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    Lesson 3

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    Cabdullahi maxamed xussen

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    Lesson 3

    Uploaded by

    Cabdullahi maxamed xussen
    17 views11 pages

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    lesson 3

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    17 views11 pages

    Lesson 3

    Uploaded by

    Cabdullahi maxamed xussen

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    The Expanded Program On

    Immunization
    (EPI)
    Lesson Three
    Lucturer . Ahmednasir Abdi Bashir
    What is a Vaccine?
    •A vaccine is a non-pathogenic antigen
    that mimics a particular pathogen in
    order to elicit an immune response as if
    that actual pathogen were in the body.
    Types of vaccines
    1. Live, Attenuated Vaccines
    -Viral such as measles, mumps,rubella, oral polio and rota
    virus
    -Bacterial such as BCG

    2. Inactivated Vaccines
    Types of vaccines
    2. Inactivated Vaccines
    A. Whole cell vaccine
    -Viral
    -Bacterial
    B. Fractional
    1-Protein based
    Toxoid
    Subunit
    2-Polysaccharide based
    Pure
    conjugate
    Types of vaccines
    2. Inactivated Vaccines
    A. Whole cell vaccine
    -Viral
    -Bacterial
    B. Fractional
    1-Protein based
    Toxoid such as diphtheria, tetanus
    Subunit such as hepatitis B
    2-Polysaccharide based
    Pure such as pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines
    conjugate such as Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine.
    Inactivated Vaccines Attenuated vaccine

    High Low Vaccine dose

    Short Long Antibody persistence

    Frequently Infrequently Booster needed


    Types of vaccines
    1. Live, Attenuated Vaccines

    Live, attenuated vaccines contain a version of the living


    microbe that has been weakened in the lab so it can’t
    cause disease.
    They elicit strong immune system response and often
    confer lifelong immunity with only one or two doses.
    Types of vaccines
    Live, Attenuated Vaccines

    • live, attenuated vaccines usually need to be refrigerated to stay potent.

    • Live, attenuated vaccines are relatively easy to create for certain viruses. Viruses are
    simple microbes containing a small number of genes,

    • Live, attenuated vaccines are more difficult to create for bacteria. Bacteria have thousands
    of genes and thus are much harder to

    • people who have damaged or weakened immune systems, such as people who undergone
    chemotherapy or have HIV, can not be given live vaccines..
    Types of vaccines
    Inactivated Vaccines

    • Scientists produce inactivated vaccines by killing the disease-


    causing microbe with chemicals, heat, or radiation.

    • Inactivated vaccines usually don’t require refrigeration, and


    they can be easily stored and transported in a freeze-dried form,
    which makes them accessible to people in developing countries.
    Types of vaccines
    Inactivated Vaccines
    • Most inactivated vaccines, however, stimulate a weaker
    immune system response than do live vaccines.
    THANKS

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