Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 61 views

    Acid-Base Indicators

    Uploaded by

    zaman abadi
    Acid-base indicators are weak acids or bases that change color based on pH. Common indicators include litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange. Their pH ranges determine where in a titration curve the color change occurs. Methyl orange changes from red to yellow at pH 3.1-4.4 while phenolphthalein changes from colorless to pink at pH 8.3-10. The indicators' pK values dictate which are suitable for different titrations like strong acid-strong base, strong acid-weak base, or weak acid-weak base.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Acid-Base Indicators

    Uploaded by

    zaman abadi
    61 views20 pages
    Acid-base indicators are weak acids or bases that change color based on pH. Common indicators include litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange. Their pH ranges determine where in a titration curve the color change occurs. Methyl orange changes from red to yellow at pH 3.1-4.4 while phenolphthalein changes from colorless to pink at pH 8.3-10. The indicators' pK values dictate which are suitable for different titrations like strong acid-strong base, strong acid-weak base, or weak acid-weak base.

    Original Title

    ACID-BASE INDICATORS

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Acid-base indicators are weak acids or bases that change color based on pH. Common indicators include litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange. Their pH ranges determine where in a titration curve the color change occurs. Methyl orange changes from red to yellow at pH 3.1-4.4 while phenolphthalein changes from colorless to pink at pH 8.3-10. The indicators' pK values dictate which are suitable for different titrations like strong acid-strong base, strong acid-weak base, or weak acid-weak base.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    61 views20 pages

    Acid-Base Indicators

    Uploaded by

    zaman abadi
    Acid-base indicators are weak acids or bases that change color based on pH. Common indicators include litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange. Their pH ranges determine where in a titration curve the color change occurs. Methyl orange changes from red to yellow at pH 3.1-4.4 while phenolphthalein changes from colorless to pink at pH 8.3-10. The indicators' pK values dictate which are suitable for different titrations like strong acid-strong base, strong acid-weak base, or weak acid-weak base.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    ACID-BASE INDICATORS

    An acid-base indicator is a weak acid or a weak base.

    Examples of indictors used in acid base reactions


    -Litmus
    -Phenolphthalein
    -Methyl orange

    thymol blue, tropeolin OO, methyl yellow, methyl orange, bromphenol


    blue, bromcresol green, methyl red, bromthymol blue, phenol red,
    neutral red, phenolphthalein, thymolphthalein, alizarin yellow,
    tropeolin O, nitramine, and trinitrobenzoic acid.
    The pH range of indictors
    Indictors dose not change colour sharply at one
    particular pH, they change over a narrow range of pH

    indctors pK nd i pH
    litmus 6.5 5-8

    methylorange 3.7 3.1-4.4

    phenophthaline 9.3 8.3-10.0


    Litmus
    • Indicators as weak acids Litmus
    • Litmus is a weak acid. It has a seriously
    complicated molecule which we will
    simplify to HLit. The "H" is the proton
    which can be given away to something
    else. The "Lit" is the rest of the weak acid
    molecule.

    The un-ionised litmus is red The ionised litmus is blue


    What happened when
    • Adding hydrogen ions
    • Adding hydroxide ion
    If the concentrations of HLit and Lit
    - are equal:
    • At some point during the movement of the position of equilibrium,
    the concentrations of the two colours will become equal. The colour
    you see will be a mixture of the two.

    red blue
    brown
    Phenolphthalein
    • is a chemical compound with the formula C20H14O4 (often written as "HIn" or
    "phph"). Often used in titrations, it turns colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic
    solutions

    Collarless acidic
    Pkind value
    indictor Pkind

    litmus 6.5

    methylorange 3.7

    phenolphthaline 9.3
    • The importance of pKind

    • Think of what happened through the color change.at this point the
    concentration of the acid and its ion are equal

    • pH=pkind
    • This means that the end point for the indictor depends entiry on
    what pKind value is
    Methyl orange
    What is methyl orange? How is it made?
    Methyl orange is an intensely colored compound used in dyeing and printing
    textiles. It is also known as C.I. Acid Orange 52, C.I. 13025, helianthine B,
    Orange III, Gold orange, and Tropaeolin D. Chemists use methyl orange as an
    indicator in the titration of weak bases with strong acids. It changes from red
    (at pH 3.1) to orange-yellow (at pH 4.4):

    pH-related color changes result from changes in the way electrons are
    confined in a molecule when hydrogen ions are attached or detached. Methyl
    orange in acidic solution.

    Methyl orange in basic solution. Methyl orange in acidic solution.


    Titration curves for strong base with strong acid

    indctors pK nd i pH

    methylorange 3.7 3.1-4.4


    phenophthaline 9.3 8.3-10.0

    Both of ph.ph and M.O. are useful


    Titration curves for strong acid v weak base

    • This time we are going to use hydrochloric


    acid as the strong acid and ammonia
    solution as the weak base.

    indctors pK nd i pH
    methylorange 3.7 3.1-4.4
    phenophthaline 9.3 8.3-10.0

    MO is useful and ph.ph is useless


    Titration of weak base with strong acid

    indictor pKind pH
    Methyl orange 3.7 3.1-4.4

    Phenolphaline 9.3 8.3-10.0

    M.O is useful phph is useless


    Choosing indictor for titration

    Titration of weak base with


    strong acid

    indictor pKind pH
    Methyl orange 3.7 3.1-4.4

    Phenolphaline 9.3 8.3-10.0

    Both phph and M.O are useful


    Titration curves for weak base v strong acid

    indctors pK nd i pH
    methylorange 3.7 3.1-4.4
    phenophthaline 9.3 8.3-10.0

    Ph.ph is useful M.O is useless


    Titration curves for weak base with week
    acid
    indctors pK nd i pH
    methylorange 3.7 3.1-4.4

    phenophthaline 9.3 8.3-10.0

    Both phph and MO are useless


    Titration of sodium carbonate with
    HCl

    Phph useful for detect first


    endpoint
    MO is useful for detect the
    second end point
    A summary of the important
    curves

    The way you normally carry out


    a titration involves adding the
    acid to the alkali. Here are
    reduced versions of the graphs
    described above so that you
    can see them all together

    You might also like