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    Angina Pektoris Stabil Ing

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    Muh Fathurrahman K
    1. Stable angina pectoris is chest pain or pressure that occurs when the heart does not receive enough blood and oxygen, typically caused by atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. 2. It is classified as typical angina, atypical angina, or non-angina chest pain based on characteristics of the pain. 3. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, risk factors, ECG, imaging tests, and ruling out other potential causes of chest pain. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, medications like aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, and statins to manage symptoms and risk factors.

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    Angina Pektoris Stabil Ing

    Uploaded by

    Muh Fathurrahman K
    16 views15 pages
    1. Stable angina pectoris is chest pain or pressure that occurs when the heart does not receive enough blood and oxygen, typically caused by atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. 2. It is classified as typical angina, atypical angina, or non-angina chest pain based on characteristics of the pain. 3. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, risk factors, ECG, imaging tests, and ruling out other potential causes of chest pain. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, medications like aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, and statins to manage symptoms and risk factors.

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    ANGINA PEKTORIS STABIL ING(1)

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    1. Stable angina pectoris is chest pain or pressure that occurs when the heart does not receive enough blood and oxygen, typically caused by atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. 2. It is classified as typical angina, atypical angina, or non-angina chest pain based on characteristics of the pain. 3. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, risk factors, ECG, imaging tests, and ruling out other potential causes of chest pain. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, medications like aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, and statins to manage symptoms and risk factors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    16 views15 pages

    Angina Pektoris Stabil Ing

    Uploaded by

    Muh Fathurrahman K
    1. Stable angina pectoris is chest pain or pressure that occurs when the heart does not receive enough blood and oxygen, typically caused by atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. 2. It is classified as typical angina, atypical angina, or non-angina chest pain based on characteristics of the pain. 3. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, risk factors, ECG, imaging tests, and ruling out other potential causes of chest pain. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, medications like aspirin, nitrates, beta blockers, and statins to manage symptoms and risk factors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    STABLE ANGINA PECTORIS

    Nur Ramadhani Ulfa


    C014191003
    Pembimbing
    dr. Pendrik Tandean, Sp.PD-KKV
    DEFINITION

    • Angina pectoris or angina is the symptoms of chest pain or pressure occurs when the
    heart does not receive enough sufficient blood and oxygen supply. In general, angina used
    to be caused by atheroma plaque which built by piled up of cholesterol lipid or other
    structures in the coronary arteries.
    CLASSIFICATION

    1. Typical Angina
    Chest pain fulfill the below 3 characteristics
    a) Uneasy feelings in the substernal for certain duration
    b) Aggravated by activities and stress
    c) Relieved by resting and nitrate
    2. Atypical Angina
    Has two symptoms of typical angina and same characteristics but do not have trigger factor such as
    stress. Pain starts during the resting time which stays up to 15 minutes.
    CLASSIFICATION

    3. Non Angina Chest Pain


    Chest pain which will not relieved by nitrite, that will stay for several hours or even days.
    APS DEGREE CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
    CANADIAN CARDIOVASCULAR SOCIETY
    • Class 1 : Normal activities will not cause angina, such as walking on climbing ladders. Angina will
    show up when straining or quick activities and after long time working or sports activities.
    • Class 2 : A limited restriction during normal activities. Angina during quick activities or climbing
    ladders after eating or cold weather, angina during emotional stress, or a few hours after wake up.
    Walking more than two blocks or climbing fastly or in normal condition.
    • Class 3 : Distinct restriction on normal physical activities. Angina shows up during walking around
    one or two blocks, climbing on floor in normal condition.
    • Class 4 : Unable to do physical activities without feeling uncomfortable, angina could show up
    when during the resting time.
    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

    FACTORS OUTSIDE THE CARDIAC


    Hypertension, systemic, tachyarrhythmia, thyrotoxicosis, using drugs to increase demand
    on O2 myocardial that will unbalance the demand and supply O2 to myocardial.
    Thrombocyte stenosis aggregation in coronary artery will cause turbulence of blood flow
    that will cause increasing thrombocyte aggregation which will ended to thrombus formation
    and this condition will ease for vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
    PATHOGENESIS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
    RUPTURING PROCESS OF THE ATHEROMA
    PLAQUE

    1. Can not be modified: age, sex, family history


    2. Risk factors that can be modified: smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity,
    Diabetes Mellitus
    DIAGNOSIS

    • ANAMNESIS
    • PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
    • ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY (ECG)
    • CHEST RADIOGRAPH
    • ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
    • MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI)
    • ANAMNESIS
    - Which location? In the chest round sternum near epigastrium area
    - How is the pain characteristics? Such as chest pressure, tightness, inflame
    - Duration over than fifteen minutes
    - Aggravating factors and relieving factors. Is it aggravated by activities?
    PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
    Anemia, hypertension, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, kidney disease,
    Diabetes Mellitus but usually in the physical examination is not specific for stable angina
    pectoris.
    ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
    In electrocardiography, stable angina pectoris indicated ST segment depression, sometimes
    shows elevation or ST segment normalization, sometimes indicated elevation or ST segment
    normalization or T wave usually not specific; can be stated as angina.
    RADIOGRAPHY
    To evaluate whether there is symptoms of congestive heart failure and other causes such as
    pneumothorax, lungs infection, and mass, pulmonal hypertension or whether there is
    mediastinal widening.
    MRI
    For detection whether there is complications of myocardial infarction
    FARMACOLOGY

    • Aspirin
    • Nitrate
    • Beta blocker
    • Statin
    PROGNOSIS

    • Symptoms during resting time shows bad prognosis. Besides when the continuous pain
    occur or tachycardia, hypotension, and heart failure also the sign of increasing risk.
    THANK YOU

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