Understanding Poetry

Understanding Poetry
Introductory Presentation
In poetry the sound and
meaning of words are
combined to express
feelings, thoughts, and
ideas.
The poet chooses
words carefully.
Poetry is usually written
in lines.
Poetry Elements

Writers use many elements to create their

poems. These elements include:
• Rhythm
• Sound
• Imagery
• Form
Rhythm

Rhythm is the flow of the beat

in a poem.
Gives poetry a musical feel.
Can be fast or slow,
depending on mood and
subject of poem.
You can measure rhythm in
meter, by counting the beats
in each line.
(See next two slides for
examples.)
Rhythm Example
The Pickety Fence by David McCord
The pickety fence
The pickety fence
Give it a lick it's
The pickety fence
Give it a lick it's
A clickety fence
Give it a lick it's a lickety fence
Give it a lick
Give it a lick
Give it a lick
With a rickety stick
pickety
pickety
pickety
pick. The rhythm in this poem is fast –
to match the speed of the stick
striking the fence.
Rhythm Example
Where Are You Now?
When the night begins to fall
And the sky begins to glow
You look up and see the tall
City of lights begin to grow –
In rows and little golden squares
The lights come out. First here, then there
Behind the windowpanes as though
A million billion bees had built
Their golden hives and honeycombs
The rhythm in this poem is
Above you in the air.
slow – to match the night
By Mary Britton Miller gently falling and the
lights slowly coming on.
Sound

Writers love to use interesting sounds in

their poems. After all, poems are meant to
be heard. These sound devices include:

• Rhyme
• Repetition
• Alliteration
• Onomatopoeia
 Rhyme
Rhymes are words that end with the same sound. (Hat, cat
and bat rhyme.)
Rhyming sounds don’t have to be spelled the same way.
(Cloud and allowed rhyme.)
Rhyme is the most common sound device in poetry.
 Rhyming Patterns

• Poets can choose from • AABB – lines 1 & 2 rhyme

a variety of different and lines 3 & 4 rhyme
rhyming patterns. • ABAB – lines 1 & 3 rhyme
• (See next four slides and lines 2 & 4 rhyme
for examples.) • ABBA – lines 1 & 4 rhyme
and lines 2 & 3 rhyme
• ABCB – lines 2 & 4 rhyme
and lines 1 & 3 do not
rhyme
 AABB Rhyming Pattern

First Snow

Snow makes whiteness where it falls.

The bushes look like popcorn balls.
And places where I always play,
Look like somewhere else today.
By Marie Louise Allen
ABAB Rhyming Pattern
Oodles of Noodles

I love noodles. Give me oodles.

Make a mound up to the sun.
Noodles are my favorite foodles.
I eat noodles by the ton.

By Lucia and James L. Hymes, Jr.

ABBA Rhyming Pattern
From “Bliss”

Let me fetch sticks,

Let me fetch stones,
Throw me your bones,
Teach me your tricks.
By Eleanor Farjeon
ABCB Rhyming Pattern

The Alligator

The alligator chased his tail

Which hit him in the snout;
He nibbled, gobbled, swallowed it,
And turned right inside-out.
by Mary
Macdonald
 Repetition

Repetition occurs when poets

repeat words, phrases, or lines
in a poem.
Creates a pattern.
Increases rhythm.
Strengthens feelings, ideas and
mood in a poem.
(See next slide for example.)
 Repetition Example

The Sun

Some one tossed a pancake,

A buttery, buttery, pancake.
Someone tossed a pancake
And flipped it up so high,
That now I see the pancake,
The buttery, buttery pancake,
Now I see that pancake
Stuck against the sky.
by Sandra Liatsos
 Alliteration

Alliteration is the
repetition of the first
consonant sound in
words, as in the nursery
rhyme “Peter Piper
picked a peck of pickled
peppers.”
The snake slithered silently
(See next slide for along the sunny sidewalk.
example.)
 Alliteration Example
This Tooth
I jiggled it
jaggled it
jerked it.
I pushed
and pulled
and poked it.
But –
As soon as I stopped,
And left it alone
This tooth came out
On its very own!
by Lee Bennett
Hopkins
 Onomatopoeia

Words that represent the

actual sound of something are
words of onomatopoeia. Dogs
“bark,” cats “purr,” thunder
“booms,” rain “drips,” and the
clock “ticks.”
Appeals to the sense of
sound.
(See next slide for example.)
 Onomatopoeia Example

Listen

Scrunch, scrunch, scrunch.

Crunch, crunch, crunch.
Frozen snow and brittle ice
Make a winter sound that’s nice
Underneath my stamping feet
And the cars along the street.
Scrunch, scrunch, scrunch.
Crunch, crunch, crunch.
by Margaret
Hillert
Imagery

 Imagery is the use of words

to create pictures, or images,
in your mind.
 Appeals to the five senses:
smell, sight, hearing, taste
Five Senses
and touch.
 Details about smells, sounds,
colors, and taste create
strong images.
 To create vivid images
writers use figures of speech.
Figures of Speech
Figures of speech are tools that writers use to create
images, or “paint pictures,” in your mind.
Similes, metaphors, and personification are three figures of
speech that create imagery.
 Simile

A simile compares two

things using the words
“like” or “as.”
Comparing one thing to
another creates a vivid
image.
(See next slide for
example.)
The runner streaked like a cheetah.
 Simile Example
Flint
An emerald is as green as grass,
A ruby red as blood;
A sapphire shines as blue as heaven;
A flint lies in the mud.
A diamond is a brilliant stone,
To catch the world’s desire;
An opal holds a fiery spark;
But a flint holds fire.
By Christina Rosetti
 Metaphor
A metaphor compares two things without using the words
“like” or “as.”
Gives the qualities of one thing to something that is quite
different.
(See next slide for example.)

The winter wind is a wolf

howling at the door.
 Metaphor Example

The Night is a Big Black Cat

The Night is a big black cat

The moon is her topaz eye,
The stars are the mice she hunts at night,
In the field of the sultry sky.

By G. Orr Clark
 Personification
Personification gives human traits and feelings to things
that are not human – like animals or objects.
(See next slide for example.)

The moon smiled down at me.

 Personification Example

From “Mister Sun”

Mister Sun
Wakes up at dawn,
Puts his golden
Slippers on,
Climbs the summer
Sky at noon,
Trading places
With the moon.
by J. Patrick Lewis
Forms of Poetry
Couplet
There are many forms of poetry including the:
Tercet
Acrostic
Cinquain
Haiku
Senryu
Concrete Poem
Free Verse
Limerick
Lines and Stanzas
Most poems are written March
in lines. A blue day
A group of lines in a A blue jay
poem is called a stanza.
Stanzas separate ideas And a good beginning.
in a poem. They act like
paragraphs. One crow,
This poem has two Melting snow –
stanzas. Spring’s winning!
By Eleanor Farjeon
 Couplet
A couplet is a poem, or stanza in a poem, written
in two lines.
Usually rhymes.

The Jellyfish
Who wants my jellyfish?
I’m not sellyfish!
By Ogden Nash
 Tercet
A tercet is a poem, or
stanza, written in three
lines.
Usually rhymes.
Lines 1 and 2 can rhyme;
lines 1 and 3 can rhyme;
sometimes all 3 lines
rhyme.
Winter Moon
How thin and sharp is the moon tonight!
How thin and sharp and ghostly white
Is the slim curved crook of the moon tonight!
By Langston Hughes
 Quatrain
A quatrain is a poem, or stanza, written in four lines.
The quatrain is the most common form of stanza used in
poetry.
Usually rhymes.
Can be written in variety of rhyming patterns.
(See slide 9 entitled “Rhyming Patterns.”)

The Lizard
The lizard is a timid thing
That cannot dance or fly or sing;
He hunts for bugs beneath the floor
And longs to be a dinosaur.
By John Gardner
 Traditional Cinquain

A cinquain is a poem written

in five lines that do not
rhyme.
Traditional cinquain has five
lines containing 22 syllables
in the following pattern:
Line 1 – 2 syllables Oh, cat
Line 2 – 4 syllables
Line 3 – 6 syllables are you grinning
Line 4 – 8 syllables curled in the window seat
Line 5 – 2 syllables as sun warms you this December
morning?
By Paul B. Janezco
 Word-Count Cinquain
Word-count cinquain for younger
students uses the following pattern:
Line 1: One word (title)
Line 2: Two words (describe the
title)
Line 3: Three words (describe an
action)
Line 4: Four words (describe a
feeling) Owl
Line 5: One word (another word for Swift, ferocious
title)
Watches for food
Soaring through the night
Hunter
 Diamante
A diamante is a seven-line poem written in the shape
of a diamond. Diamante Pattern
Does not rhyme. Line 1 – Your topic (noun)
Follows pattern.
Line 2 – Two adjectives about
Can use synonyms or antonyms.
Line 3 – Three “ing” words about
(See next two slides for examples.)
Line 4 – Four nouns or short
phrase linking topic (or topics)
Line 5 – Three “ing” words about
Line 5 – Two adjectives about
Line 7 – Your ending topic (noun)
 Synonym Diamante

Monsters
Creepy, sinister,
Hiding, lurking, stalking,
Vampires, mummies, werewolves and more –
Chasing, pouncing eating,
Hungry, scary,
Creatures
 Antonym Diamante

Day
Bright, sunny,
Laughing, playing, doing,
Up in the east, down in the west –
Talking, resting, sleeping,
Quiet, dark,
Night
 Haiku
A haiku is a Japanese poem with 3 lines of 5, 7, and 5
syllables. (Total of 17 syllables.)
Does not rhyme.
Is about an aspect of nature or the seasons.
Captures a moment in time.

Little frog among

rain-shaken leaves, are you, too,
splashed with fresh, green paint?
by Gaki
 Senryu
A senryu follows same pattern as haiku.
Written in 3 unrhymed lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables, with
total of 17 syllables.
Is about human nature, rather than natural world.

First day, new school year,

backpack harbors a fossil…
last June’s cheese sandwich.

By Cristine O’Connell George

 Concrete Poem

A concrete poem (also

called shape poem) is
written in the shape of its
subject.
The way the words are
arranged is as important
what they mean.
Does not have to rhyme.
 Free Verse

Revenge
• A free verse poem
When I find out
does not use rhyme or who took
patterns. the last cooky
• Can vary freely in out of the jar
and left
length of lines, me a bunch of
stanzas, and subject. stale old messy
crumbs, I'm
going to take
me a handful
and crumb
up someone's bed.

By Myra Cohn Livingston

 Acrostic
In an acrostic poem the first letter of each line,
read down the page, spells the subject of the
poem.
Type of free verse poem.
Does not usually rhyme.

Loose brown parachute

Escaping
And
Floating on puffs of air.
by Paul Paolilli
 Limerick

A limerick is a funny
poem of 5 lines.
Lines 1, 2 & 5 rhyme.
Lines 3 & 4 are shorter
and rhyme. There Seems to Be a Problem
Line 5 refers to line 1.
I really don’t know about Jim.
Limericks are a kind of
When he comes to our farm for a swim,
nonsense poem.
The fish as a rule,
jump out of the pool.
Is there something the matter with him?
By John Ciardi
Nonsense Poems

A nonsense poem is a
humorous poem with silly
characters and actions. It
is meant to be fun.
Can be written as a
limerick or as another form
A Princess Laments
of poetry.
I kissed a frog because I’d heard
That it would turn into a prince.
That’s not exactly what occurred,
And I’ve been croaking ever since.
by Jack Prelutsky
Word Play
Some poets use a special kind of word play by
making up words or misspelling them on purpose.

The Walrus
The pounding spatter
Of salty sea
Makes the walrus
Walrusty.
By Douglas Florian
 Hello!
Voice Hi!

“Voice” is the speaker in a poem. The speaker

can be the poet himself or a character he created
in the poem. There can be one speaker or many
speakers.

Poet as speaker (slides 47-49)

Human character in poem as speaker (slide 50)
Object or animal as speaker (slides 51-52)
More than one speaker (slides 53-54)
Voice: Poet as Speaker
The Wind

Who has seen the wind?

Neither I nor you:
But when the leaves hang trembling
The wind is passing thro’.
Who has seen the wind?
Neither you nor I:
But when the trees bow down their heads,
The wind is passing by.
In this poem, the poet
by Christina Rosetti speaks of her feelings
about the power of the
wind.
 Voice: Poet as Speaker
The Sugar Lady

There is an old lady who lives down the hall,

Wrinkled and gray and toothless and small.
At seven already she’s up,
Going from door to door with a cup.
“Do you have any sugar?” she asks,
Although she’s got more than you.
“Do you have any sugar?” she asks,
Hoping you’ll talk for a minute or two.
by Frank Asch
In this poem, the poet tells
a story about a lonely old
woman hoping to talk.
Voice: Poet as Speaker
Clouds

White sheep, white sheep,

On a blue hill,
When the wind stops
You all stand still.
When the wind blows
You walk away slow.
White sheet, white sheep, In this poem, the poet speaks to
Where do you go? clouds - something that cannot
answer back. She uses a
by Christina metaphor when she calls the
Rosetti clouds “white sheep.”
Voice: Human Character as Speaker
For Keeps

We had a tug of war today

Old March Wind and I.
He tried to steal my new red kite
That Daddy helped me fly.
He huffed and puffed.
I pulled so hard
And held that string so tight
Old March Wind gave up at last
And let me keep my kite. In this poem, the voice is
that of a child flying a kite
by Jean Conder Soule on a windy day. The child
is the character in the
poem.
Voice: Object as Speaker
Crayon Dance

The cardboard ceiling lifts

Pickmepickmepickme, I pray
The fingers do! They choose me,
Sky Blue!
Hurrah! Hooray!
by April Halprin In this poem, the voice is that
Wayland of a blue crayon, happy to be
picked by the artist. The
crayon is the character in the
poem.
Voice: Animal as Speaker
Turtle in July

Heavy
Heavy hot
Heavy hot hangs
Thick sticky
Icky
But I lie
Nose high
Cool pool
No fool In this poem, the voice is that of a
A turtle in July turtle keeping cool on a hot July
day. The turtle is the character in
by Marilyn Singer the poem.
Voice: Two Speakers
I Talk With the Moon

I talk with the moon, said the owl

While she lingers over my tree
I talk with the moon, said the owl
And the night belongs to me.

I talk with the sun said the wren There are two voices in this
poem. In the first stanza the
As soon as he starts to shine
voice is that of the night-time
I talk with the sun, said the wren owl. In the second stanza the
And the day is mine. voice is that of the day-time
By Beverly wren.
McLoughland
 Voice: Multiple Speakers
Monster Mothers
By Florence Parry Heide
“Mine’s as scaly
When monster mothers get together as a fish.”
They brag about their babies. “Mine is sort of
The other day I heard one say,
yellowish.”
“He’s got his very first fang today!”
“Mine is ugly.” “Mine breathes fire
“Mine is mean.” and smoke and such.”
“Mine is turning “Mine has skin
nice and green.”
you’d hate to touch.”

In this poem, there are many voices. The

speakers are the monster mothers describing their
babies.
Author’s Purpose

The poet has an “author’s purpose” when he writes a poem.

The purpose can be to:
Share feelings (joy, sadness, anger, fear, loneliness)
Tell a story
Send a message (theme - something to think about)
Be humorous
Provide description* (e.g., person, object, concept)

*Although description is important in all poems, the focus of some poems is

the description itself rather than feelings, story-telling, message, or humor.
Author’s Purpose: Share Feelings
When I Was Lost
Underneath my belt
My stomach was a stone.
Sinking was the way I felt.
And hollow.
And alone.
By Dorothy Aldis The author’s purpose is to
share her feelings about
being lost and scared.
 Author’s Purpose: Tell Story
Jimmy Jet By Shel Silverstein
And his brains turned into TV tubes,
I'll tell you the story of Jimmy Jet – And his face to a TV screen.
And you know what I tell you is true. And two knobs saying “VERT.” and “HORIZ.”
He loved to watch his TV set Grew where his ears had been.
Almost as much as you.
And he grew a plug that looked like a tail
He watched all day,he watched all night So we plugged in little Jim.
Till he grew pale and lean, And now instead of him watching TV
From "The Early Show" to “The Late Late Show” We all sit around and watch him.
And all the shows between.

He watched till his eyes were frozen wide,

And his bottom grew into his chair.
And his chin turned into a tuning dial,
And antennae grew out of his hair.

The author’s purpose is to tell the story of a

boy who watched too much television.
Author’s Purpose: Send Message
Share the Adventure
Pages and pages
A seesaw of ideas –
Share the adventure
Fiction, nonfiction:
Door to our past and future
Swinging back and forth
WHAM! The book slams shut, The author’s purpose is to
But we read it together send a serious message.
With our minds open
The message, or theme, is
by Patricia and Frederick McKissack
that reading is an adventure
that can be shared.
Author’s Purpose: Be Humorous
Insides

I’m very grateful to my skin

For keeping all my insides in –
I do so hate to think about
What I would look like inside-out.
By Colin West
The author’s purpose is
to write a humorous poem
about the purpose of skin.
Author’s Purpose: Be Descriptive
Me by Karla Kuskin
“My nose is blue,
My teeth are green,
My face is like a soup tureen.
I look just like a lima bean.
I’m very, very lovely.
My feet are far too short
And long.
My hands are left and right
And wrong.
My voice is like the hippo’s song.
I’m very, very,
Very, very,
Very, very The author’s purpose is to
Lovely?” describe a strange-looking
person.
Author’s Purpose: Be Descriptive
Vacuum Cleaner

Roars over carpet

zig-zag-zips
sucking up fuzz
through metal lips.
By Dee Lillegard

The author’s purpose is to

describe an object – a vacuum
cleaner.
Author’s Purpose: Be Descriptive
Beetles

Emerald, ruby, turquoise blue,

Beatles come in every hue:
Beetles that pinch or sting or bite,
Tiger beetles that claw and fight,
Beetles whose burnished armor gleams,
Whirligig beetles that dance on streams,
Antlered beetles in staglike poses,
Beetles that smell – and not like roses,
Others that click like castanets, The author’s purpose is
That dig or swim or zoom like jets, to describe a variety of
Hard as coffee beans, brown as leather, beetles.
Or shimmering bright as a peacock feather!
By Ethel Jacobson
Author’s Purpose: Be Descriptive
Understanding

Sun
And rain
And wind
And storms
And thunder go together.
There has to be a bit of each
To make the weather. The author’s purpose is to
describe a concept – weather.
By Myra Cohn
Livingston
Mood
Mood is the atmosphere, or
emotion, in the poem created
by the poet.
Can be happy, angry, silly,
sad, excited, fearful or
thoughtful.
Poet uses words and images
to create mood.
Author’s purpose helps
determine mood.
(See slides 65-72 for
examples.)
Mood - Barefoot Days
Barefoot Days by Rachel Field
In the morning, very early,
That’s the time I love to go
Barefoot where the fern grows curly
And grass is cool between each toe,
On a summer morning-O!
On a summer morning!
That is when the birds go by
Up the sunny slopes of air,
And each rose has a butterfly
Or a golden bee to wear;
And I am glad in every toe –
Such a summer morning-O!
Such a summer morning! The mood in this poem is
happy. What clues in the
poem can you use to
determine the mood?
Mood - Mad Song
Mad Song

I shut my door
To keep you out
Won’t do no good
To stand and shout
Won’t listen to
A thing you say
Just time you took
Yourself away
I lock my door
To keep me here
Until I’m sure The mood in this poem is
You disappear. angry. What clues in the
By Myra Cohn Livingston poem can you use to
determine the mood?
Mood - Poem

Poem
I loved my friend.
He went away from me.
There’s nothing more to say.
The poem ends,
Soft as it began –
I loved my friend:
By Langston Hughes
The mood in this poem is
sad. What clues in the
poem can you use to
determine the mood?
Mood - Something is There
Something is There
Something is there
there on the stair
coming down
coming down
stepping with care.
Coming down
coming down
slinkety-sly.
Something is coming and wants to get by.
By Lilian Moore The mood in this poem
is fearful. What clues in
the poem can you use to
determine the mood?
Mood - Joyful

Joyful

A summer day is full of ease,

a bank is full of money,
our lilac bush is full of bees,
And I am full of honey.
By Rose Burgunder
The mood in this poem is
happy. What clues in the
poem can you use to
determine the mood?
Mood - Foghorns

Foghorns
The foghorns moaned
in the bay last night
so sad
so deep
I thought I heard the city
crying in its sleep.
By Lilian Moore
The mood in this poem is sad.
What clues in the poem can you
use to determine the mood?
Mood - Magic Landscape
Magic Landscape

Shall I draw a magic landscape?

In the genius of my fingers
I hold the seeds.
Can I grow a painting like a flower?
Can I sculpture a future without
weeds?

By Joyce Carol Thomas The mood in this poem is

thoughtful. What clues in
the poem can you use to
determine the mood?
Mood - Higglety, Pigglety, Pop

Higglety, Pigglety, Pop!

Higglety, Pigglety, Pop!

The dog has eaten the mop;
The pig’s in a hurry,
The cat’s in a flurry,
Higglety, Pigglety, Pop!
By Samuel Goodrich

The mood in this poem is

silly. What clues in the
poem can you use to
determine the mood?
 Reading for Meaning
To find meaning in a poem, readers ask questions as they read. There are
many things to pay attention to when reading a poem:
Title – Provides clues about – topic, mood, speaker, author’s purpose?
Rhythm – Fast or slow? Why?
Sound Devices – What effects do they have?
Imagery – What pictures do we make in our minds?
Figures of Speech – What do they tell us about the subject?
Voice – Who is speaking - poet or character; one voice or more?
Author’s Purpose – Sending message, sharing feelings, telling story,
being funny, being descriptive?
Mood – Happy, sad, angry, thoughtful, silly, excited, frightened?
Plot – What is happening in the poem?
Remember, to make meaning, readers must make connections and tap
into their background knowledge and prior experiences as they read.
 Poetry
What is poetry? Who knows?
Not a rose, but the scent of a rose;
Not the sky, but the light in the sky;
Not the fly, but the gleam of the fly;
Not the sea, but the sound of the sea;
Not myself, but what makes me
See, hear, and feel something that prose
Cannot: and what it is, who knows?
By Eleanor
Farjeon
 Mass. Frameworks Poets
Click on the following link to access
poems written by poets suggested in
the Massachusetts English
Language Arts Curriculum
Frameworks (Grades 3-5).

Poetry Frameworks - Poets

Poets include: Rosemary and Stephen
Vincent Benet, Lewis Caroll, John
Ciardi, Rachel Field, Robert Frost,
Langston Hughes, Edward Lear,
Myra Cohn Livingston, David
McCord, A. A. Milne, Ogden Nash,
Laura Richards, and Henry
Wadsworth Longfellow for Grade 5.
Acknowledgements
Books:
Cobwebs, Chatters, and Chills: A Collection of Scary Poems. Compiled and
annotated by Patricia M. Stockland. Minneapolis, MS: Compass Point Books, 2004.
Dirty Laundry Pile: Poems in Different Voices. Selected by Paul B. Janeczko. New
York: HarperCollins, 2001.
Easy Poetry Lessons that Dazzle and Delight. Harrison, David L. NY: Scholastic
Professional Books, 1999.
Favorite Poems: Old and New. Selected by Helen Ferris. NY: Doubleday. 1957.
A Kick in the Head: An Everyday Guide to Poetic Forms. Selected by Paul B.
Janeczko. Boston, MA: Candlewick Press, 2005.
Knock at a Star: A Child’s Introduction to Poetry. Kennedy, X. J. and Kennedy,
Dorothy M. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1999.
Pass the Poetry, Please. Hopkins, Lee Benett. New York: Harper Collins, 1998.
Poem Making: Ways to Begin Writing Poetry. Livingston, Myra Cohn. New York:
Harper Collins,1991.
Poetry from A to Z. Janeczko, Paul B. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.
Poetry Place Anthology: More Than 600 Poems for All Occasions. NY: Scholastic
Professional Books, 1983.
Acknowledgements
Books (Continued):
Random House Book of Poetry: A Treasury of 572 Poems for Today’s Child.
Selected by Jack Prelutsky. NY: Random House, 1983.
Recess, Rhyme, and Reason: A Collection of Poems About School. Compiled and
annotated by Patricia M. Stockland. Minneapolis, MS: Compass Point Books, 2004.
Teaching 10 Fabulous Forms of Poetry: Great Lessons, Brainstorming Sheets, and
Organizers for Writing Haiku, Limericks, Cinquains, and Other Kinds of Poetry
Kids Love. Janeczko, Paul B. NY: Scholastic Professional Books, 2000.
Tomie DePaola’s Book of Poems. Selected by Tomie DePaola. NY: G.P. Putnam’s
Sons, 1988.
The Twentieth Century Children’s Poetry Treasury. Selected by Jack Prelutsky. NY:
Alfred A. Knopf, 1999.
Weather: Poems. Selected by Lee Bennett Hopkins. NY: HarperCollins, 1994.
Writing Poetry with Children. Monterey, CA: Evan-Moor Corp., 1999.
Acknowledgements
Clip Art and Images Resources:
Awesomeclipartforkids.com
http://www.awesomeclipartforkids.com/
Barrysclipart.com
http://www.barrysclipart.com/D
Bible Picture Clip Art Gallery
www.biblepicturegallery.com
The Bullwinkle Show; Bullwinkle’s Corner clip art
Located at www.google.com
Clipartheaven.com
http://www.clipartheaven.com/
Discovery School
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/
DK.com
http://uk.dk.com/static/cs/uk/11/clipart/home.html
Geocities.com
http://www.geo.yahoo.com
Hasslefreeclipart.com
http://www.hasslefreeclipart.com/
Microsoft Office Clip Art
http://office.microsoft.com/clipart/
PBS.org
http://www.pbs.org/
Readwritethink.org
http://www.readwritethink.org/