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    Underwater welding involves welding while submerged underwater. It can be done wet, directly in the water, or dry within a pressurized enclosure. Wet welding is cheaper and faster but risks hydrogen embrittlement and poor visibility, while dry welding allows for higher quality welds but is more expensive. Underwater welding requires special equipment capable of operating at depth and divers must take safety precautions to avoid risks like electric shock and decompression sickness. The field is developing automated techniques to reduce risks to divers.

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    Seminar Presentation

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    akshaymm1616
    18 views25 pages
    Underwater welding involves welding while submerged underwater. It can be done wet, directly in the water, or dry within a pressurized enclosure. Wet welding is cheaper and faster but risks hydrogen embrittlement and poor visibility, while dry welding allows for higher quality welds but is more expensive. Underwater welding requires special equipment capable of operating at depth and divers must take safety precautions to avoid risks like electric shock and decompression sickness. The field is developing automated techniques to reduce risks to divers.

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    Underwater welding involves welding while submerged underwater. It can be done wet, directly in the water, or dry within a pressurized enclosure. Wet welding is cheaper and faster but risks hydrogen embrittlement and poor visibility, while dry welding allows for higher quality welds but is more expensive. Underwater welding requires special equipment capable of operating at depth and divers must take safety precautions to avoid risks like electric shock and decompression sickness. The field is developing automated techniques to reduce risks to divers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views25 pages

    Seminar Presentation

    Uploaded by

    akshaymm1616
    Underwater welding involves welding while submerged underwater. It can be done wet, directly in the water, or dry within a pressurized enclosure. Wet welding is cheaper and faster but risks hydrogen embrittlement and poor visibility, while dry welding allows for higher quality welds but is more expensive. Underwater welding requires special equipment capable of operating at depth and divers must take safety precautions to avoid risks like electric shock and decompression sickness. The field is developing automated techniques to reduce risks to divers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    The National Institute of Engineering

    (An Autonomous Institute under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

    Department of Industrial and Production Engineering


    Academic Year 2021-2022

    SEMINAR-(IP7C03)
    ON
    UNDERWATER WELDING

    Presented By
    Deepthi M L
    4NI18IP018
    Contents

     Hyperbaric welding
     History
     Introduction to Underwater welding and Why Underwater welding?
     Types-Dry welding and Wet welding
     Advantages and disadvantages of Dry welding and Wet welding
     Requirements of Underwater welding
     Effect of Wet environment
     Dangers and Difficulties
     Safety Measures and Precautions
     Future Scope and Developments
    HYPERBARIC WELDING

     Hyperbaric welding is the process of welding at elevated


    pressures, normally underwater.
     Hyperbaric welding can either take place wet in the water itself
    or dry inside a specially constructed positive pressure enclosure
    and hence a dry environment.
    HISTORY

     First under water welding by British Admiralty –


    Dockyard
     In 1946, special waterproof electrodes were
    developed in Holland by ‘Van der Willingen’
    INTRODUCTION TO UNDERWATER WELDING
    WHY UNDERWATER WELDING?

    We can’t lift ship and then repair it. Hence comes the use of
    underwater welding
    TYPES OF UNDERWATER WELDING

    Wet welding Dry welding


    DRY WELDING

    Dry welding is used in preference to wet underwater welding when


    high quality welds are required because of the increased control over
    conditions which can be exerted, such as through application of prior
    and post weld heat treatments.
     The structure to be welded and is filled with a gas(He and
    Oxygen) at the prevailing pressure.
    DRY WELDING CAN BE OF TWO TYPES

    1. Large habitat for underwater welding


    2. Mini habitat for underwater welding
    LARGE HABITAT FOR UNDERWATER
    WELDING
    ADVANTAGES OF DRY WELDING

    Welder /diver safety


    Good weld quality
    Surface monitoring
    DISADVANTAGES OF DRY WELDING

     Higher cost of process, training, etc


     Large quantity of costly and complex equipments
     More deep, more energy requirement.
     Cant weld if weld spot is at unreachable place
    WET WELDING

     Wet underwater welding directly exposes the diver and


    electrode to the water and surrounding elements.
     Divers usually use around 300–400 amps of direct
    current to power their electrode, and they weld using
    varied forms of arc welding.
     This practice commonly uses a variation of shielded
    metal arc welding, employing a waterproof electrode.
     Other processes that are used include flux-cored arc welding and
    friction welding.
     In each of these cases, the welding power supply is connected to
    the welding equipment through cables and hoses.
     The process is generally limited to low carbon equivalent steels,
    especially at greater depths, because of hydrogen-caused
    cracking.
    WET WELDING
    REQUIREMENTS OF UNDERWATER WELDING

     Power supply requrements-400 amp or larger. DC generators,


    motor generators and rectifiers are acceptable power supplies
     Power converters.
     Welding Generator, Pre-Setup
     Polarity.
     Diesel Driven Welding Generator Amperage and Voltage settings.
     Gas Manifolds.
    EFFECT OF WET ENVIRONMENT

     Effect of alloying elements on weld metal microstructure and


    properties
     Managanese
     Boron and titanium
     Rare earth metals
    ADVANTAGES OF WET WELDING

     Cheapest
     Fastest
     Tensile strength is high
     Ease of access the weld spot
     No waste of time in constructing habitat
    DISADVANTAGES OF WET WELDING

     Rapid quenching decreases impact strength, Ductility.


     Hydrogen embrittlement.
     Poor visibility in water.
     Higher energy density of hydrogen, higher efficiency.
    DANGERS AND DIFFICULTIES

     There is a risk to the welder/diver of electric shock.


     There is a risk that defects may remain undetected
     The other main area of risk is to the life or health of the
    welder/diver from nitrogen introduced into the blood steam
    during exposure to air at increased pressure
    SAFETY MEASURES AND
    PRECAUTIONS

     Start cutting at the highest point and work downward


     By withdrawing the electrode every few seconds to allow water to
    enter the cut
     Precautions include achieving adequate electrical insulation of the
    welding equipment
    FUTURE SCOPE AND DEVELOPMENTS

     Development of alternative welding methods like friction


    welding, explosive welding, and stud welding.
     Present trend is towards automation. THOR – 1 (TIG
    Hyperbaric Orbital Robot) is developed where diver
    performs pipefitting, installs the track and orbital head on
    the pipe and the rest process is automated.
    Thank You

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