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    Actuators

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    harishcsharma
    This document discusses different types of actuators that convert fluid power into mechanical power, including hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders as well as motors. It describes single and double acting cylinders, rotary cylinders, oscillators, and telescoping cylinders. It also covers cylinder operation and factors that influence cylinder speed such as pressure and flow. Guidelines are provided for sizing cylinders and selecting flow control valves. Potential issues like side loading and rod buckling are also addressed. Advantages and disadvantages of air motors are outlined.

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    Actuators

    Uploaded by

    harishcsharma
    36 views24 pages
    This document discusses different types of actuators that convert fluid power into mechanical power, including hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders as well as motors. It describes single and double acting cylinders, rotary cylinders, oscillators, and telescoping cylinders. It also covers cylinder operation and factors that influence cylinder speed such as pressure and flow. Guidelines are provided for sizing cylinders and selecting flow control valves. Potential issues like side loading and rod buckling are also addressed. Advantages and disadvantages of air motors are outlined.

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    Actuator

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    This document discusses different types of actuators that convert fluid power into mechanical power, including hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders as well as motors. It describes single and double acting cylinders, rotary cylinders, oscillators, and telescoping cylinders. It also covers cylinder operation and factors that influence cylinder speed such as pressure and flow. Guidelines are provided for sizing cylinders and selecting flow control valves. Potential issues like side loading and rod buckling are also addressed. Advantages and disadvantages of air motors are outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    36 views24 pages

    Actuators

    Uploaded by

    harishcsharma
    This document discusses different types of actuators that convert fluid power into mechanical power, including hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders as well as motors. It describes single and double acting cylinders, rotary cylinders, oscillators, and telescoping cylinders. It also covers cylinder operation and factors that influence cylinder speed such as pressure and flow. Guidelines are provided for sizing cylinders and selecting flow control valves. Potential issues like side loading and rod buckling are also addressed. Advantages and disadvantages of air motors are outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Actuators

    • Converts fluid power to mechanical power.


    • Single acting cylinders
    • Double acting cylinders
    • Vane Cylinders
    • Rotary Cylinders (also non-rotating)
    • Hydraulic and Air motors
    • Oscillators (back and forth rotary motion)
    • Telescoping Cylinders
    Hydraulic Cylinders
    Pneumatic Cylinders
    Double Acting Cylinders
    Non-Differential Cylinder
    Single Acting Cylinders

    May be of the PUSH or PULL types. (Spring and


    connection can be reversed)
    Cushions
    Telescoping Cylinder
    Cylinder Operation
    • To hold the load, the fluid pressure must
    balance the load pressure.
    • To move the load, fluid pressure must be
    greater than the minimum needed to
    balance the load pressure and overcome
    friction.
    Speed of an Air Cylinder
    • The higher the air pressure, the faster the
    cylinder will move.
    • Speed limited only by air resistance in
    lines and valves.
    • 25% to 100% over-pressure is supplied
    but speed is adjusted by constricting air
    flow (designing to get a particular speed is
    not accurate)
    Speed of a hydraulic cylinder
    • Volumetric flow from the pump limits the
    speed of the cylinder.
    Sizing a Cylinder
    • Starting with air pressure 75% less than
    available air pressure, determine the bore
    needed to produce the desired force.
    • Consult a handbook to select a
    combination of bore diameter and load
    balance pressure.
    Pneumatic Symbols
    Flow Control Valves
    Flow control
    • Used to adjust speed of actuation
    • Normally, only one flow control valve is needed
    for hydraulic cylinders.
    • Normally two valves are used with air cylinders.
    • Meter-out gives smooth control with high
    pressure on the piston throughout stroke
    • Meter-in gives more gradual pressure rise as
    the piston advances against a load.
    Hydraulic meter-out
    Meter-In Air flow Control
    Cylinder Attachment Points
    • Lug

    • Flange

    • Trunion

    • Clevis
    Cylinder Cautions

    • Side loading
    – Rod Bearing Failure
    – Barrel scoring
    – Stop collar
    – Alignment
    • Column Strength
    – Rod buckling occurs where the diameter of
    the rod is too slim for the length of stroke and
    the size of the load force.
    Air Motors Advantages
    • Ease of speed control
    • Tolerance of Environment
    • Safety
    • Can be Stalled indefinitely while holding torque
    • Low first cost
    • Less Maintenance
    • Clean Leakage
    • Speed and torque adjust to load
    • Rapid acceleration
    • Lower HP per pound than electric
    Air Motor Disadvantages
    • Low operating efficiency
    • Poor speed self-regulation
    • Low power level.
    • Variable torque
    • Noisy
    Rotary Vane Air Motor
    Radial Piston Air Motors
    Axial piston with Planetary Reducer

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