Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 162 views

    Gerunds and Clauses

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Yadav
    Gerunds are verb forms that function as nouns within sentences. There are six main types of gerunds including gerunds as subjects, objects, and after prepositions. Gerunds differ from present participles, which act as verbs, and some verbs must be followed by gerunds rather than infinitives. Clauses with "because" are used to give reasons for things using a subject and verb followed by "because" and another clause.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Gerunds and Clauses

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Yadav
    162 views16 pages
    Gerunds are verb forms that function as nouns within sentences. There are six main types of gerunds including gerunds as subjects, objects, and after prepositions. Gerunds differ from present participles, which act as verbs, and some verbs must be followed by gerunds rather than infinitives. Clauses with "because" are used to give reasons for things using a subject and verb followed by "because" and another clause.

    Original Description:

    English Grammer

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Gerunds are verb forms that function as nouns within sentences. There are six main types of gerunds including gerunds as subjects, objects, and after prepositions. Gerunds differ from present participles, which act as verbs, and some verbs must be followed by gerunds rather than infinitives. Clauses with "because" are used to give reasons for things using a subject and verb followed by "because" and another clause.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    162 views16 pages

    Gerunds and Clauses

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Yadav
    Gerunds are verb forms that function as nouns within sentences. There are six main types of gerunds including gerunds as subjects, objects, and after prepositions. Gerunds differ from present participles, which act as verbs, and some verbs must be followed by gerunds rather than infinitives. Clauses with "because" are used to give reasons for things using a subject and verb followed by "because" and another clause.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    GERUNDS

    AND CLAUSES WITH BECAUSE


    GERUNDS
    A gerund is a special type of verb form that functions as a noun within a
    sentence. We use gerunds regularly in daily life! 

    A gerund can be used as a subject or an object. For e.g.

    • Drinking excessively is bad for your health.


    • The most important part of my morning routine is showering.
    • I love to go swimming.
    TYPES OF GERUNDS

    There are six main types of gerunds. Let's look at them now.
    • Gerunds as subjects - Gerunds can function as the main subject of the sentence, e.g. 'Swimming is great’
    • Gerunds as a subject complement - Gerunds can also complement the main subject e.g. 'My favourite hobby is
    swimming'. Here, the subject is 'favourite hobby' and the complement is 'swimming'.
    • Gerunds as direct objects - Gerunds can function as the object of the sentence, e.g. 'Mum came to admire my
    swimming.'
    • Gerunds as an object complement -e.g. 'I saw Will's swimming earlier'. Here, the subject is I, the object
    is Will, and the object complement is swimming.
    • Gerunds as objects of a preposition - Gerunds can also follow a preposition e.g. 'I am interested in swimming.'
    • Gerunds as objects of a possessive - Gerunds can be the object of a possessive e.g. 'He doesn't like her
    swimming.'
    GRAMMAR FOCUS
    GERUNDS VS. PRESENT PARTICIPLE

    The present participle is a verb form which describes a current action. It is formed by ending


    the inflection '-ing' to the base form of the verb.
    Here are some examples of sentences with present participles;
    • Tim is wearing his new shirt.
    • While Jane was running she experienced an asthma attack.
    • Rachel heard me crying yesterday.
    • Can you tell the difference between these examples and the previous examples?
    In these examples, the -ing words refer to an action that is or was ongoing. They are verbs
    acting as verbs in the sentence.
    Remember: Present participles act as verbs in a sentence; gerunds act as nouns in a sentence.
    GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVE

    Sometimes we have no choice but to use gerunds as particular verbs can only be followed by
    gerunds (e.g. running) and not infinitives (e.g to run).
    Here is an example of a verb that can be followed by either a gerund or the infinitive form:
    • Despite my warnings, you continue to speak.
    • Despite my warnings, you continue speaking.
    The sentence remains grammatically correct if the infinitive (to speak) is replaced by the gerund
    (speaking).
    However, not every verb can be followed by either an infinitive or gerund. Some verbs become
    grammatically incorrect if the gerund is replaced with an infinitive, and vice versa.
    GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVE

    Example:
    • I recommend using the Internet for research purposes.
    • I recommend to use the Internet for research purposes.
    If our gerund (using) is replaced with an infinitive, the sentence becomes grammatically incorrect.
    • Recommend is one of the verbs that must be followed by a gerund.
    Here are some other verbs that are only followed by gerunds:
    • Stop: Stop running down the road.
    • Enjoy: I really enjoy reading before bed.
    • Keep: Michael keeps forgetting to turn the lights off.
    • Justify: You really cannot justify deciding to leave.
    • Finish: Did you finish washing the dishes?
    VERBS THAT TAKE ONLY
    GERUNDS

    Appreciate Avoid Keep Mention


    Delay Mind
    Deny Discuss Recommend
    Miss Postpone Resent suggest
    Dislike Enjoy Quit
    Excuse Finish
    Understand Recall
    CLAUSES WITH BECAUSE
    Vocabulary
    1. Gregarious – sociable
    2. Level-headed – calm in difficult situations
    3. Assertive - confident
    4. Resilient - be able to get over problems
    5. Sensitive – have an appreciation of the feelings of others.
    6. Resourceful - creative
    7. Tactful - be careful not to say anything that upsets or embarrasses
    others
    8. Sympathetic - help people out with personal problems
    9. Sensible - be able to judge things well, showing common sense
    10. Persuasive - get other people to agree with you
    11. Dependable - be reliable to other people
    12. Upbeat - optimistic
     
    EXAMPLES OF CLAUSES WITH
    BECAUSE
    I would like to be a tour guide because I´m good at speaking with people.

    I would make a good lawyer because I´m very persuasive.

    I would be a good flight attendant because I´m very communicative.

    I wouldn´t be a good doctor because I can´t stand the sight of blood.

    I could never be a good chef because I´m the clumsy type when it comes to preparing food.
    EXAMPLES OF CLAUSES WITH
    BECAUSE

    I wouldn´t want to be a stockbroker because I´m not perseverant.

    I would make a good career counsellor because I´m a good advisor.

    I would never be an IT technician because I dislike computer systems.

    I could be a surveyor because I love working outdoors.

    I´d love to be an agricultural engineer because I have analytical skills.


    GRAMMAR FOCUS
    GRAMMAR FOCUS

    You might also like