Q1 Lesson 3 Culture and Society v2

CULTURE AND
SOCIETY
LESSON 3
WHAT IS
CULTURE?
CULTURE
KEY way of life, may be
CONCEPTS manifested through
materials, beliefs or
practices.
SYMBOLS
KEY something with meaning that
is understood by people
CONCEPTS within the same culture.
LANGUAGE
KEY system of symbols that
enables communication
CONCEPTS among people.
NORMS
KEY expected behavior and
established rules in
CONCEPTS
society.
MORES
KEY significant norms being
CONCEPTS practiced among
cultures.
TABOO
KEY strongly forbidden
CONCEPTS practices.
ETHNOCENTRISM
KEY thinking that one’s own
CONCEPTS culture is superior
compared to others.
CULTURAL
KEY
RELATIVISM
CONCEPTS similarities between one’s
culture and others, and
accepting their
validity.
MULTICULTURALISM
KEY
acknowledging different
CONCEPTS cultures and respecting them
equally.
Culture is that complex whole
which includes knowledge,
belief, arts, morals, law, custom,
and any other capabilities and
CULTURE habits acquired by man as a

member of society” (Tylor, 1958).
“Culture is the ways of thinking,
the ways of acting, and the
material objects that together form
a people’s way of life. Culture
CULTURE includes what we think, how we

act, and what we own”
(Macionis, 2017).
COMPONENTS OF CULTURE
SYMBOLS
LANGUAGE
TECHNOLOGY
refers to the application of
knowledge and equipment to
ease the task of living and
maintaining the environment
VALUES
are culturally defined
standards for what is
good or desirable.
BELIEFS
specific thoughts or ideas that
people hold to be true
NORMS
DIFFERENT KINDS
OF CULTURE
Dominant or Mainstream
Subculture
Counterculture
"High" Culture
Popular Culture
KINDS OF CULTURE
Dominant or Mainstream Subculture

refers to a smaller group of people
refers to the established language,
who share their own norms,
religion, values, rituals, and social
customs, values, etc. within the
customs which are often the norm for
society as a whole. dominant culture of the society.
KINDS OF CULTURE
Counterculture "High" Culture

refers to a subculture whose values
and norms of behavior differ refers to cultural patterns or
substantially from those of behaviours that distinguish a
mainstream society. society’s elite.
KINDS OF CULTURE
Popular Culture
refers to cultural patterns that are
widespread among society’s
population.
Ethnocentrism
How do is a view that a particular group is the

center of everything. It is also the
people view practice of judging another culture by the

standards of one’s own culture.
their culture? Multiculturalism

recognizes cultural diversity in a group of
people and promotes equality of cultural
traditions.
How do Cultural Relativism
people view holds that a person’s beliefs, values and

practices should be understood based on
their culture?
that person’s own culture rather than be
judged against the criteria of another.
Invention
process of creating new cultural elements.
How do Innovation
culture improving on something that already
exists.
change? Discovery
recognizing and gaining a better
understanding of something already in
existence.
CHARACTERISTICS
○ Culture is social: Culture is seen as the product of social interaction and behavior. It
does not exist in isolation - no man can acquire culture without the association of
others.
○ Culture varies from one society to another: The culture of a society is unique to itself.
It is not uniform. The culture of a group varies from time to time as well.
○ Culture is shared: Culture is not something that an individual alone can possess, it is
shared with their co-members of society.
○ Culture is learned: Culture is often called “learned ways of behavior”.

CHARACTERISTICS
○ Culture is transmitted among members of society: Cultural ways are learned by
persons from persons. Older generations handed down cultural behaviors; younger
generations also handed up behaviors to the elders. (Language, for example, is a
vehicle of culture).
○ Culture is cumulative and continuous: Culture is the “social heritage” of man. Culture
is responsive (dynamic) to the changing conditions of the physical environment.
○ Culture is gratifying and idealistic: Culture provides proper opportunities for the
satisfaction of our needs and desires. It is the sum total of the ideal patterns of
behavior for a group.
WHAT IS
SOCIETY?
1 SOCIETY
2 STATUS
KEY 3 ROLE
CONCEPTS 4 SOCIALIZATION
5 ENCULTURATION
SOCIETY
is a community or group joined because of
sustained bond and interaction.
• Status
COMPONENTS
OF SOCIETY • Role
STATUS
the social position that a person holds
STATUS
can be ascribed or achieved
ROLE
the behavior expected of someone
who holds a particular status.
ROLE CONFLICT
conflict among roles corresponding
to two or more statuses.
ROLE STRAIN
tension among the roles connected to
a single status.
TSCHI Senior High School
SITUATION Department will hold its

Acquaintance Party after the
pandemic 3 weeks from now. The
School Administrators opened its
doors for ideas and proposal to
students who are interested to take
over the party planning.
Create a proposal for the Acquaintance Party. Include in
your proposal the following consideration but not
limited to:
Theme and Outfit (Dresscode)

Policies
Food
Venue and Decorations
Budget (Where, How, How much)
Committee
Thank you!

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CULTURE AND

CULTURE habits acquired by man as a

CULTURE includes what we think, how we

Dominant or Mainstream Subculture

Counterculture "High" Culture

How do is a view that a particular group is the

people view practice of judging another culture by the

their culture? Multiculturalism

people view holds that a person’s beliefs, values and

○ Culture is learned: Culture is often called “learned ways of behavior”.

SITUATION Department will hold its

Theme and Outfit (Dresscode)

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