ESL English Prep

Translate These Urdu Sentences to English

1. Yeh bohot khaas hai
2. Sirf ek minute
3. Mujhe dekhne do
4. Mujhe is bare me sochne do
5. Apni English practice kartein hain
6. Hosakta hai
7. 20 meel se zyada
8. Is se zyada
9. Meri salgira 20 August ko hai
10. Mera cell phone nahi kaam karraha
English Translation
1. Yeh bohot khaas hai • This is very special
2. Sirf ek minute • Just one minute
3. Mujhe dekhne do • Let me see
4. Mujhe is bare me sochne do • Let me think about this
5. Apni English practice kartein hain • Let’s practice English
6. Hosakta hai • It is possible
7. 20 meel se zyada • More than 20 miles
8. Is se zyada • More than this
9. Meri salgira 20 August ko hai • My birthday is on 20th August
10. Mera cell phone nahi kaam karraha • My cellphone isn’t working
Conversing in English
• A conversation between two people • What about you? What kind of
about sports:
sports do you like?
• Tell me, what kind of sports do you like?
• I like all kinds of sports. Basketball,
• Answer:
football and even cricket • Why do you like these sports?
• What do you like about football?
• I like how the fans get so passionate
while watching the game
• What do you like about cricket?
• I really enjoy how the players interact
with each other on the field. It is a game
of skill and stamina
Forms of Words
• Good, better, best • It is more difficult to open than
• Bad, worse, worst to bat middle order
• Than- Comparison • More, Most
• Ali is better than Sara at studies • Has/ Have
• Then- past, next move • Has- I have, they have, we have
• Back then I was a good student • He has, she has, Ali has
• What will you do then?
• I _have_____ a book and a bag
• They ___have____ a big house
• He ___has___ a blue coat
• I _have____ a cat but my friend
_has___ a dog
Parts of Speech Noun
• First is the noun. I remember the • Noun: Name, Place, Animal,
phrase “person, place, or thing” Thing
repeated over and over by my grade
school teacher. The noun is the • Examples: Sarah, Saad, London,
easiest to identify and does most of Paris, Cat, Dog, Book, Bag, Ring.
the work in a sentence. It either • The girl’s name is Sara, she lives
comes before the verb as a subject or
after the verb as an object. in London with her dog Tommy.
• Nouns can be regular in the plural
She has a big house. Her favorite
form like apple/apples, nurse/nurses, thing in the house is her chair
and mother/mothers or irregular like
goose/geese, tooth/teeth, and
fish/fish.
Pronoun
• Second, is the pronoun. Pronouns are used • Examples of Pronouns:
in the place of a noun and can be “I, you, he,
she, it, they, we” as subjects or “me, you, • He, him, she, her, they, them, it, us
him, her, it, them, us” as objects. Pronouns
can be reflexive such as “myself, yourself,
• Yourself, myself, herself
herself, etc.” or possessive like “my, your, • My, your, her, mine
her, etc.”
• Relative pronouns are used with dependent
• Which, that, what, whom, who
clauses such as “which, that, what, whom,
who” and demonstrative pronouns such as
“this, that, these, those,” taking the place of • Sam is a good boy, he never
a previously named noun. misbehaves in school.
• For example, “The books which I read in • She will tell you when she wants to
college were better than those I read in
elementary school.” meet you herself.
Verbs
• The third part of speech is the verb. • Verbs show action.
Without it, the noun can’t do anything.
Verbs must agree with the nouns they
• Example,
follow.
• A singular noun like apple needs a Run, walk, talk, sit, stand, eat etc.
singular verb. “An apple tastes good.”
• However, a plural noun needs a plural
verb. “Apples taste good.” run- running
• To make things even more complicated, Eat- eating
English has a myriad of irregular verbs
that change in spelling from the present
to the past tense. Examples include: My cat is sleeping
go/went, eat/ate/, lose/lost. My son is studying
Adjective
• Four is the adjective. You can’t paint • This is a big house
an accurate picture with words
without adjectives. For example, • The cake was yellow and pink
“The beautiful, calm lake • He is a smart boy
looked serene against
the orange and yellow clear sky.”
• Adjectives describe nouns with details
about the size, color, quality, age, the
material of nouns. Try telling a story
without this part of speech, and the • I got a beautiful gift on my
story will be dull and boring (which birthday
are also adjectives!)
Adverbs
• If adjectives describe nouns, the • Adverbs describe a verb. They
fifth part of speech, adverbs, usually end in the words “ly” but
describe how things happen. not always
Adverbs describe the manner • She was running quickly
with which verbs behave. They • She was running fast – both are
usually end in “ly” and answer adverbs.
the question of how something
happened. “She sang the
song slowly and clearly.” • She was sleeping soundly
• He was writing sadly
• He was speaking very fast
Practice
• Which words are nouns? • Which words are verbs?
• We are going to London • I ran to the store
tomorrow • I sat on my chair
• I have a cute cat called Fluffy • I am reading a book
• We will go to the shop to buy • I am eating my food
some chips
• I like all flowers, especially roses. • Sam was eating his favorite ice
cream in the park. It was delicious
• Ali was hiding in his room, he did not
want his dog to find his new shirt
Tenses
• In the English language, tenses play an
important role in sentence formation. The tense
• Present:
of a verb shows the time of an event or action. • I am sleeping
• The concept of time can be split into:
• The Present: What you are currently doing.
• I sleep every day
• I eat. – I am eating. • Past:
• She goes to school. – She is going to school.
• The Past: What you did some time back.
• I was sleeping
• I ate. – I was eating. • I have slept already
• She went to school. – She was going to school. • Future
• The Future: What you will do later.
• I will eat. – I will be eating • I will be sleeping
• She will go to school. • I will sleep soon
• I sleep at five o clock every
Monday
• I am sleeping right now
• I read a book on Fridays
• I am reading a book right now

• I have already done my homework

• I was doing my homework
yesterday
• Sit • The children were playing
• I _am______ sitting on the chair outside but their mother said
• I _was______sitting on the chair they should come back and go
• I __will be_____ sitting on the chair play outside tomorrow.
• Cook
• I __will____ cook a dinner for my
family
• I __was_____ cooking a dinner for my
family
• I ___am___ cooking a dinner for my
family
Vocabulary- Homophones
• Homophones are words that • There, their, they’re
sound the same but have • There- place
different meanings. • my house is over there, I am going
• We need to use these words in there
context with the rest of the
sentence. • Their- this is their house, this is their
car, their brother is very nice
• It is important to know the • Their- ownership/possession of
meaning of all forms of one someone else, usually multiple people
word. • They’re – they are going to school
• They’re going to school
• Can you keep my books over
_____there
• These are _their_______ books, you
should return them
• ___They’re_____ going to a library to
read books
• Can you go _to ___their house and tell
me what __they’re___ trying to do.
• Put the cup over _there____, it is
_their____ cup, __they’re______
going to need it soon.
• brake/break: When teaching my daughter how to drive, I told • knight/night: The knight is on his way to the castle, but
her if she didn't hit the brake in time she would break the car's traveling at night is very dangerous.
side mirror. • knot/not: I do not know how she learned to tie
• cell/sell: If you sell drugs, you will get arrested and end up in a the knot to make that necklace.
prison cell. • poor/pour: I pour drinks at a bar every night. I
• cent/scent: I won't spend one cent on a bottle of perfume until I am poor because I have too many bills and not enough
know that I love the scent. money.
• die/dye: If you accidentally drank a bottle of fabric dye, you • right/write: There is no right way to write a great novel.
might die. • sea/see: At my beach house, I love to wake up
• flour/flower: To bake a flower-shaped cake, you’ll need and see the sea.
some flour. • sole/soul: I need to get a new sole put on my favorite
• for/four: I purchased four new pairs of shoes for my upcoming pair of running shoes. Jogging is good for my soul.
vacation. • son/sun: My son is 13 years old. He likes to spend time
• heal/heel: If the heel breaks on your shoe, you might fall. outside in the sun.
However, your injuries will heal over time. • steal/steel: Someone who decides to steal a car has
• hear/here: I wanted to sit here so I could hear the singer committed a crime, but auto parts are made of steel.
performing without any distractions. • tail/tale: My cat was crazily chasing his tail while I read
• hour/our: We have one hour before our appointment with the a fairy tale to my children.
real estate agent.
• weather/whether: I don’t know whether to bring a
• idle/idol: Being idle makes me unhappy, but listening to jacket or not. The weather looks unpredictable today.
my idol Taylor Swift makes me happy.
• The ___brake___ has failed in my car • She decided to __dye___ her hair a
(break/brake) red color
• My daughter will _break_____ the • He will ___die___ if he doesn’t get the
world record correct medicine.
• He will _break____ the table in the • They baked pies with _flour____ and
_break____ room decorated the table with a
• He will _sell_____ you the _cell_____ __flower_____ from the garden
(flour/flower)
you need for your remote. (sell/cell)
• Her shirt had a flower_______ design
• The prison __cell____ was full
on it
• He said he would ___die__ if he drank • __flour______ is an important part of
that bottle of __dye___ (die/dye) baking
• We are taking a _four____ day vacation • I want to __hear____ the music coming
_for____ our anniversary (for/four) out of your car ___here___ (hear/here)
• This is a job __for___ a professional • Come _here_____ and finish your work
• There are ___four____ cakes on the • I can __hear____ the birds singing in
table the trees __here____
• The doctor was asked to _____heal_ an • __our____ names were called after
injury on my ___heel___ (heal/heel) one _hour_____( our/hour)
• The _heel____ of my shoe broke • It took us an hour______ to reach our
• The medicine was important to destination
__heal___ my sickness • __Our____ house is always crowded
• The __knight____ fought bravely • The ___sea___ has many fish in it
in the war (knight/night) (sea/see)
• It was a dark and rainy • I can __see___ a bright future for
night______ this child
• I could not decide whether_____ I
• I wanted to ___pour_____ a
wanted a ball or a bat
drink for my friend (pour/poor) (weather/whether)
• I offered to _pour_____ some • The _weather______ was bad, it
water for a __poor____ man was too cold to go outside.
• There is no __right____ way to • I read a _tale_____ about a dog
_write____ a letter (right/write) who had a long _tail____ (tale/tail)
Most commonly confused homophones
• There are several homophones in the English • then/than: Then is a versatile word
language that almost everyone gets confused
at some point. These frequently confused
used as an adverb, noun or adjective
homophones include: to show the order of how things
• accept/except: Accept is a verb that means to happened. Than is a
take or receive. Except is used as a preposition subordinating conjunction you can
or conjunction to mean but or exclude. use to make comparisons.
• affect/effect: Affect is a verb (in most cases)
and indicates influence. Effect is a noun (in
• to/too: To can be a preposition or
most cases) and is the result of an action or infinitive when used with a
change. verb. Too is an adverb or a synonym
• compliment/complement: Compliment means for also.
to say something nice about someone or
something. Complement means something that • you're/your: You're is a contraction
enhances or completes. for you are. Your is a pronoun.
air heir

aisle isle

ante- anti-

eye I

bare bear

be bee

brake break

buy by

cell sell

cent scent

cereal serial

coarse course

complement compliment
dam damn

dear deer

die dye

fair fare

fir fur

flour flower

for four

hair hare

heal heel

hear here

him hymn

hole whole

hour our

idle idol

in inn

knight night

knot not

know no