Learner Centered Psychological Principles Child Ado

LEARNER-CENTERED
PSYCHOLOGICAL
PRINCIPLES
BY: JOHN CHRISTIAN C. SEÑORAN
INTRODUCTION:
Psychology plays a very important role in
understanding the teaching and learning
process.Many innovations in the learning
process have been made possible because
of the contributions of psychology.
Psychology is a branch of science that
studies human behavior, and helps
educators and teachers to understand the
nature of diversity of learners.
Teachers are now more confident and
competent to teach because of a deep
understanding of their learners. They
can facilitate learning according to
the learners’ needs. History has
been witnessed as to how
concepts, informations, and studies in
psychology have helped immensely in
understanding the nature of the
human being.
They are bases for innovations and
reforms in teaching. Teaching
strategies aremade more
appropriate for every learner. Part of
human nature is learning, which has
been made interesting because of
the application of knowledge
obtained from psychology. Studies
are continuously undertaken to
enhance knowledge about the
teaching and learning process.
In the early 1990s, the American Psychological
Association (APA) appointed a group, a Task
Force on Psychology in Education, to conduct
further studies in both psychology and
education.The purpose of this group was to
conduct studies that could further enhance the
current understanding of educators on the
nature of the learners about the teaching
and learning process. The end goal was to
improve the existing school practices so that
learning becomes more meaningful to all kinds
of learners.
The 14 Learner-Centered
Psychological Principles are
categorized as follows: (1) Cognitive
and Metacognitive Factors; (2)
Motivational and Affective; (3)
Developmental and Social; and (4)
Individual Difference Factors. All
these principles influence the
teaching and learning process (APA,
1997).
COGNITIVE FACTORS
Refers to the mental processes
the learners undergo as they
process information. The way
learners think about their
thinking as they engage in mental
tasks is the concern of the
metacognitive factors.
1. NATURE OF LEARNING
PROCESS
• The learning of complex
subject matter is most effective
when it is an intentional
process of constructing
meaning from information and
experience.
2. GOALS OF THE LEARNING
PROCESS
The successful learner, over
time and with support and
instructional guidance, can
create meaningful, coherent
representations of knowledge.
3. CONSTRUCTION OF
KNOWLEDGE
The successful learner can link
new information with existing
knowledge in meaningful ways.
4. STRATEGIC THINKING
The successful learner can
create and use a repertoire of
thinking and reasoning strategies
to achieve complex learning
goals.
5. THINKING ABOUT
THINKING
Higer-order strategies for
selecting and monitoring mental
operations facilitate creative and
think critically.
6. CONTEXT OF LEARNING
Learning is influenced by
environmental factor, including
culture, technology, and
instructional practices.
MOTIVATIONAL AND
EFFECTIVE FACTORS
How the learners push themselves and
how they value learning are the concerns
of the motivational factors. Meanwhile,
the affective factors relate to the attitude,
feelings, and emotions that learners put
into the learning task.

1. MOTIVATIONAL AND
EMOTIONAL INFLUENCES ON
LEARNING
What and how much are

influenced by the learner’s
motivation.
2. INTRINSIC MOTIVATION
TO LEARN
The learner’s creativity, higher-
order thinking and natural
curiousity all contribute to the
motivation to learn.
3. EFFECTS OF MOTIVATION
ON EFFORT
Acquisition of sophisticated
knowledge and skills require’s
extensive learner’s effort and
guided practice.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND
SOCIAL FACTORS
Development and social factors
as well as individual differences
are considered as critical factors
in the capacity of learners to
engage in learning. These
principle includes the following:
1. DEVELOPMENTAL
INFLUENCES ON LEARNING
As individuals develop, there
are different opportunities and
constraints for learning.
2. SOCIAL INFLUENCES ON
LEARNING
Learning is influenced by social
interactions, interpersonal
relations, and communication
with others.
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
FACTORS
1. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
IN LEARNING
Learners have different
strategiest, approaches, and
capabilities for learning that are a
function of prior experience
heredity.
2. LEARNING AND
DIVERSITY
Learning is most effective when
differences in learners linguistics,
cultural and social backgrounds
are taken into account.
3. STANDARDS AND
ASSESSMENT
Setting appropriately high
andchallenging standards and
assessing the learner as well as
the learning progress- including
diaognostic, prcess, and
outhcome assessments are,
Integral parts of the learning
process.
REFERENCE:
Studocu. (n.d.). Learner - Centered
Psychological Principles - Course
title : Facilitating Learner – Centered
- StudoCu.
https://www.studocu.com/ph/docum
ent/xavier-university-ateneo-de-
cagayan/psychology/learner-
centered-psychological-principles/
13781607?origin=home-recent-1

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LEARNER-CENTERED

how they value learning are the concerns

of the motivational factors. Meanwhile,

the affective factors relate to the attitude,

feelings, and emotions that learners put

into the learning task.

What and how much are

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