DAY 1-LAKKUNDI

VILLAGE
INTRODUCTION
LOCATION
Lakkundi in gadag district of Karnataka is a village
on the way to Hampi from Hubballi. Lakkundi
11 km from Gadag in the east.

HISTORY
The village is referred as Lokki-gundi in its
inscriptions. As per inscriptions, this agrahara was kasivishveshwara
established by Rama during Ramayana period.
Lakkundi was an ancient Agrahara and a great
centre of educational and religious activities,
particularly during the rule of the Chalukyas of
Kalyana. The earliest inscription found here
suggest influence of Jainism in this area during
those times

ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
Lakkundi is a place of antiquarian interest, with temples , stepwells, and acient inscriptions.
At Lakkundi all the temples are made of green schist and the outer walls and entrances are very richly
decorated. The shikhara is an in-between-style type and the parapet and the artistic division of the wall with
pilasters is typical of the south-Indian style. Lakkundi is also a treasure house of many important Inscription
 LAKKUNDI STEP WELL
• There are numerous ancient wells in Lakkundi in
which Chateer Bavi , kanne Bavi and Musukina Bavi
are popular for their carvings architectural beauty
and Musukina bavi is next to manikeshwara temple
is popular asthetically built small canopied niches
inside the wall of wells enshring lingas.
• Here in Lakkundi the tank is dug deep with stone
steps built into the sites almost all the way to the
base.
• There are entry point into the tank on three sides.
The main entry in the south, over the flight of steps Musukina bavi,
on southern side is two storey Mantapa built using
heavy stone pillars.
• This mandapa acted as social congregational spaces
and people used it for halting and relaxing .
• The stepwell was used for temple religious
ceremonies only and not for every day public use.

Plan
 NANNESVARA TEMPLE

• The Nannesvara temple is of later Chalukya style

protected as a monument by the archaeological
survey of India.
• Temple follows the same basic plan as the
Kasivisvesvara Temple, minus the auxiliary
shrine.
• It is a single shrined temple and consists of
Garbha Griha that connects to a Mantapa . This
opens to a pillared open hall . The whole
structure stands on a raised platform Jagati.
• Special attention was paid to moulding , arches
and decorations on doorjambs and lintels.
• The material used is soapstone which is an
innovation of Chalukyan architecture.
 CHITRA VISHVANATH HOUSES

• Chitra Vishwanath Architects is a firm based in

Bangalore, India, focusing on ecology and architecture.
The philosophy followed is to employ local resources in
an optimized way to plan considering the natural
elements, passively and actively and to render the social
impact of construction positive, improving lifestyle
quality of both, the doers and the users.
• ‘Mud’ is a major component since it is well suited for
local conditions, is relatively labour intensive and
locally available. It is used in the form of compressed
stabilized blocks.
• Throughout the years many have developed a large team
capable of delivering high quality construction within
respected budget and timeframe.
• Alternative systems used : wastewater treatment system,
grey water recycling system, rainwater harvesting, solar
and wind energy generation systems. These buildings
can attract local plants and birds so as to create unique
and comfortable spaces.
 BRAHMA JINALAYA BASTI
• It is one of the oldest jain temple in lakkundi.
• It includes a beautiful idol of four faced Brahma. It
was designed by Queen Attimabbe, the wife of
Chanukya Chieftain.
• It was built on a square based plan and has a single
shrine having a five storied Vimana, it has a Mukha
Mandapaand an open pillared hall. Vimana is
connected to mantapa.
• Three notable sculptures :
1. Mahavira sculpture
2. Brahma’s sculpture
3. Godess saraswati
• The material used here is Chaloritic Schist i.e.
soapstone.
• The height of the temple is less compared to
temples built by Badami Chalukyas due to small
masonry.
• The architecture includes of increased
ornamentation and articulation (known as Vesara
Architecture).
 SOME OTHER TEMPLES IN LAKKUNDI
Example Period Style Orientation No. of Pedest
kutas al

1. Sri.Basavanna Chalukya Chalukya South Ekakuta No

Temple Direction

2. Sri.Neelakantha Chalukya Chalukya East Ekakuta No

Temple Direction

3. Sri.Mallikarjuna Chalukya Chalukya East Ekakuta No

Temple Direction

Sri.Basavanna Temple Sri.Neelakantha Temple Sri.Mallikarjuna Temple

NOTES
 DAY2-HAMPI

INTRODUCTION
• Virupaksha temple
• Hazara Rama Temple
• Balakrishna Temple
• Pushkarni
ABOUT HAMPI
• Hampi, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
located in east-central Karnataka, India.
• It became the centre of the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire capital in the 14th century. Chronicles left by
Persian and European travellers, particularly the Portuguese, state Hampi was a prosperous, wealthy
and grand city near the Tungabhadra River, with numerous temples, farms and trading markets.
• Located in Karnataka near the modern-era city of Hosapete, Hampi's ruins are spread over 4,100
hectares (16 sq mi) and it has been described by UNESCO as an "austere, grandiose site" of more
than 1,600 surviving remains of the last great Hindu kingdom in South India that includes "forts,
riverside features, royal and sacred complexes, temples, shrines, pillared halls, mandapas, memorial
structures, water structures and others“
• Hampi predates the Vijayanagara Empire; there is evidence of Ashokan epigraphy, and it is
mentioned in the Ramayana and the Puranas of Hinduism as Pampaa Devi Tirtha Kshetra.
• Hampi continues to be an important religious centre, housing the Virupaksha Temple, an active Adi
Shankara-linked monastery and various monuments belonging to the old city.
• Vijayanagara architecture of 1336–1565CE was a notable building idiom that developed during the
rule of the imperial Hindu Vijayanagar Empire. The empire ruled South India, from their regal capital
at Vijayanagara, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in modern Karnataka, India. The empire built
temples, monuments, palaces and other structures across South India, with a largest concentration in
its capital. The monuments in and around Hampi, in the Vijayanagara principality, are listed as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site.
 VIRUPAKSHA TEMPLE

• Virupaksha Temple is located in Hampi in the Ballari district of Karnataka, India. It is

part of the Group of Monuments at Hampi, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage
Site
• The temple is situated on the southern bank of the river Tungabhadra, facing east
• The temple is dedicated to Shiva.
• The temple consists of garbhagriha, three anti-chambers, sabhamantapha or navaranga
and mukamantapa.
• The whole temple complex is surrounded by prakara with pillared cloisters, entrances
and small shrines in addition to pillared mantapa

THE GARBHAGRIHA THE SABHAMANTAPA THE MUKAMANTAPA

It is square and enshrines It is square and stands on It was added in 1510 A.D
the shiv-linga which is four central pillars set on by the king
being worshiped since the an elevated floor krishnadevaraya. This
7th century A.D without any mantapa consists of 38
break till today. pillars with entrances on
3sides with a flight of steps
 MANMATHA HONDA (TANK) TUNGABADHARA RIVER
RAYA GOPURA

SABHAMANTAPA

GARBHAGRIHA EASTERN GOPURA

ENTRANCE

PILLARED HALL

INNER COUARTYARD OUTER COUARTYARD

N
 Hazara Rama Temple, Hampi: A story Carved in Stone

• Hazara Rama Temple in Hampi is an important shrine in Hampi. This, small but
beautiful temple is located at the center of the royal area
• The temple is dedicated to Lord Rama, a Hindu deity. The temple is famous for the
lovely bas relics and panels depicting the story of the epic Ramayana.
• Hazara Rama Temple was built in the early part of the 15th century by the then king
of Vijayanagar, Devaraya II
• It consisted of only a sanctum, pillared hall an ardha mantapa. Later the temple
structure was renovated to add an open porch and beautiful pillars.
• The term ‘Hazara Rama’ literally means a thousand Rama and refers to the multitude
of relics depicting the reigning deity of the temple.
• The walls of the temple carry the story of Ramayana carved on stone. The outer
walls of the temple are decorated with bas-relics of Rama and Krishna.
Hazara Rama Temple Side Elevation

Front View Inside View

 BALAKRISHANA TEMPLE
• This temple is situated on the way to virupaksha temple from kamalapur, facing east,
dedicated to vaishnava in the form of balakrishana, constructed by krishnadevaraya in
1514a.D.
• The temple consists of garbhagriha, an anti chamber or sukhanasi, antarala, surrounded by
pradakshina patha, a navaranga, mukhamantapa, amman shrine, or enclosed by high
prakara wall with entrance gopuras.
• The grabhagriha is a square an empty at presesnt, once enshrined the image of
balakrishna.The image is prepared out of greenish black granite stone showing krishna as a
child seated on a pedestral.
• The Navaranga Is Square And Stands On Four Central Pillars Set On An Elevated Fioor In
The Centre And Six Pilastres Set Against The Walls . The Lower And Upper Square Blocks
Of The Pillars Are Depicted With The Sculptures Of Hanuman, Garuda, Balakrishna Etc…
• The mukhamantapa or pillared hall is entered through flight of steps on either side of the
north and south and the main western entrance on west side.
 Balkrishna Temple Section

Balkrishna Temple front view. Plan

 Pushkaranis, Hampi –
The Sacred Water Tanks of the Ancient Times

• The Pushkaranis in Hampi are the sacred water tanks that are attached to the temples. Most
of the major temples in Hampi have a Pushkaranis built near them.
• The tanks were considered to be sacred places by the people of Hampi in the ancient times.
• The Pushkaranis in Hampi are a part of the ancient town’s planning and architecture. Many
of the Pushkaranis were built during the time of the Vijayanagar Empire. The water tanks
related to the temples were used to serve the ritualistic purposes of those temples
• Some of the water tanks are situated within the Royal Enclosure and they were built for the
use of the members of the royal family of Vijayanagar
• In many cases, the water tanks served as the venue for the annual boat festivals. During such
festivals, the images of Gods and Goddesses were taken out of the temples for a coracle ride
on the water tanks.

Pushkaranis Step Well

NOTES
 DAY 3-HAMPI

INTRODUCTION
• VITHALA TEMPLE
• BADAV LINGA TEMPLE
• UGRA NARSIMHA TEMPLE
• SASAVE KALU GANAPTI TEMPLE
VITHALA TEMPLE
 VITHALA TEMPLE

• This is temple is known to be the grandest of all temples in the complex of hampi. It dates
back to the 15th century. It was built during the reign of King Devaraya II (1422 – 1446 A.D.),
one of the rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire. Several portions of the temple were expanded
and enhanced during the reign of Krishnadevaraya (1509 – 1529 A.D.).
• It is dedicated to Lord Vitthala, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. The Vittala temple is built in
the Dravidian style of architecture. It is believed that the main shrine of the temple originally
had one enclosed Mantapa. An open Mantapa was added to it in the year 1554 A.D.
• The temple complex is a sprawling area that is surrounded by high compound walls and
three towering gateways. The temple complex has many halls, shrines and pavilions located
inside it.

Main Attractions of Vittala Temple, Hampi

• Maha Mantapa: The Maha Mantapa or main hall of the Vittala Temple is situated in the
inner courtyard of the temple complex. The Maha Mantapa comprises of four smaller halls.
The steps on the eastern side of the Maha Mantapa are decorated with elephant balustrade.
There are forty pillars lining the facade of the temple. Each of these pillars has a height of 10
feet. The central part of the Maha Mantapa has sixteen intricately decorated pillars having
beautiful sculptures of Narasimha and Yali. These set of sixteen pillars forms a rectangular
court. The ceiling of the Maha Mantapa is a richly designed structure.
Stone Chariot:
• The Stone Chariot or Ratha stands in the courtyard of temple. The stone chariot
(RATHA) is the icon of Hampi. It is built on a rectangular platform.
• The chariot is actually a temple of Garuda built in form of Ratha. Garuda, the vahana of
Lord Vishnu was initially an idol in the shrine. Currently we can see couple of Elephant
Idols placed in front of the chariot. They were placed here later by the archeological team,
originally there were two carved horses who were pulling the chariot. You can guess by
the remains of the tails which are visible behind.
• Though it looks like the entire chariot is carved out of one single rock but it is built of
various blocks. But the carvings are designed in such a way that the joints are barely
visible. The shrine looks strong with various pillars diligently placed around.

The Musical Pillars of the Ranga Mantapa:

• The large mantapa is renowned for its 56 musical pillars. These musical pillars are also
known as SAREGAMA pillars, indicating the musical notes emitted by them. The musical
notes and emanated when the pillars are tapped gently.
• Every main pillar is surrounded by 7 minor pillars. These 7 pillars emit 7 different musical
notes from the representative musical instruments.
BADAV LINGA TEMPLE

• The largest Shiva Linga image in Hampi. Loctated next tougra narsimha temple. The
Linga is housed inside chamber with an opening in the front.
• The Shiva Linga is carved out of black stone.
• It is about 3m high and avudaiyar is about 2m in diameter. A close look on this icon can
reveal 3 eyes carved on it. The shrine opens from the front and top. The sanctum is always
filled with water as a water channel from the river tungabadra flows throw it. The water
around the Linga is 3 feet deep from the foot level. The Shiva Linga has a large pedestal
that is circular in shape. This circular pedestal draws into an outlet as Pranala.

Inside View Entrance

 Ugra Narsimha

• Ugra Narsimha temple in Hampi was carved in the year 1528 during the reign of
Krishnadevaraya .
• At a distance of 800m from Hampi, Ugra Narsimha temple is located South of Shri
Krishna temple in Hampi.
• The Lakshmi Narshimha statue is one of the most imposing sculpture found in Hampi. It
is the largest monolith statue in Hampi with the height of 6.7m.
• The terrifying angry form, the protruding eyes and the facial expression are the basis for
this name.
• Lord Narsimha is sitting on the coil of a gaint seven headed Adishesha ( guardian snake
of Lord Vishnu ) and the lions guard the sides of the idol.
• The lord in this temple is in cross – legged yoga position
with the belt supporting the knees.
• The original statue contain the image of
goddess Lakshmi consort of the God , sitting on his lap.
• But due to the destruction in 1565 AD,
the goddess Lakshmi statue was badly damaged.
 SASIVEKALU GANAPATI TEMPLE

• It was built by a trader from chandragiri(Andra Pradesh) in 1506 AD,in memory of the
Vijayanagar king NARSIMHA 2.
• It is located on southern foothill of Hemakuta hill, Hampi.
• Sasivekalu Ganesha Temple is a huge statue of Lord Ganesha , carved out of a single block
of rock.It is one of the major landmarks in Hampi.

ARCHITECTURE OF SASIVEKALU GANESHA TEMPLE

• The Ganesha is seen in a half lotus position with four arms. The right and left hand at the
upper side holds a goad(spiked stick) and a broken tusk. The top right hand of the statue
holds a sweet(modak) and the left hand is portrayed with noose.
• A large Mandapa is covering the statue at the top with
• a rough wall covering pillars around it.
• Sasivekalu Ganesha staute is about 8 feet
• (2.5 meters) tall.
NOTES
 DAY4-HAMPI

INTRODUCTION

• ANEGUNDI
• PALACE RUINS (PALACE OF VIRA HARIHARA)
• CITADAL (MAHANAVAMI DIBBA)
• LOTUS MAHAL
• ELEPHANT STABLE
• PRASANNA VIRUPAKSHA TEMPLE
 ANEGUNDI

• Anegundi ,believed to be the kingdom of monkey

according to ramayana, is at distance of 5km from
hampi.
• Anjanadri hills, the birthplace of lord hanuman. It is
said to have one of the oldest plateaus on the planet,
estimated to be 3000 million years old.
• It is said to be the cradle place of historic
krishnadevaraya dynasty of the glorious vijaynagar
empire.
• The temples present on anegundi hill are lakshmi
temple ,ane8gundi lord ranganatha temple, ganesh
temple hanuman temple and burial place of
srikrishnadevaraya.
 PALACE RUINS (PALACE OF VIRA HARIHARA)

• Palace ruins is nothing but the palace of vira

harihara. It is a structure that once existed in ancient
towns .
• The palace or rather its foundation layout, is located
within the fortified area of royal enclosure in hampi.
• The palace of vira harihara belonged to harihara raya
ii ,the third king of vijaynagara empire who belonged
to the sangama dynasty.
• The palace was built in 14th century .The beauty and
architecture of the palace can only be imagined. The
base of the palace gives an idea about the architecture
of the long lasting structure.
• There is no trace of walls though it is believed that the
palace is made from extensive use of wood and other
perishable material .This palace suffered maximum
damage due to the attack of Deccan sultanate.
 CITADEL (MAHANAVAMI DIBBA)
• The massive east facing platform rises to a height of
12 m and is built in 3 diminishing tiers.
• The 1st tier and the one above measures 40 and 24
square meter and is built of well dressed massive
granite blocks .
• Tier one and two have extensive carvings. Behind
carving are steps that take you from the platform to
the ground.
• Platform was built in 3 phases. In the phase 1 it had
well dressed granite blocks and decorated with the
courtly scenes, festive moods, hunting scenes and
rows of animals and birds carved in relief around the
platform, representing the lifestyle and times of the
people of vijaynagara.

Inscribtion on the citadal Height of the citadel with respect to human figure
LOTUS MAHAL

• Lotus mahal is one of the finest architectural palace

that are uniquely identified by its lotus look
like structure.
• This glorious building is within zenana enclosure, a
segregated area that is used by royal women of
vijaynagara dynasty.
• The style and design is an inquisitive blend of Islamic
and Indian style of architecture .The palace is two
storied building , well –structured symmetrically .
• It is surrounded by rectangular walls and four towers .
there are 24 pillars present to support the arched window
and balcony of palace.
• The wall and pillars are carved beautifully with
patterns like sea creatures and birds .

• Section
 ELEPHANT STABLE

• Elephant stable is a long building with a row of

domed chamber was used to park royal elephant.
• There are 11 domed long chambers ,some of
them are interconnected. The centre one specially
decorated and big. The whole building looks
symmetric with respect to central hall.
• The tower of central hall resembles more like that
of temple. The 5 pairs of domed on either sides
are of Islamic styles.
Elevation

ELE
Section

Roof Plan

Plan
SRI PRASANNA VIRUKSHPAA TEMPLE

• Prasanna virupaksha temple is one of the

oldest temple in hampi. Built during the
reign of vijaynagara empire. This temple is
dedicated to prasanna virupaksha ( Lord
Shiva ).
• This temple has remained buried for over
400 years before it was discovered in 1980’s
decade.
• The interesting fact about the temple is that
it is located few meter below the ground
level.
• The sanctum of the temple remains
submerged under stagnant water through out
the year.
• The temple has been constructed following
the Dravidian and Nagaraja style of
architecture.
NOTES
 Day5-Chalukyan Architecture
INTRODUCTION
• The chalukyas mark an important milestone in history of south india. It is
known as golden age in history of karnataka.
• This dynasty introduced its own style of temple architecture called as
Chalukyan architecture.
• They built a number of rockcut cave and structural temples of brick dedicated
to shiva vishnu and brahma.
• Aihole,Badami and Pattadakal near bijapur in karnataka are centres of
Chalukyan art.

Badami Temples
• They are carved out of sand stone.
• The temples are located near the Malaprabha river

1. Badami Structural Temples 2. Badami Rock Cut Temples

• Mahakuta Group of Temples Badami Cave Temples Map
• Bhutanatha Group of Temples
• Mallikarjuna Group of Temple
• Yellamma Temples

Mallikarjuna
Mahakuta Group Bhutanatha Yellamma
Group Of
Of Temples Temples
Temples
Group Of Temples
Cave 1
• Side entrance wall of cave 1 contains most dramatic sculptures carve
and rare image of 18 armed dancing shiva
• He holds in each hand a symbol of his many varied attributes at trident
of distraction and damru of creation

Cave 2
• Cave 2 is perched on a sandstone hill.
• It is dedicated to lord shiva manifested as trivikarma .
• Lord is in the position of conquering the earth by his one foot and rules the sky
with his other foot.
• The temple also showcases lord vishnu as varaha , riding garanda all surrounded by
beautiful loutus flowers.

Cave 3

• Cave 3 is 70 ft wide .
• The art depicts ancient dresses , jewellery , hairstyle and lifestyle of glorious past.
• High alleviation of vishnu manifested in many forms like vishnu with a serpent, as
a man –lion and vishnu as trivikarma which form the main attraction of the cave.

Cave 4

• Cave 4 is dedicated to gomateshwara.

• The cave temple dating back to 12 th century has carvings of jain tirthankars
mahavira, parshwanatha and padmavati.
• Sculptures of lord mahavira decking the shrine beside the image of padmavati and
other tirthankaras are the main attractions.
 Temples at Pattadakal
• These temples are built in 8th century and are derived from
Dravidian and Nagara styles.
• There are 10 temples including a jain sanctuary in which 4
are Dravidian and 4 are in nagara, surrounded by small
shrines and plinths. They are designated as world heritage
sights in 1987
• Nagara Style: Galaganatha Temple. Papanatha Temple.
• Dravidian Style: Virupaksha Temple, Mallikarjuna Temple,
Jain Temple and Sangameshwara Temple
Map

Virupaksha Temple

• The temple was built by Lokamahadevi in 745 to

celebrate her husband’s victory (Vikramaditya II) over
the Pallavas of Kanchi.
• The temple is rich in sculptures like those of
Lingodbhava,Nataraja , Ravananugraha and Ugranarasimha.
• It has a wonderful nandi porch in front , leading to a pillared
hall. The garb grihasta is the rear end of the building.
• Around the temple wall are some very high quality
sculptures set inside little niches
 Mallikarjuna Temples Sanctuary Pillared Hall 3 Entrances

• This temple is dedicated to lord shiva and is built very

close to Virupaksha temple.
• It was also constructed to celebrate victory over
pallavas.
• The temple is built in dravidian style with lofty towers
or shikaras with sprawling courtyards, fort like wall ,
rich sculptural work and is considered to be one of
the finest temple of vijayanagar architecture.
Papanatha Temple
• This monument dates back to the 7th century
built in vesara style
• Construction was initially begun using Nagara
style but later switched to Dravidian style
• The ceiling is adorned with remarkable figures of
Shiva and Parvati with Gandharvas and Vishnu
• Sculptures here speak of scenes from Ramayana
and Mahabharata
 Temples at Aihole

• Aihole was the first capital of the early Chalukyas

located to the west of Badami along the river Malaprabha
• Aihole is known as the cradle of temple architecture
• Some important temples at Aihole are LadKhan Temple,
Durga Temple, Galaganatha Gudi Temple and
Huchimali Temple.

Map

Lad KhanTemple Shrine Nandi

• There are over 100 temple in Aihole of which Ladkhan

is the oldest one. Rear
• The holy shrine was introduced at the end for the deity.
Wall
• The porch fronts a square mandapa.
• In the center of the mandapa, a nandi faces the smaller
interior shrine,which abuts the rear wall of the mandapa.
• The temple has a rooftop shrine above the centre of the Mukhamandapa(12
mandapa instead of a usual tower. Sabhamandapa carved pillars)
• The temple is roofed with huge slabs of stones laid flat
carried on pillars.
• Plain squared shaft pillars existed
• A sanctum is built against back wall and main shrine has
Shivalinga along with nandi.
• The temple gets its name from a Muslim prince who
converted it into his residence.
 DURGADA GUDI TEMPLE
Sikhara Mukhamandapa
Nave Side Aisle
Circumambulation

Apsidal End

View
Pillared Corridor Sabhamandapa

• One of the early Chalukyan style structural temple stands on a high moulded plinth 3mts high.
• Temple was built around 7th-8th century BC.
• The name “Durga” refers to a fort and not to a goddess.
• The temple’s unusual apsidal form is thought to imitate early Buddhist Chaitya halls.
• An inner wall of similar shape encloses the sanctuary.
• The porched faces east, a colonnaded corridor runs around the temple enveloping the shrine , the
mukhamandapa and the sabhamandapa.
• The columns are decorated with couple sculptures intricate carvings on the walls and ceilings.
• Four squared pillars support the ceiling of mukhamandapa that contains highly ornate doorway
which leads to sabhamandapa, which is divided into a central nave and two side aisles by two rows
of pillars.
• An incomplete tower or pyramidal sikhara perches on the roof above the sanctuary.
• There are six sculptures in the temple Shiva,Narasimha,Vishnu,Varaha , Durga and Harihara
NOTES
 DAY6-BIJAPUR

INTRODUCTION
Bijapur city is well known for its historical monument of architectural
importance.
It was first under the rule of Bahamani Sultanate which later was captured
by Aurangzeb in 16th centuary and later was built by Adil Shah.

• GOLGUMBAZ
• JAMIA MAJID
• BARA KAMAN
• BIG CANON
• UPLI BURUJ
• IBRAHIM ROZA
 GOLGUMBAZ
• Gol Gumbaz was designed by Yaqut of Dabul , and
was dedicated to Mohammed Adil Shah.
• Gol Gumbaz is one of the biggest single chamber
structure in the world.
• The central dome is the second largest in the world
which stands unsupported by pillars measuring at 38
meters in diameter and covering an area 1700 sq m
Golgumbaz
with 51 meters in height.
• The structure is composed of a cube ,47.5 m on each
side ,capped by a Dome 44m in external diameter.
• Dark Grey Basalt stone was used to built Gol
Gumbaz.
• Architectural character:
• At each 4 corners of the cube, is a dome capped
octagonal tower seven storeys high with a staircase
Plan
inside. The upper floor of each tower opens on to a
round gallery which surrounds the dome. Inside the
mausoleum hall, is a square podium with steps on
each side. In the middle of the podium, a cenotaph
slab on the ground marks the actual grave below, “
the only instance of this practise “ in architecture of
Deccan sultanates.
Section
 JAMIA MASJID

• Jamia Masjid of Bijapur is a mosque,

which was built by Ali Adil Shah I in the
year
1578 after the victory over Vijaya Nagar.
• The mosque is one of the largest mosque in
South India.
Jamia Masjid
• Set in a perfect square of 1,16,300 sq.ft.
2250 to 2500 persons can offer prayers at a
strech.
• The central Mihrab on the western wall is
inscribed with lines from the Koran.
• This inscription was completed in 1676 by
Malik Yakut under the orders from
Sultan Muhammad Adil Shah.
• Mosques commonly serve as location of
prayers ,Ramadan vigils,funeral services
etc.
Inside View
 BARA KAMAN

• Bara Kaman is a unfinished mausoleum of

Ali Adil Shah II in Bijapur, Karnataka in
India.
• It was planned that 12 arches would be
placed vertically as well as horizontally
surrounding the tomb of Ali Adil Shah.
• It was supposed to be the Burial
mausoleum for the king and his wives.
• However, before the Bara Kaman could be Bara Kaman
completed, Ali Adil Shah II was murdered
by his own father Muhammad Adil Shah,
who did not want the Bara Kaman to
lessen the glory of the Gol Gumbaz.
• The architect of Bara Kaman was Malik
Sandal.

Inside View
 BIG CANNON
• Malik-e-Maidan or “Lord of
Battlefield” which is a huge cannon
set up by Muhammad Adil Shah I in
1549 on the top of the Sherzah Burj in
Bijapur.
• It faces towards the west at the plains
outside the city of Bijapur.
• Located 3KM from Bijapur, this
cannon is believed to be the largest
warhead of the medieval era.
• This 55 tons heavy cannon has a Big Cannon
diameter of 1.5M and its length is
4.45M.
• There is a small elephant between the
two large fangs of lion being crushed
to death.
• There is also an inscription made by
Aurangzeb on the top of the cannon.

Lion Carving
 UPLI BURUJ

• This structure was built by Hyder Khan, one of the

famous commanders in Adil Shah army.
• He completed the construction of Upli Buruj by the
year of AD 1584.
• It is a huge tower within the citadel of ancient
Bijapur.
• The tower has a height of 80 ft. And it took few
years to finish the construction of tower. • Upli Buruj
• The main intention behind the construction of Upli
Buruj was strengthening the security of Bijapur
city. After the construction of the structure Adil
Shah used Upli Buruj as a watch tower to watch the
site outside the fort walls and to detect the presence
of movements of enemy
• The tower has a cylindrical shape with a stair case
winding around the main building.
• The main intension behind the construction of Upli
Buruj was strengthening the security of Bijapur Entrance
city.
 IBRAHIM ROZA

• This is also known as Ibrahim Rouza

which is the tomb complex where
Ibrahim Adil Shah II is buried along with
his wife Queen Taj Sultana. Ibrahim Roza
• It was completed in the year 1627 by
Ibrahim Adil Shah II .
• It is square structure with twin buildings
and delicate carvings.
• The building was designed by Persian
architect Malik Sandal.
• The tomb is in a chamber of 13 meter and
has the ceiling divided into nine square
with curved sides.
• This was located at about 2KM from Plan
Bijapur on the western outskirt of the
city.
• The rich history of the fort, the citadel
and other structures is submused in the
history of Bijapur city.

Section
NOTES