them, the existence of the patron saint is immaterial.
What important is, that people still believe in the existence of love, love between
lovers, love between children and their elders, love among men, and love between man
and God.
These kinds of love are universal. They are ties that bind the world together to keep
it from crumbling into hatred and wickedness.
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Tips on How to Write Editorial
1. Know the issue very well.
2. Make sure that it does not go
against any fixed policy of the
paper.
3. Be sure that the topic is of interest
to the reader. Prefer current and
controversial issue.
4. Limit your article to only one
aspect of your chosen subject.
5. Have a purposeful well in mind.
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism
Tips on How to Write Editorial
6. Gather sufficient data.
7. Give statistics, if possible.
8. Attribute sources.
9. Take a stand on controversial
issues.
10. Use formal language in
presenting opinion.
11. Use sound and logical
reasoning.
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism
Tips on How to Write Editorial
12. Give significant and factual details to
bolter your opinion.
13. When giving an argument, start from
the most significant.
14. Be authoritative, but do not preach.
15. Be impersonal. Use the third person
“we” instead of “I” except in direct
quotation.
16. Use various devices to catch and keep
the reader’s interest (striking title, catchy
introduction, analogy, comparison and
contrast, and the like)
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism
Tips on How to Write Editorial
17. Be brief.
18. Tie up your ending with that
of the beginning paragraph by
suggesting solution, plea, advice,
command, posing a challenging
question, making forecast of
outcomes or just a simple
summary.
19. Make a striking title.
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism
Structuring the editorial
•.
Problem/

• Human structure Situation

model (Head, Neck, stand

Body, Arms and evidence C CLAIMS evidence

Legs)
S
R O
E L
U
C Y
A I
O
p
n
Crucial agreement
(Philippine Daily Inquirer)
Amid the shifting conditions of the historic bond shared
by the Philippines and the United States, the two countries
signed on April 11 the Child Protection Compact (CPC).
This is aimed at reinforcing the battle against child abuse and
trafficking.
NOTE: This part presents the problem/ event/situation.
…
This agreement is a crucial one. Under the agreement, the
United States will provide $3.5 million (P175 million) and the
Philippines’ Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking (Iacat)
P40 million for programs and organizations. The intention is
improving the investigation, prosecution, identification and
monitoring of those involved in online sex abuse and
trafficking.
NOTE: The stand is given in this paragraph, then facts followed.
 …
As horrific as it is to imagine, child pornography and trafficking
have been amplified by the vast reach of the internet. Fighting these
crimes now requires greater resources and attention such as provided by
the CPC. “Let us not leave no stone unturned in our avowed purpose to
protect our children. Let us send a message, a strong one at that. Hurt our
children, and we will come after you. And you will not like it,” Justice
Secretary and Iacat chair Vitaliano Aguirre II said at the signing ceremony.
“Let us invest in our children. They are our hope. They are our future…
Anything that debases or [dehumanizes] the dignity of a person is an
abomination that must end,” said US Chargé d’Affairs Michael S. Klecheski.
NOTE: The first argument is presented here.
 …
The two countries have assisted each other in the recent past to end at
least one child porn case and trafficking operation in Dasmariñas, Cavite. In
what has become the common criminal practice, the sisters Elvie and Arlene
Aringo made children engage in sex, filmed them, and distributed the videos
online to foreign clients for up to $100. Some of the clients reportedly even
came to the country to engage in actual sex with the children for at least
P10,000. Based on information shared by US sources, the National Bureau of
Investigation arrested the sisters in March, shut down the operation, and
rescued 13 minors.

NOTE: Specific INCIDENT(evidence)/ building up the argument

…
The hugely lucrative child porn trade in the
Philippines is intended almost entirely for foreign
pedophiles. “There is no interest in [viewing] child
pornography in our culture,” Senior Supt. Gilbert Sosa,
director of the Philippine National Police’s
anticybercrime unit, said last January. “So it is mostly
production [of child porn videos that is being done here].
…
Cybersex dens operate in various parts of the country, with some
families coercing their own kin to perform lewd acts for profit. The
internet provides anonymity and protection from conventional attempts at
enforcing such laws as Republic Act No. 9995 (the Anti-Photo and Video
Voyeurism Act of 2009), RA 7610 (the Special Protection of Children Against
Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act), and RA 9208 (the Anti-
Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003). The PNP and NBI have been shutting
down one such operation after another, only for new ones to spring up. The
government’s push against online child abuse and trafficking seems difficult.
NOTE: Another argument is given here with references.
 …
Filipino children are increasingly at risk. Last July, the Department of
Social Welfare and Development reported that child abuse in the country was
on the rise. The number of cases of child abuse reported in the first quarter of
2016 (2,147) was almost half of that reported in the entirety of 2015 (4,374).
Most of the cases involved sexual abuse (539). According to Social Welfare
Secretary Judy Taguiwalo, the DSWD would intensify its efforts to stop child
abuse through “information dissemination … and implementation of
psychosocial interventions geared toward the recovery, healing and
reintegration of victims-survivors.”
NOTE: Another argument is highlighted here, with statistics and evidence.
 …
Indeed, one country cannot go it alone. This is why the
renewed commitment and crucial collaboration of the
Philippines and the United States in battling online sex crimes
involving children acquire the utmost urgency.
It is hoped that this crucial agreement really curb the
widespread online porn business in the country.
• NOTE: This part presents the recap of arguments – and the
concluding sentence.
The human structure model
• Introduction – 1st paragraph
• Stand – second paragraph
• Arguments 1,2,3 (with evidence/reference) – in the
next paragraphs
• Recap of main point
• Conclusion.
The SPECS Model.
• Situation – background
info.
• Problem arising from the
situation.
• Explanation (evidence,
example, extra detail)
• Conclusion
• Specific Solution.
 sample SPECS editorial
 BEGIN WITH A NEWS PEG- a news peg contains statement of the issue with immediate
reaction or stand of the publication.
 Example: The current Parent-Teachers’ Association (PTA) mounts its priority project of
installing 10 Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras within the vicinity of Quezon National
High School (QNHS), which will materialize before PTA’s term ends as per assurance of president
Ariel V. Babilonia. This project comes as a respite from the fangs of theft, gang clash, drug trade,
and other untoward incidents happening inside the campus.
 ISSUE: CCTV installation
 Reaction/stand: The project comes a sound solution to address untoward incidents in school.
 NOTE: From the news peg, the writer can build his arguments. He needs to support his stand on
the issue
Sample(The Coconut 2015-2016)
Curbing illicit activities

The current Parent-Teachers’ Association (PTA) mounts its

priority project of installing 10 Closed-Circuit Television
(CCTV) cameras within the vicinity of Quezon National High
School (QNHS), which will materialize before PTA’s term ends
as per assurance of president Ariel V. Babilonia. This project
comes as a respite from the fangs of theft, gang clash, drug
trade, and other untoward incidents happening inside the
campus.
…
• GIVE FLESH TO THE BODY- the presentation of logical
arguments and strong supports to the news peg.
• Present the situation and support it with illustrations and
arguments.
• Provide statistics if possible, related incidents, or references.
• Compare or contrast, present analogies, allusions if possible.
…
Quezon High has an average enrolment of 10,000 students
annually. What springs from the big population is also a big problem
not only in terms of physical facilities but also on safety for both
students and teachers. As a melting pot of students from all walks of
life, scale of values comes in different shades. Some are good and
obedient while some are the exact opposite. This makes peace and
order situation a serious matter needing closed monitoring and
supervision.
NOTE: The SITUATION is presented here.
…
Within the first two quarters of the current school year, three cases of prevalent
thefts happened in the campus. These occurred separately on different dates. The
common denominator is that all these cases happened when major school activities are
being held. While some students left their belongings inside their classroom, these
thieves attack. There is a big possibility that the crime is committed by an ‘organized’
group of erring students. The most recent happened during the rehearsals of wellness
program of the MAPEH department. The thieves cut through the grade seven
classroom and stole an expensive new DSLR camera, laptops, money, and other
valuables that students bring for their presentation and projects in school. What worst
is that even teachers’ room is penetrated by these intruders stealing teachers’ bags,
money, cellphones, and other valuables.
NOTE: PROBLEMS (3rd paragraph) arising from the situation.
 …
Early this October, a grade 10 student stabbed a school mate
because of heated arguments. The onset of cases like these, alarm
QNHS’ community. For this reason, the PTA officers and the school
administration think of a comprehensive scheme to address the
problem – and that is to install surveillance cameras within the
identified areas. As much as Php112,000 PTA fund will be spent for
CCTV installation. It’s a big amount indeed, but with big purpose too.
Note: argument on the need to take the proposed solution as mentioned
earlier in the news peg.
…
The CCTV cameras are advantageous to QNHS grounds. It
reduces fear of crimes. Numerous studies have determined the
presence of cameras in public places lessen fear of crime in people
who use the area. There is some reduced level of fear of felony
among people in CCTV areas, since people are aware that they are
under surveillance. It also encourages people to be more security
conscious. CCTV camera evidence can be compelling. In a big
school like QNHS, the long-range effects to crime prevention can be
beneficial.
NOTE: Another argument that explains why there is a necessity for
the proposed solution.
…
It is a common knowledge that some outsiders enter the campus
despite tight security measures. There is a chance that crimes such as
drug trade happen using students as couriers. There have been reports
about it, though witnesses fear to testify. In serious matters like this,
police intervention is required. The potential of a CCTV system plays
an important role in drug trade prevention; it contributes in a detection
role. Camera footage can also help identify potential witnesses who
might not otherwise come forward to the police.

NOTE: Further argument to support the proposed solution.

…
Relatively, CNN Philippines’ report for instance confirmed
that a month after 32 CCTV’s were installed at Pasig Rotonda last
May 2015, weekly theft and robbery cases in the area went down
from 50 to 10 to three cases – an 80 to 94 percent decrease. This
implies the effectiveness of surveillance cameras to lessen
untoward incidents. Thus, if CCTV cameras are fully installed in
QNHS, the same probability in reducing thefts, drug trade and
gang troubles will surely have positive result.
Note: Related incident/ reference/ statistics
…
What can be said at this juncture is that CCTV inside QNHS aids in
monitoring suspected intruders and their movements in a less intrusive
manner. So, despite some teachers negative reaction on ‘privacy matters,’
QNHS community in general finds a silent partner in curbing unlawful
incidents inside the school premises.
The Coconut staff gives its full support to this noteworthy partnership
between the PTA and the school administration hoping that not only 10, but
more CCTVs must be installed in all vantage points of the campus.

CONCLUSION AND SPECIFICATION OF SOLUTION

The I-PO-RO-SA-C pattern
• Introduction
• Point of the opposition
• Reject the point of the
opposition
• Strong arguments
• Weighing in
• Conclusion
Sample – The Coconut 2016
NEWSPEG Effective this school year, extra -
curricular activities will have no bearing in the
selection of honor students as stipulated in
DepEd Order No. 36, series of 2016 dubbed as
Policy Guidelines on Awards and Recognition
for the K to 12 Basic Education Program. This
mandate compels students to focus on their
own strengths and excel in that area leaving
behind other skills that need to be harnessed.
…
• Point of the The strongest point that this DepEd Order
rationalizes is giving equal opportunity among students
opposition to excel in relation to the standard set by the curriculum
and focus on their own performance rather than to
compete with one another. DepEd simply states that
student’ achievements in the academics are totally
separated from the extra-curricular activities.
Indeed, it sounds interesting, but it fails to
• Reject the address the potentials of honing the multi-dimensional
point of the skills of students. Students will then soar with their
opposition strengths neglecting their weaknesses. Holistic
development is on high risk.
  Simple style

Always  Sound reasoning

 Brief, exact and
concise
 One-editorial, one-
remember point rule
 Use third person’s
point of view
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism 66
  Abner L. Pureza, Editorial
Writing Journalism Caravan
2017
 Campus Journalism in the
New Generation, 2015
Edition
References  Mahrukh Cheema, Editorial
Writing
 journsociety01.word
press.com
 dreamstime.com/royalty-free-
Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism
stock-images 67
 Thank you
so much!
Evelyn B. Suarin
Paulino Dari NHS

Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism 68

 The way to get started is to
quit talking and begin doing.
Walt Disney

Enhancement-Workshop on Campus Journalism 69