CES 2

NEW FACE OF TRAVEL &

TOURISM WITH IT
MADE BY –
GROUP 9
ARMAAN DULAT 0201BBA066
HIMANSHU CHAUDHARY 0201BBA082
MOHAK ARORA 0201BBA090
PARUL POONIA 0201BBA521
YUKESH BATRA 0201BBA118
KUSHANK BHATIA 0201BBA088
INTRODUCTIO
N
Tourism continues to be one of the sectors hit hardest by the
COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for countries in the Asia-
Pacific region and Western Hemisphere. Governments in these
regions, and elsewhere, have taken measures to ease the
economic shock to households and businesses, but longer-term
the industry will need to adapt to a post-pandemic “new
normal.” Post-pandemic, a continuing shift toward ecotourism—
a fast-growing industry focused on conservation and local job
creation—could give an additional boost to the industry. This is
already a key element of Costa Rica’s tourism strategy. Thailand
too is trying to shift to niche markets, including adventure travel
and health and wellness tours. Technology can also play an
important role. With social distancing and health and hygiene
protocols likely to remain in place for the foreseeable future,
touchless service delivery and investments in digital technology
could be a bridge to recovery.
TOURISM OVER THE
YEARS
BY MOHAK ARORA
Over the past six decades, tourism has experienced an exceptional
growth from 25 million international tourist arrivals in 1950 to 527
million in 1995 and 1,135 million in 2014.1 Despite economic
crises, natural disaster, health threats, geopolitical conflicts and
social unrest, tourism has grown largely uninterrupted and has
proven to be one of the most dynamic economic activities in the
world. What used to be a rather elite class phenomenon limited to a
few European and North American markets has now become in
reach for an increasing number of people - a development driven by
the demand of an emerging middle class across the globe, the
expansion of technology and the decline in transport costs,
particularly in air travel. Tourism’s expansion is set to continue
over the coming decades, albeit at a slower speed.
According to UNWTO’s long-term outlook
Tourism Towards 2030, international arrivals
are expected to increase by 3.3 per cent per year
between 2010 and 2030, resulting in an
estimated 1.8 billion tourists travelling
internationally in 2030 and five times as many
domestically. Arrivals will grow faster in
emerging economies, which are expected to
receive 58 per cent of all international tourists
by 2030, with the largest increase taking place
in Asia and the Pacific. Notwithstanding,
Europe is projected to continue being the most
visited destination region in the world while
Northeast Asia is expected to be the most
visited sub-region
CASE STUDY 1
By HIMANSHU CHAUDHARY
The rapid developments in IT have revolutionised tourism operations and the way
companies and countries lure tourists, resulting in stiff competition in the global
tourism industry. IT has become the ‘umbilical cord’ of tourism as it has assumed
a crucial role in the survival and performance of tourism destinations. However,
IT is a double-edged sword as it can be used with considerable effect either in
promoting or downgrading tourism destinations. For example, in situations where
a tourism destination is receiving negative publicity, IT has the disadvantage of
spreading that adverse information quickly to a global audience. This study is an
important contribution to the body of knowledge on the demise of tourism in
Zimbabwe in general but specifically focusing on the role of ITs between 2000
and 2016.This research was conducted through a comprehensive literature
review , mainly focusing on multiple peer-reviewed journal articles, books and
conference papers from 2000 to 2016, before the Emmerson Mnangagwa-led
government came to power. The selection of articles was purposive. Only those
that provided deep insights and in-depth understanding as well as a proper
representation of Zimbabwe’s tourism sector in line with the purpose of the
research were selected.
The available literature strongly points out that a
combination of IT, especially the internet, government
policies deemed retrogressive and economic refugees
emigrating from tourist-seeking countries have contributed
to the soiling of the image, reputation and identity of
Zimbabwe as an attractive tourism destination on a global
scale. This has had an adverse effect on the growth of the
tourism sector in the country. Thus, IT can negatively impact
tourism, and thus, countries intending to lure visitors to their
tourism destinations should avoid policies, events and
activities that can result in bad publicity in the international
media. On the other hand, there is no denying that if used
properly IT can also help to successfully rebrand a tourism
destination. For this reason, it is important for national
tourism strategies to encompass and interconnect both
physical and virtual tourism promotion methods.
RESEARCH PAPER 1
BY ARMAAN DULAT
In India, Internet use is primarily restricted to browsing the
Internet to access mail services or exploring various websites; the
Indian customer is still wary about using the Internet for shopping
or banking. The research was conducted with people who were
aware of online travel services and used them to plan their
holidays or business trips. It was carried out with the help of
travel agents and firms in Allahabad, a class B city in Northern
India. The purpose of selecting a non-metropolitan town was to
understand general customer attitudes towards online travel firms.
Customers in metropolitan cities are more affluent and have
access to a greater variety of services as compared to customers in
a non-metropolitan city Indian holiday travel is unique, as it
focuses on visits to pilgrimage places rather than exclusively on
sightseeing. Employees in the banking sector and government
sector receive special rates and concessions for vacations once a
year.
Most Indians avail these concessions for visiting pilgrimage places
with their families and elderly parents. The definition of a tourist
destination for the Indian customer is very different from that of other
nationalities, as it imbibes cultural and religious beliefs rather than the
concepts of relaxation or family outing. Holiday planning involves
attending marriage ceremonies, family get-togethers and family
functions. Online travel firms in India must combine the religious and
social beliefs of Indian customers while planning tour packages. The
study concludes that the Indian customer is influenced by the service
convenience attributes of online travel firms. However, the consumers
place less importance on the trust and security aspects in financial
transactions, than on other service attributes of online travel websites.
If the services offered by these websites are increased coupled with
display of relevant information about destinations, the Indian customer
would be encouraged to visit these websites and use them for vacation
planning.
CASE STUDY 2
BY PARUL POONIA
The tourism industry is primed to take advantage of social media outlets,
as the industry has long relied largely on destination reputation,
consumer opinion, spread of information, and positive word-of-mouth
advertising. Understanding the importance of marketing and advertising
to catch the attention of tourists, Madhya Pradesh government hired a
reputed brand and advertising agency to construct a tourism friendly
image too. Social Media is an extremely effective form of marketing
which can be used to increase brand awareness, brand loyalty, customer
service, and lead to increased sales. It can be used to present a business
brand to millions of people worldwide. As social media continues to
grow, so will the importance of harnessing it as a marketing tool for all
industries. Understanding the fact that majority of tourists in India are
domestic tourists, it has used TV commercials to promote its tourism.
The move has worked well for them and has helped Madhya Pradesh
move up the ranking of states in terms of share of tourists visiting the
state.
Madhya Pradesh Tourism has been ahead of the current as
far as other states are concerned. It has a comprehensive
social media coverage that gives all the necessary
information and much more. This online approach has
helped Create a professional aid image for Madhya
Pradesh Tourism. Current cut throat tourism market
situation indicates that social media advertising can, indeed
justify the high costs associated with this form of
advertising i.e. probably the economic advantage, generate
extensive PR leverage for brand image for Madhya
Pradesh Tourism etc. A aid challenge for Madhya Pradesh
tourism establishments social media marketing efforts lies
in the increasing the number of tourist arrivals into the
state with diversification of interests, tastes, and demands
of tourists.
RESEARCH PAPER 2
BY KUSHANK BHATIA
Information technology has introduced e-commerce through the development of the
Internet and the World Wide Web. These developments have impacted both
consumer and industry behaviors in the areas of travel and tourism. Consumers have
more options regarding vacation and budget planning. 95 per cent of web users have
searched the Internet to gather travel related information. 93 per cent visited
destination web sites and nearly one half used e-mail to gather travel-related
information (Xinran, Dae-Young &Morrison, 2006). Almost three-fourths of online
travel buyers used search engines prior to making their purchases. In addition to the
Internet, technology gadgets such as GPS’s , mobile phones, smart phones and hand-
held devices have improved consumers’ tourism and travel experiences. Information
accessibility regarding travel, destination, booking s, payments, hotels, attractions,
and the quality of maps are areas for improvement . Information and
Communication Technologies (ICT) have affected the travel and tourism industry for
at least 50 years, particularly in the areas of automation and networking of
distribution channels. Local travel agents that used the global distribution system
have adjusted marketing strategies and expanded services in order to realize
increased competitive advantage
 Local tourism business comprehension and
utilization of the Internet has permitted
increased visibility in additional market
segments. Businesses have increased
services globally by registering with online
travel agents, online advertising agents, and
inter-organizational reservation systems. In
addition, many businesses have developed
websites which offer planning, booking and
payment services online for added consumer
convenience. Businesses that have not made
use of the Internet cannot compete and
therefore they must grasp the opportunity
before they are out-competed by those that
have.
CONCLUSION
BY YUKESH BATRA
Travelers continue to seek authentic experiences. The tools they
use to research and book these experiences are constantly
changing due to innovations in technology. Destinations are also
challenged by limited financial resources and strong competition
for tourist dollars from other iconic and even lesser known
locations. The personalisation of travel suggests that
independent travel will have a stronger presence than group
travel, however, we must always consider the type of traveler .
The travel services sector is being forced to innovate at a startling
rate . In the past, face to face consultations with a travel agent
was paramount for booking both leisure and business travel.
Technology and global circumstances, such as pandemics,
financial collapses, and terrorism, have put pressure on tourism
and travel services. With the development of OTAs and emerging
and disruptive technologies, the travel services landscape is
constantly changing.