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    Hip Joint.

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    Rida fatima
    The hip joint is a ball and socket joint formed between the femoral head and the acetabulum. It is a stable joint due to its structure and the strong ligaments that cross it. The hip allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Key muscles facilitate each motion. Common injuries include fractures, contusions, and strains often due to repetitive high loads or falls. Nerve injuries can also cause pain in the hip region.

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    Hip Joint.

    Uploaded by

    Rida fatima
    34 views32 pages
    The hip joint is a ball and socket joint formed between the femoral head and the acetabulum. It is a stable joint due to its structure and the strong ligaments that cross it. The hip allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Key muscles facilitate each motion. Common injuries include fractures, contusions, and strains often due to repetitive high loads or falls. Nerve injuries can also cause pain in the hip region.

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    hip joint musculoskeletan management

    Original Title

    HIP JOINT.

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    The hip joint is a ball and socket joint formed between the femoral head and the acetabulum. It is a stable joint due to its structure and the strong ligaments that cross it. The hip allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Key muscles facilitate each motion. Common injuries include fractures, contusions, and strains often due to repetitive high loads or falls. Nerve injuries can also cause pain in the hip region.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    34 views32 pages

    Hip Joint.

    Uploaded by

    Rida fatima
    The hip joint is a ball and socket joint formed between the femoral head and the acetabulum. It is a stable joint due to its structure and the strong ligaments that cross it. The hip allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Key muscles facilitate each motion. Common injuries include fractures, contusions, and strains often due to repetitive high loads or falls. Nerve injuries can also cause pain in the hip region.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 32

    HIP JOINT

    Structure of the Hip

    What is the hip joint?


    • A ball and socket joint
    • where the head of the femur articulates

    with the concave acetabulum


    • A more stable joint than the shoulder
    because of bone structure and the
    number and strength of the muscles
    and ligaments crossing the joint
    INTRODUCTION

    • One of the largest and most stable joint:


    • Rigid ball-and-socket configuration
    (Intrinsic stability)
    iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments
    and the ligamentum teres
    Structure of the Hip

    Iliofemoral (Y)
    Iliofemoral
    ligament
    ligament
    Pubofemoral
    ligament
    Ischium
    Femur
    Ischium
    Ischiofemoral Femur
    ligament

    Posterior view Anterior view

    The integrity of the hip is enhanced by


    the strong ligaments crossing the joint.
    ACETABULUM
    • Concave component of ball and
    socket joint

    • Covered with articular


    cartilage .Provide static stability.
    ACETABULUM

    • Facing;
    1. Anterior
    2. Inferiorly
    3. Laterally

    • Fibrocartilage nous rim


    • Acetabular labrum
    • Central portion: Non-Articular
    ACETABULUM

    • Labrum: a flat rim of


    fibro cartilage

    • Transverse acetabular
    ligament
    THE FEMORAL HEAD

    • Femoral head : convex component


    • Two-third of a sphere
    • Cover with cartilage
    • Rydell (1965) suggested : most load----- superior quadrant

    1. Anteriorly
    2. Medially
    3. superiorly
    THE FEMORAL NECK

    • Frontal plane (the neck-to-shaft angle)

    • Transverse plane (the angle of anteversion)


    • Neck-to-shaft angle :
    125º, vary from 90º to 135º

    • Effect : lever arms


    NECK-TO-SHAFT ANGLE & ABDUCTOR MUSCLE
    FORCE
    • Angle of anteversion :12º

    • Effect : during gait


    • >12º :internal rotation
    • <12º :external rotation
    KINEMATICS
    • Hip motion takes place in all three planes:
    • sagittal (flexion-extension)
    • frontal (abduction-adduction)
    • transverse (internal-external rotation)

    • Muscle, ligament and configuration…


    asymmetric
    KINEMATICS

    • Rang of motion : sagittal, frontal, transverse

    0~140 0~15 0~30 0~25


    0~90 0~70
    Structure of the Hip

    Sacrum

    Ilium
    Acetabulum
    Femoral
    head

    Pubis
    Ischium

    Femur

    The pelvic girdle includes the two ilia and the


    sacrum. It can be rotated forward, backward,
    and laterally to optimize positioning of the hip.
    Ligaments and Bursae
    •Iliofemoral ligament: Y shaped extremely
    strong= anterior stability
    •Pubofemoral ligament: anterior stability
    •Ischiofemoral ligament: posterior stability
    •Ligamentum teres
    •Ligaments help to twist the head of femur into the
    socket during extension movements
    •Iliopsoas bursa
    •Deep trochanteric bursa
    Movements at the Hip

    What movements of the femur are


    facilitated by pelvic tilt?
    Pelvic tilt direction Femoral movement
    posterior flexion
    anterior extension
    lateral (to opposite abduction
    side)
    Movements at the Hip

    FLEXION

    • iliacus
    • Psoas Major
    • Assisted by:
    • Pectineus
    • Rectus femoris
    • Sartorius
    • Tensor fascia latae
    Movements at the Hip

    EXTENSION

    •Gluteus maximus: in the hip joint is responsible for maintaining


    proper biomechanical function of the lower body during walking
    and running in order to prevent injuries at the hip, knee, and ankle
    •Hamstrings
    • Biceps Femoris
    • Semimembranosus
    • Semitendinosus
    Movements at the Hip

    ABDUCTION

    • gluteus medius
    • assisted by:
    • gulteus minimus
    Movements at the Hip

    ADDUCTION

    • adductor magnus
    • adductor longus
    • adductor brevis
    • assisted by:
    • gracilis
    Movements at the Hip

    LATERAL ROTATION

    •Piriformis
    •Gemellus superior
    •Gemellus inferior
    •Obturator internus
    •Obturator externus
    •Quadratus femoris
    • ITB(fibrous tissue band) and its associated muscles is to extend,
    abduct, and laterally rotate the hip
    Movements at the Hip
    MEDIAL ROTATION
    1/3 of strength as compared to lateral rotators

    • gluteus minimus
    •Assisted by:
    • TFL
    • Semimembranosus
    • Semitendinosus
    • Gluteus medius
    LOADS ON THE HIP

    •Highly specialized and well designed


    •Compressive forces
    •Amount of load
    •Effect of speed
    •Foot wear
    •Training surface
    COMMON INJURIES OF
    THE HIP
    Fractures
    • Hip is subjected to high repetitive loads---4-7
    times the body weight during locomotion
    • Fractures of femoral neck…???
    • Loss of balance and fall
    • Common misconception
    • Regular physical activity
    Injuries contd…

    CONTUSIONS
    •Anterior aspect muscles--- prime
    location for direct injury
    •Contact sports
    •Internal hemorrhaging
    •Appearance of bruises= mild to severe
    Injuries contd…

    STRAINS
    •Hamstring strain
    •Groin Strain
    NERVE INJURY PAIN

    • L3 Spinal level: groin- thigh to knee


    • Sciatic nerve: deep to piriformis
    • Obturator nerve: damage during labor
    • Femoral nerve: # of upper femur, congenital dislocation,
    forceps labor and delivery

    • LI,L2,L3,S1 & S2
    • Lumber intervertebral and SIJ

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