Harmful Effects of

Materials to the
Environment
Week 5 Day 2 Q1
 Look at these pictures:
The ozone layer is a
deep layer in the stratosphere,
encircling the Earth, that
has large amounts of
ozone in it. The layer
shields the entire Earth from much of the
harmful ultraviolet radiation that comes from
the sun.
 Acids are proton donors
that yield hydronium ions
in water solution, or
electron-pair acceptors
that combine with
electron-pair donors or
bases.
A chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic
compound that contains only carbon,
chlorine, and fluorine, produced as a
volatile derivative of methane, ethane,
and propane.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants
into the natural environment that cause
adverse change.
Global warming is the term used to describe
a gradual increase in the average
temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and
its oceans, a change that is believed to be
permanently changing the Earth's climate.
Picture Analysis
Power plant
Pile of used tire
Junk Shop
Repair Shop
Different Vehicles
 KWL CHART
I KNOW I WANT TO KNOW I HAVE LEARNED
Let’s watch for a short video
clip…
 Answer the following questions:
1. What are the plastic materials
presented in the video?

2. How could these materials harm

the environment?
 Science Ideas
1. What are the plastic materials
presented in the video?
2. How could these materials harm the
environment?
 Depletion of the ozone layer  Global
Warming  Air pollution  Land
Pollution  Water Pollution  Acid rain
a. Depletion of the Ozone Layer –
this is a natural way of
destroying the ozone layer of
the atmosphere due to
chlorofluorocarbons which are
found in the materials like
refrigerants, plastic, Styrofoam,
propellant for spray cans,
perfumes and insecticides.
c. Acid Rain – this is the state of rain
water containing very high acid. This
happens when gaseous chemical
wastes from industries turn into
acids and combine in the
atmosphere during the evaporation
process
d. Land Pollution – this is the
condition of land that is
contaminated due to harmful
substances known as
pollutants. This is due to
improper disposal of waste
materials containing
substances the harm the soil.
e. Air Pollution – this is the
condition of air that is
contaminated brought by
smoke released by different
vehicles and fumes emitted
by power plants and
factories.
f. Water Pollution – this is the
condition of water that is
contaminated due to waste
products which directly
disposed to the bodies of
water by some factories and
even by people.
 Evaluation
Match the description from column A
with the effects of materials to the
environment in column B. Write the
letter of the correct answer on the
blank provided.
 Column A Column B

____1. higher global temperature that a. acid rain

causes rain extreme weather condition due
to burning fuels from power plants
____2. rain water containing very high acid b. air pollution
ozone layer caused by gaseous chemical
wastes from industries and
combine with the air
____3. water is contaminated due to waste c. depletion of the ozone layer
products directly disposed to the bodies
water by some factories and the trashes
thrown by people
____4. destruction of the ozone layer due to d. global warming
chlorofluorocarbons present in materials
like styrofoam, plastic, propellant for spray
cans, etc.
____5. air is contaminated due to smoke e. land pollution
released by different vehicles and fumes
emitted by power plants and factories
f. water pollution
Assignment:
Gather some materials at home
that have harmful effects to the
environment. What will be step to
lessen the chance of harming the
environment due to these
materials?
 DAY 3
Biodegradable and Non-
Biodegradable
Materials
 GAME: FALL-IN PLEASE.
a. Rubber when burned produces toxic fumes
and acid rain.
b. Improper waste disposal causes diseases and
pollution that pose danger to our health.
c. Some synthetic materials are used to
produce medicine.
d. Materials are used in building houses and
other infrastructures.
e. Air conditioners help to cool our house and
workplaces.
PICTURE ANALYSIS
 GROUP ACTIVITY
How do you dispose your garbage or
waste material?

Setting of Standards

Performing the activity

 GUIDED QUESTIONS
1. What are the materials that you put in
the bins?
2. How did you classify or group them?
3. What materials decay easily? What do
you call them?
4. What is non-biodegradable material?
5. What are the characteristics of
biodegradable materials?
6. What materials do not decay
easily? What do you call them?
7. What are the characteristics of non
– biodegradable materials?
8. How do you differentiate
biodegradable materials from non-
biodegradable materials?
 SCIENCE IDEAS
Non-biodegradable wastes are
those will not decay even for a long
period of time. They cannot be
decomposed nor can they be recycled
by nature. As consumers use modern
products, they also discharge non-
biodegradable detergents into sewers or
septic tanks.
 Furthermore, they generate
millions of tons of solid plastic wastes
which cannot decay. This results in
the piling up of millions of tons of
plastic garbage all over the world.
Biodegradable waste include
any organic matter in waste which
can be broken down into carbon
dioxide, water methane or simple
organic molecules by microorganisms
and other living things using
composting. Biodegradable
substances include food scraps,
cotton, wool, wood, human and
animal waste, manufactured products
based on natural materials.
 APPLICATION
Challenge your creativity.
Group 1 – Sci-actors. Present a short skit
that shows the difference of
biodegradable from non-biodegradable
materials.
Group 2 – Sci-singer. Through a song/yell,
differentiate biodegradable from non-
biodegradable materials.
Group 3 – Sci-collage. Through a
collage, differentiate biodegradable
from non-biodegradable materials.
Group 4 – Sci-biz. Present a talk show
about the difference of
biodegradable from non-
biodegradable materials.
Directions: Differentiate biodegradable
from non-biodegradable. Choose the
letter of the best answer.
1. Empty cans, bottles, boots and scratched
paper are examples of wastes material.
Your mother told you to segregate it.
Which of these materials would you place
to a biodegradable waste bin?
A. empty cans C. empty bottles
B. boots paper D. scratched
2. In his class, Mr. Lumbres asked his students to differentiate
biodegradable from non-biodegradable materials. If you
were to answer the question asked by Mr. Lumbers, what
will be your answer?

A. Biodegradable materials decayed while non -

biodegradable do not.
B. Non-biodegradable materials decayed while biodegradable
do not.
C. Both biodegradable materials and non - biodegradable can
be recycled.
D. Biodegradable materials are composed of empty bottles,
plastics and cans while non - biodegradable materials are
composed of dried leaves, left-over foods and the like.
3. Some materials which are normally
useful become harmful when not
properly disposed. Examples are those
which are made of plastic and rubber.
What will you do to lessen its volume?
A. Make clothes made of plastics
B. Burned it.
C. Just pile it up.
D. Make a trash bin out of it.
4. Materials made of paper are harmless
but they become sources of carbon
dioxide when burned. How will you
dispose your used paper?
A. Put it in the box for recycling.
B. Throw it outside the room.
C. Burned it.
D. Put it inside your bag and use for
cooking.
5. The following materials are examples of
biodegradable waste, EXCEPT:

A. woods C. aluminum cans

B. used paper D. dried twigs
ASSIGNMENT:
List down ten (10)
examples of non biodegradable
materials and ten (10)
biodegradable materials.
 DAY 4
Determining the
Practices on Waste
Disposal Observed in
the Environment
Let’s play. Raise the word FACT if the
statement is correct and BLUFF if it is wrong.
Fact or Bluff
1. Left over peelings of fruits and vegetables are
biodegradable.
2. Plastics and styrofoam are non-biodegradable.
3. Diapers and sanitary napkins are
biodegradable materials.
4. Waste produced by animals are biodegradable.
5. Leaves and twigs of plants are biodegradable.
Listen to the song of Smokey Mountain

ANAK NG PASIG
What is the message of the song?

Why do we need to dispose our waste

materials properly?
 GROUP ACTIVITY
Setting of standards

Activity proper
 QUESTIONS
What are the different waste disposal practices
usually observed in our environment?
Which among these practices are very
common?
Inspite of various ordinance on waste
management being implemented, what are
the factors that affect people attitude and
ways of waste disposal?
Which of the practices given are
proper? Why?
- improper? Why?
What do you think would happen
if people continue practicing the
improper waste disposal? Why?
 SCIENCE IDEAS
What different practices on waste disposal
are observed in the environment?
How do you feel when pupils like you do not
mind if someone throws waste anywhere?
Why?
As a learner, what proper waste disposal
strategy do you think is effective to
implement? Why?
Identify the waste disposal practice in each
situation below. Write the letter of the
correct answer.

1. Joy is living near Bantok River. Early

in the morning, she disposes their
garbage into the river without
thinking the effects it may bring to
them and to the environment.
2. Mrs. Rizo is working in Municipal Environment
Natural Resources Office in their town. At
home, she has labeled trash cans for plastic,
paper, and other biodegradable wastes. She
also supervises her children and neighbor.
3. One of the projects of School Pupil
Government is the installation of container for
empty plastic bottles near the school canteen.
Pupils are disciplined in throwing the empty
bottles into
container.
4. After being hit by a passenger jeepney,
Bingo, Raul pet dog died. Raul immediately
dumped the remains of the dead animal into
the
dugged land at their backyard.
5. Julius, a buko vendor places the buko shells
in a sack. He brings these at home and tries
to arrange them in a way that it will be
exposed to sunlight. He has been doing this
since he knew that the dried buko shell still
be used for cooking?
 A. by burning
B. by segregating
C. by dumping anywhere
D. by throwing waste into
the body of water
Assignment:

Make a poster showing

proper waste disposal practices
that should be observed at
home, school and community.
 DAY 5
SOLVING WASTE
DISPOSAL PROBLEM
REVIEW- Give some waste materials starting
with the following letters.
D
I
S
P
O
S
E
 SITUATION
Erwin, Raymond and Greg
are grade five learners. They went
to Mangahan Market. They had
noticed that there lot of garbage in
the place. People just throw their
garbage everywhere. If you were
one of the three boys, what will you
do?
 GROUP ACTIVITY
Setting of standards

Activity proper
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
a. What are the materials that belong to
dry garbage? Wet garbage?
b. What do you do with the garbage at
home?
c. How do you dispose your wet garbage?
d. What do you do with the dry garbage?
e. What materials do you commonly
recycle?
 SCIENCE IDEAS
Waste segregation. The most
effective way of managing domestic
wastes is to separate or segregate
materials according to their kind,
before they become part of the
waste stream. This system is time-
and-effort consuming.
Classify garbage as to wet and
dry. If possible, make a mini -
recycling center in your
backyard. Place similar item in
one container.
 Describe how your family
manages garbage disposal.
What are the reasons why
some cannot practice proper
waste disposal?
Directions: Choose the letter of the best
answer.
1. Your classmate throws a candy wrapper
outside the room. What will you do?
a. Talk to him not to throw anywhere.
b. Tell it to your teacher.
c. Never mind him.
2. There are many used plastic-bottles in
your community. You have learned that
these must be disposed properly. What
will you do?
a. Collect them then burn.
b. Collect them then sell to junkshop.
c. Ask the barangay official to clean the
mess.
3. Dried leaves, twigs and paper
which are normally useful become
harmful when not properly
disposed. What will you do to lessen
its volume?
a. Recycle it.
b. Make a compost pit in a backyard.
c. Burn it
5. The most effective way to lessen
the problem in waste disposal
is______.
a. burn it
b. have a dump site
c. segregation
 ASSIGNMENT
List down five (5)
ways to solve waste
disposal problem.