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    Master Class 4 - Intro Cold War - Causes and Consequences

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    JOSE KCAMILO JIMENEZ GONZALEZ
    The Cold War emerged between Western capitalist nations led by the United States and Eastern communist nations led by the Soviet Union. They had opposing economic ideologies, with the US supporting free market capitalism while the USSR promoted Marxism-Leninism and a command economy. As the Soviet Union gained control over Eastern Europe, the US saw this as a threat and responded by forming alliances like NATO. Tensions escalated throughout the 1950s, including during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Both sides built up their military capabilities during this prolonged period of geopolitical tensions.

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    Master Class 4 - Intro Cold War - Causes and Consequences

    Uploaded by

    JOSE KCAMILO JIMENEZ GONZALEZ
    19 views17 pages
    The Cold War emerged between Western capitalist nations led by the United States and Eastern communist nations led by the Soviet Union. They had opposing economic ideologies, with the US supporting free market capitalism while the USSR promoted Marxism-Leninism and a command economy. As the Soviet Union gained control over Eastern Europe, the US saw this as a threat and responded by forming alliances like NATO. Tensions escalated throughout the 1950s, including during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Both sides built up their military capabilities during this prolonged period of geopolitical tensions.

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    Clase en inglés sobre la Guerra Fría

    Original Title

    Master Class 4 - Intro Cold War - Causes and consequences

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    The Cold War emerged between Western capitalist nations led by the United States and Eastern communist nations led by the Soviet Union. They had opposing economic ideologies, with the US supporting free market capitalism while the USSR promoted Marxism-Leninism and a command economy. As the Soviet Union gained control over Eastern Europe, the US saw this as a threat and responded by forming alliances like NATO. Tensions escalated throughout the 1950s, including during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Both sides built up their military capabilities during this prolonged period of geopolitical tensions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views17 pages

    Master Class 4 - Intro Cold War - Causes and Consequences

    Uploaded by

    JOSE KCAMILO JIMENEZ GONZALEZ
    The Cold War emerged between Western capitalist nations led by the United States and Eastern communist nations led by the Soviet Union. They had opposing economic ideologies, with the US supporting free market capitalism while the USSR promoted Marxism-Leninism and a command economy. As the Soviet Union gained control over Eastern Europe, the US saw this as a threat and responded by forming alliances like NATO. Tensions escalated throughout the 1950s, including during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Both sides built up their military capabilities during this prolonged period of geopolitical tensions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    Introduction of Cold

    War

    Kcamilo Jiménez
    Bacherlor of History
    Individuals & Societies 9°
    Two models, two thoughts
    • Economic liberalism • Communism
    - The economic system - Within the Marxist ideology,
    proposed from a liberal ideology communism is a utopian stage
    proposes the liberalization of of a society that is governed by
    the market, the little interference equality and/or equity. Vladimir
    of the State and the reduction of Lennin, from the study of the
    the latter to an administration work of Karl Marx, proposed a
    entity focused on the social and social and economic model
    urban component of its nation. called socialism, which
    In it, capitalism can operate proposes a general distribution
    autonomously; each individual, of the nation's wealth, granting
    from his possibilities, can amass each citizen a measured share
    the wealth he desires. of resources for their survival
    and comfort..
    Western Bloc figures
    • Franklin D.
    Roosevelt
    (1933-1945)
    • Harry S.
    Truman
    (1945-1953)
    • Dwight D.
    Eisenhower
    (1953-1961)
    • Jimmy
    Carter (1977-
    1981)
    • Ronald
    Reagan
    (1981-1989)
    • George H.
    Bush (1989-
    1993)
    Eastern Bloc figures
    • Iósif Stalin
    (1924-1953)
    • Nikita
    Jruschov
    (1954-1964)
    • Leonid
    Brézhnev
    (1964-1983)
    • Mijaíl
    Gorvbachov
    (1987-1992)
    Germany Division
    • Great Britain
    Northwest
    • Soviet Union
    Northeastern
    • France
    Southwest
    • United States
    Southeast
    Causes of Cold War
    The Cold War (1945-91) was one of perception
    where neither side fully understood the
    intentions and ambitions of the other. This led to
    mistrust and military build-ups.
    • United States • Soviet Union
    • U.S. thought that Soviet expansion • They felt that they had won World War
    would continue and spread throughout II. They had sacrificed the most (25
    the world. million vs. 300,000 total dead) and
    • They saw the Soviet Union as a threat deserved the “spoils of war.” They had
    to their way of life; especially after the lost land after WWI because they left
    Soviet Union gained control of Eastern the winning side; for this reason, they
    Europe. wanted to gain land because they had
    won.
    • They wanted to economically raid
    Eastern Europe to recoup their
    expenses during the war.
    • They saw the U.S. as a threat to their
    way of life; especially after the U.S.
    development of atomic weapons.
    First mobilization
    • Alarmed Americans viewed the
    Soviet occupation of eastern
    European countries as part of a
    communist expansion, which
    threatened to extend to the rest of
    the world.

    • In 1946, Winston Churchill gave a


    speech at Fulton College in
    Missouri in which he proclaimed
    that an “Iron Curtain” had fallen
    across Europe.

    • In March 1947, U.S. president


    Harry Truman proclaimed the
    Truman Doctrine.
    This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
    The Truman Doctrine (1947)

    • Reasoning

    ✔ Threatened by Communist influence


    in Turkey and Greece
    ✔ “Two hostile camps” speech

    • Financial aid “to support free peoples


    who are resisting attempted subjugation”

    • Sent $400 million worth of war supplies


    to Greece and helped push out
    Communism

    • The Truman Doctrine marked a new


    level of American commitment to a Cold
    War.
    North Atlantic Treaty Organization & the
    Warsaw Pact
    • Stalin’s aggressive actions accelerated
    the American effort to use military
    means to contain Soviet ambitions.
    • The U.S. joined with Canada, Britain,
    France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and
    Luxembourg to establish NATO, a
    mutual defense pact in 1949.
    • Pledged signers to treat an attack
    against one as an attack against all.
    • When West Germany joined NATO in
    1955, the Soviet Union countered by
    creating its own alliance system in
    eastern Europe– the Warsaw Pact
    (1955)
    The Cold War in the 1950s: USSR

    • Nikita Khrushchev takes over after


    Stalin’s death in 1953.
    ✔ He repudiates Stalin’s use of the vast
    Gulag (or labor camp complex) and
    attempts to separate Stalin’s “crimes”
    from true communism.
    • Repression and Dissent
    ✔ Polish and Hungarian intellectuals and
    students held demonstrations calling for
    free elections, withdrawal of Soviet
    troops, etc.
    ✔ 1956 – Soviet Crackdown in Hungary
    ✔ Soviet tanks were sent in to crush
    dissent.
    ✔ Eastern Europe remained under Soviet
    control.

    This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC


    The Cold War in the
    1950s: U.S.
    • Dwight Eisenhower takes over
    from Truman in 1953.
    ✔ Democrats charged
    Republicans for “missile gap”
    ✔ Eisenhower responded.
    • Enlarged defense spending;
    National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration (NASA)
    • By 1962-63, the U.S. had 450
    missiles and 2,000 bombers
    capable at striking the Soviet
    Union, compared to 50-100
    ICBMS and 200 bombers that
    could reach the U.S.
    The Cold War in the 1960s

    • Khrushchev: “peaceful
    coexistence”
    • American U-2 spy plane shot
    down by Soviets in 1960.
    • In 1961, the Soviet begun
    construction of the Berlin Wall,
    which cut off movement
    between East and West Berlin
    and became a symbol of the
    eroding relations between the
    Berlin Wall, 1961
    Soviet Union and the United
    States.
    • Cuban Missile Crisis
    (October of 1962)
    Conclusions
    Analyzing both ideologies, we can do a comparison between
    capitalism and communism, showing the advantage and
    disadvantage for both side.
    Capitalism

    • Advantages:
    ✔ You can own property
    ✔ Individuals can
    ✔ prosper/competition for
    wages
    ✔ Freedom of speech, press,
    religion
    ✔ Embrace ethnic diversity
    ✔ Makes the individual work worth
    something

    • Disadvantages:
    ❖ Poverty
    ❖ Not everyone has healthcare
    ❖ Monopolies- control too much
    business
    ❖ Creates inequalities (ex: rich vs
    poor, have vs have not)
    Communism
    • Advantages:
    ✔ Everyone gets something (equal)
    ✔ No unemployment
    ✔ Healthcare for all citizens
    ✔ Cooperation of the people (work
    for the country to benefit)

    • Disadvantages:
    ❖ Abuse of power
    ❖ Restrictions- no freedom of
    speech, press, no religious
    practices
    ❖ Censorship
    ❖ Against ethnic diversity
    ❖ Government controls property-
    very little if any, could own private
    property
    References

    • https://poweredtemplate.com/es/plantilla-de-powerpoint
    -viejo-cuaderno-50281/
    • Hobsbawn, Eric (1994). Historia del Siglo XX. Editorial
    Panamericana.
    • Hilgruber, Andreas. La Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-
    1945). Alianza Editorial

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