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    Ethernet Frame Format

    Uploaded by

    Anish Kumar
    The document summarizes the IEEE standard for LANs. It describes how the IEEE divided the data link layer into the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC provides flow and error control across all IEEE LANs using a single protocol, while the MAC sublayer defines the specific access method for each type of LAN, such as CSMA/CD for Ethernet and token passing for Token Ring/Bus LANs. It then focuses on describing the original Ethernet standard, including its MAC frame format and fields like destination address, source address, length/type, data, and CRC.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ethernet Frame Format

    Uploaded by

    Anish Kumar
    13 views16 pages
    The document summarizes the IEEE standard for LANs. It describes how the IEEE divided the data link layer into the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC provides flow and error control across all IEEE LANs using a single protocol, while the MAC sublayer defines the specific access method for each type of LAN, such as CSMA/CD for Ethernet and token passing for Token Ring/Bus LANs. It then focuses on describing the original Ethernet standard, including its MAC frame format and fields like destination address, source address, length/type, data, and CRC.

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    Ethernet_Frame_Format (1)

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    The document summarizes the IEEE standard for LANs. It describes how the IEEE divided the data link layer into the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC provides flow and error control across all IEEE LANs using a single protocol, while the MAC sublayer defines the specific access method for each type of LAN, such as CSMA/CD for Ethernet and token passing for Token Ring/Bus LANs. It then focuses on describing the original Ethernet standard, including its MAC frame format and fields like destination address, source address, length/type, data, and CRC.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    13 views16 pages

    Ethernet Frame Format

    Uploaded by

    Anish Kumar
    The document summarizes the IEEE standard for LANs. It describes how the IEEE divided the data link layer into the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer. The LLC provides flow and error control across all IEEE LANs using a single protocol, while the MAC sublayer defines the specific access method for each type of LAN, such as CSMA/CD for Ethernet and token passing for Token Ring/Bus LANs. It then focuses on describing the original Ethernet standard, including its MAC frame format and fields like destination address, source address, length/type, data, and CRC.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    IEEE standard for LANs

    13.1
    13.2
    The IEEE has subdivided the data link layer into two sublayers:
    logical link control (LLC) and media access control (MAC).

    IEEE has also created several physical layer


    standards for different LAN protocols.

    Data link control handles framing, flow control, and error control. In
    IEEE, flow control, error control, and part of the framing duties are
    collected into one sublayer called the logical link control.

    Framing is handled in both the LLC sublayer and the MAC sublayer.

    The purpose of the LLC is to provide flow and error control for the
    upper-layer protocols that actually demand these services

    13.3
    The LLC provides one single data link control
    protocol for all IEEE LANs.

    In this way, the LLC is different from the media


    access control sublayer, which provides different
    protocols for different LANs.

    13.4
    Media access control that defines the specific access method for each
    LAN.

    For example, it defines CSMA/CD as the media access method for


    Ethernet LANs and the token passing method for Token Ring and
    Token Bus LANs.

    In contrast to the LLC sublayer, the MAC sublayer contains a number


    of distinct modules; each defines the access method and the framing
    format specific to the corresponding LAN protocol.

    13.5
    ANDARD ETHERNET

    The original Ethernet was created in 1976 at Xerox’s


    Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). Since then, it has
    gone through four generations. We briefly discuss the
    Standard (or traditional) Ethernet in this section.

    Topics discussed in this section:


    MAC Sublayer
    Physical Layer

    13.6
    Ethernet evolution through four generations

    13.7
    802.3 MAC frame

    13.8
    Preamble: The first field of MAC frame contains 7 bytes (56 bits) of
    alternating Os and Is that alerts the receiving system to the coming
    frame and enables it to synchronize its input timing.

    The pattern provides only an alert and a timing pulse. The 56-bit
    pattern allows the stations to miss some bits at the beginning of the
    frame.

    The preamble is actually added at the physical layer and is not


    (formally) part of the frame.

    Start frame delimiter (SFD). The second field (l byte: 10101011)


    signals the beginning of the frame. The SFD warns the station or
    stations that this is the last chance for synchronization. The last 2 bits
    is 11 and alerts the receiver that the next field is the destination
    address.

    13.9
    Destination address (DA). The DA field is 6 bytes and contains the
    physical address of the destination station or stations to receive the
    packet.

    Source address (SA). The SA field is also 6 bytes and contains the
    physical address of the sender of the packet.

    Length or type. This field is defined as a type field or length field. The
    original Ethernet used this field as the type field to define the upper-layer
    protocol using the MAC frame. The IEEE standard used it as the length
    field to define the number of bytes in the data field.

    o Data. This field carries data encapsulated from the upper-layer


    protocols. It is a minimum of 46 and a maximum of 1500 bytes, as we
    will see later.

    o CRC. The last field contains error detection information,

    13.10
    Minimum and maximum lengths

    13.11
    Note

    Frame length:
    Minimum: 64 bytes (512 bits)
    Maximum: 1518 bytes (12,144 bits)

    13.12
    Example of an Ethernet address in hexadecimal notation

    13.13
    Unicast and multicast addresses

    13.14
    Note

    The least significant bit of the first byte


    defines the type of address.
    If the bit is 0, the address is unicast;
    otherwise, it is multicast.

    13.15
    Note

    The broadcast destination address is a


    special case of the multicast address in
    which all bits are 1s.

    13.16

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