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    Hinduism 5

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    ashleydemiar7
    Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world originating in India over 4,000 years ago. It is based on a variety of scriptures including the Vedas containing hymns and rituals and the epics Ramayana and Mahabharata. Hindus believe in an ultimate reality called Brahman and worship three main gods - Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. Hindus seek to escape the cycle of rebirth through moksha by living an ethical life according to their caste and practicing rituals, yoga, and devotion to their chosen deity.

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    Hinduism 5

    Uploaded by

    ashleydemiar7
    22 views41 pages
    Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world originating in India over 4,000 years ago. It is based on a variety of scriptures including the Vedas containing hymns and rituals and the epics Ramayana and Mahabharata. Hindus believe in an ultimate reality called Brahman and worship three main gods - Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. Hindus seek to escape the cycle of rebirth through moksha by living an ethical life according to their caste and practicing rituals, yoga, and devotion to their chosen deity.

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    Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world originating in India over 4,000 years ago. It is based on a variety of scriptures including the Vedas containing hymns and rituals and the epics Ramayana and Mahabharata. Hindus believe in an ultimate reality called Brahman and worship three main gods - Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. Hindus seek to escape the cycle of rebirth through moksha by living an ethical life according to their caste and practicing rituals, yoga, and devotion to their chosen deity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    22 views41 pages

    Hinduism 5

    Uploaded by

    ashleydemiar7
    Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world originating in India over 4,000 years ago. It is based on a variety of scriptures including the Vedas containing hymns and rituals and the epics Ramayana and Mahabharata. Hindus believe in an ultimate reality called Brahman and worship three main gods - Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. Hindus seek to escape the cycle of rebirth through moksha by living an ethical life according to their caste and practicing rituals, yoga, and devotion to their chosen deity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 41

    HINDUISM

    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    Hindu - originated from the Persian word hindu
    which means “river”.
    -also refers to the people of the Indus Valley -
    the Indians
    Hinduism- to describe the wide array of belief systems
    in India
    -was originally known as “Arya Dharma” or the
    “Aryan Way”
    SACRED SCRIPTURE

    -passed down throughout generation


    by way of music, recitation, dance,
    and drama.
    -Sanskrit (language)
    2 Classes: Shruti and Smriti
    SHRUTI
    -literally means “that which is heard”
    -passed orally until there came a need to
    write them down.
    Other writings: Samhitas, Brahmanas,
    Upshinads, and a few Sutras.
    VEDAS
    Veda- “knowledge”
    Four Basic Vedic Books:
    • Rig-veda
    •Sama-veda
    •Yajur-veda
    •Atharva-veda
    VEDAS
    -earliest known Sanskrit literature from
    the Brahmanic period and oldest
    scriptures of Hinduism.
    • Rig-Veda
    -is the most important and oldest
    book.
    -oldest living religious literature of
    the world.
    -a collection of over a thousand
    hymns and more than thousand
    verses dedicated to the Aryan
    pantheon gods.
    GODS AND GODESSES PERSONIFICATION OR
    ATTRIBUTES
    Indra leader of the devas or gods
    Agri god of fire; messenger of gods
    Mitra diety for honesty, friendship,
    contracts, and meetings
    Varuna god of the water
    Rudra diety of wind and storm
    Vayu lord of the winds
    • Yajur-Veda
    -”knowledge of rites”
    -is a compilation of
    materials recited
    during rituals and
    sacrifices to deities.
    • Sama-Veda
    -”knowledge of chants”
    -is a collection of
    verses from the basic
    hymns recited by
    priests during
    sacrifices.
    • Atharva-Veda
    -”knowledge given
    by the sage Atharva”
    -contains rituals
    used in homes and
    popular prayers to
    gods.
    Each Vedas contain 4 main parts:
    •Mantras
    •Brahmanas
    •Aranyakas
    •Upanishads
    •Mantras - hymns and
    chants for praising god.
    •Brahmanas- explanations
    of the mantras
    •Aranyakas- meditations that
    explicate their meaning
    •Upanishads- literally translates
    ‘’sitting close to’’ as it implies
    listening intently to the mystic
    teachings of a spiritual teacher who
    has fully understood the universal
    truths.
    SHMRITI
    -literally means “that which has been
    remembered”
    -interpreted by sages and scholars
    -stories, legends, codes of conduct for
    the society, guide books for worship.
    -Sanskrit epic poem
    written by the poet
    Valmiki
    - Central to the story is
    Rama, a prince and
    later portrayed as
    incarnation of the
    Hindu god Vishnu.
    -composed of around
    100,000 verses (world’s
    longest poem)
    -tells of a great struggle
    among the descendants of
    a king called Bharata.
    -translated as ‘’the Lord’s
    song’’
    -one of the holiest books by
    the Hindus
    -The Gita instructs any
    person that one may reach
    god through devotion,
    knowledge, or selfless
    action
    BELIEFS AND DOCTRINES
    -The Hindu faith offers its followers
    many paths to salvation.
    In temples, devotees can pray and offer sacrifices so that they can
    gain favor from the dieties and assist them in their struggle for
    salvation.
    DEVOTION TO TRIMURTI

    • Brahman - ultimate reality, one and


    undivided
    3 Forms:
    *Creation (Brahma)
    *Preservation (Vishnu)
    *Destruction (Shiva)
    Vishnu
    Krishna (manifestation of Vishnu)
    Lakshmi -Venu's consort
    -goddess of fortune
    Shiva
    - god of dance
    -vegetable
    -animal
    -human
    reproduction
    Kali -consort of
    Shiva
    -wild and violent
    Durga - a powerful
    goddess created
    from the
    combination of the
    anger of several
    gods.
    Parvati- goddess of love,
    fertility, and devotion.
    - most modest,
    conservative
    Ganesha - son of Shiva
    -remover of obstacles
    Moksha- where a soul may escape the cycle of
    rebirth
    WORSHIP AND OBSERVANCES
    Hindu Worship = Puja

    Images Prayers
    (murtis) (mantras)

    Diagrams of
    the universe
    (ynatras)
    SUBDIVISIONS
    SHAIVISM - Lord Shiva, the
    compassionate one, is God for the Saivites.
    -They value self-discipline and philosophy.
    -They worship in temples and practice
    yoga.
    SHAKTISM
    - The Goddess Shalti is supreme for
    Shaktas
    -She is the divine mother and assumes
    many forms
    -Believers use chants, magic, and yoga to
    summon cosmic forces.
    VAISHNAVISM
    - Lord Vishnu is God for the
    Vaishnavites.
    -Adherents have multitudes of
    saints, temples, and sacred texts.
    SMARTISM
    - devotees are left to choose their own
    diety in one to six manifestations
    (Ganesha, Siva, Shakti, Vishnu, Surya,
    and Skanda)
    -known as liberals as they embrace all
    major Hindu gods.
    CASTE
    SYSTEM
    -one of the major
    distinguishing
    feature in Indian
    culture that still
    affects modern-
    day society.

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