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    Fundamental Starting Position

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    Shobhit Saini
    Tells about the starting position like standing, sitting,lying and hanging about how make and adjust them

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    Fundamental Starting Position

    Uploaded by

    Shobhit Saini
    60 views28 pages
    Tells about the starting position like standing, sitting,lying and hanging about how make and adjust them

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Tells about the starting position like standing, sitting,lying and hanging about how make and adjust them

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    60 views28 pages

    Fundamental Starting Position

    Uploaded by

    Shobhit Saini
    Tells about the starting position like standing, sitting,lying and hanging about how make and adjust them

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    DR.

    PRITAM SINGHA
    ⚫ Posture follows movement like a shadow; every
    movement begins in posture & ends in posture. –
    Sherrington.
    ⚫ Starting position – a posture from which movement is
    initiated which may be active or passive in character.
    ⚫ 5 basic starting positions –
    ⚫ Standing
    ⚫ Kneeling
    ⚫ Sitting
    ⚫ Lying
    ⚫ Hanging
    ⚫ All other positions are derived from them.
    ⚫ In this positions, equilibrium & stability is maintained
    by balance of forces acting on body. The muscular
    force used is isometric.
    ⚫ The strength & distribution of this contraction is
    controlled by a series of reflexes known as postural
    reflexes.
    ⚫ Most difficult
    fundamental position to
    maintain, as body must
    be balanced &
    stabilized on small base
    by co- ordinated work
    of many muscle
    groups.
    POSITION
    Heels Together, in same line, toes slightly apart
    Knees Together & straight
    Hips Extended & slightly laterally rotated
    Pelvis Balanced on femoral heads
    Spine Stretched to maximum length
    Vertex Thrust upwards, ears leveled & eyes look straight forward
    Shoulders Down & back
    Arm Hang loosely to sides
    Palm Facing inwards towards body
    MUSCLE WORK
    ⚫ Muscle work required to maintain the position varies
    with circumstances.
    ⚫ ↓ when body segment is in good alignment & perfectly
    balanced; ↑ by faulty alignment or by external forces
    that disturbs equilibrium.
    ⚫ To hold the position, antigravity muscles of trunk & lower
    limb work isometrically.
    Intrinsic muscles of feet Stabilizes feet
    Prevents toe curling
    Plantarflexors Balances lower leg on foot
    Dorsiflexors Counterbalances action of
    plantarflexors Support medial
    longitudinal arch of foot
    Evertors Counterbalances action of
    invertors Presses ball of great toe
    on ground
    Knee extensors Works slightly
    Hip extensors Maintains hip extension
    Balances pelvis on femoral heads
    Hip lateral rotators (slight action) Bracing of legs & foot arches
    Spine extensors Keeps the trunk upright

    Lumbar flexors (abdominal) Prevents over action of


    lumbar extensors
    Maintain correct angle of
    pelvic tilt
    Supports abdominal viscera

    Pre-vertebral neck muscles Controls extensive neck extension


    Straightens cervical spine

    Flexors/extensors of atlanto-occipital Works reciprocally to balance head


    joint

    Elevators of mandible Closes the mouth

    Scapular retractors Draws the scapulae backward


    (glenoid cavity faces laterally)
    Arms Relaxed
    EFFECTS & USES
    ⚫ Relatively small base
    ⚫ High COG
    ⚫ State of equilibrium – less stable (than other
    fundamental positions)
    ⚫ So suitable for exercise for those who can maintain it
    correctly.
    ⚫ Attaining & holding standing posture – reduces fatigue &
    conditions postural reflexes.
    ⚫ Position of alertness
    ⚫ Thorax is free & abdominal viscera is well supported.
    ⚫ Associated with feeling of joy & efficiency.
    ⚫ The position of arms, legs or trunk is altered in
    fundamental position to modify effect of position or
    to start exercises.

    Purpose :-
    ⚫ To increase or decrease size & stability of the base
    ⚫ To raise or lower COG
    ⚫ To ensure maximum local or general relaxation
    ⚫ To control or fix the particular part of body to
    have localized movement
    ⚫ To increase or decrease muscle work
    ⚫ To increase or decrease leverage
    ⚫ To provide convenient position to start exercise
    BY ALTERATION OF THE ARMS
    Wing standing
    Low wing standing
    Bend standing
    Reach standing
    Yard standing
    Stretch standing
    BY ALTERATION OF THE LEGS
    Close standing
    Toe standing
    Stride standing
    Walk standing
    Half standing

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