Summary Nursing Theories-1

Grand and Middle Range Nursing
Theories
Self-Care
• what people plan and do on their own behalf

to maintain life, health, and well-being.
Self-Care Agency
• a person’s acquired ability to engage in self-

care.
• Affected by basic conditioning factors

Therapeutic Self-Care Demand
• what is needed at various times in a person’s

life when health care is required to meet self-
care needs through the use of appropriate
actions and interventions.
Primary Needs for Self-care
1. Sufficient intake of air, water, and food
2. Adequate care and functioning of
elimination
3. Balance between activity and rest
4. Balance between solitude and social
interaction
5. Prevention of hazards to human life,
functioning, and well-being
6. Promotion of effective functioning and
appropriate development within social groups
and the human desire to be normal.
Self-Care Deficit
• results when adults or parents with dependent

children are incapable of providing
continuously effective self-care.
5 Methods of Helping
1. Acting for or doing for another
2. Guiding and directing
3. Providing physical or psychological
support
4. Providing and maintaining an
environment that supports personal
development
5. Teaching
Nursing Systems
• wholly compensatory system is one in which

patient action is limited and the nurse
accomplishes most of what is required to
maintain therapeutic self-care.
Nursing Systems
• partially compensatory system is one in which

the patient and nurse work together to meet
self-care requirements.
Nursing Systems
• supportive-educative system is one in which

the patient provides necessary self-care, and
the nurse and patient work together.
CONSERVATION THEORY
MYRA ESTRIN LEVINE

CULTURE Care:
Diversity and Universality Theory
• culturally congruent care, is the primary goal
of transcultural nursing practice.
CARE MODALITIES
MADELEINE LEININGER
Cultural care preservation or maintenance
 refers to nursing care activities that help

people of particular cultures to retain and use
core cultural care values related to healthcare
concerns or conditions.
Cultural care accommodation or negotiation
 refers to nursing actions that help people of a

particular culture adapt to or negotiate with
others in the healthcare community in an effort
to attain optimal health outcome for client(s)
of a designated culture.
Cultural care repatterning or restructuring
 refers to therapeutic actions taken by culturally

competent nurse(s). These actions enable or
assist a client to modify personal health
behaviors toward beneficial outcomes while
respecting the client’s cultural values.
NURSING PROCESS THEORY
IDA JEAN ORLANDO-PELLETIER

THREE CONCEPTS
1.“The nursing process is set in motion by

patient behavior.
All patient behavior, no matter how
insignificant, must be considered an
expression of a need for help!
THREE CONCEPTS
2. Patient behavior stimulates a nurse

reaction, which is the start of the
nursing process.
THREE CONCEPTS
3. A nurse may act in one of two ways

when providing care:

• automatic or deliberative.
Automatic reactions
stem from nursing behaviors that are performed

to satisfy a directive other than the patient’s
need for help.
Criteria for Deliberative actions
 Result from the correct identification of
patient needs
 The nurse explores the meaning of the action
with the patient and its relevance to meeting
the patient’s need.
• The nurse validates the action’s effectiveness
immediately after completing it.
HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL
NOLA PENDER
Pender’s Health Promotion Model
• proposes a structured process for assessing

and addressing client needs associated with
healthy behaviors. This model is based on
combined nursing and behavioral health
approaches that are meant to help clients
make positive health behavioral changes.
Health-promoting behaviors
• Are a desired outcome when providing client care and
education.
• Health-promoting behaviors are actions directed toward
attaining positive health outcomes such as optimal wellbeing,
personal fulfillment, and productive living.
• Examples of health-promoting behaviors include eating a

healthy diet, exercising regularly, managing stress, gaining
adequate rest, enhancing spiritual growth, and building
positive relationships.
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS in
NURSING
HILDEGARD PEPLAU
Phases of the Nurse-Patient
Relationship
Orientation phase
 Getting to know your patient, expectations

Relationship
Working phase
 Mutually planning and implement

patient care
Relationship
Termination phase
• Relationship ends when the patient's immediate

health problems are solved.
In summary:
• Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
describes a basic framework within which
nurses and patients interact. Because it
describes one component of nursing care (the
interaction between patient and nurse), that
instead of doing things to a patient, a nurse
must provide care in partnership with the
patient.
CONCEPTUAL SYSTEM and
THEORY of GOAL ATTAINMENT
IMOGENE KING
3 Major interacting systems:
• personal systems (individuals), made up of individuals and
include the client and nurse functioning as a total system.
• interpersonal systems (groups or individuals), interacting

with one another, communication, transaction. and
• social systems (society), are groups of people within a

community or society who share common goals, interests,
and values.
Summary:
• The relationships between the three systems—personal, interpersonal, and
social systems—make up King’s Theory of Goal Attainment.
• The goal of nursing is to assist individuals to attain, maintain, or restore

their health.
• To achieve this outcome, nurses and clients engage in interactions of verbal

and nonverbal communication where information is exchanged and
interpreted.
• The outcome of this process is a transaction where values, needs, and

wants are shared.
• King views this interactive process between client and nurse as the
essential element of nursing.

Summary Nursing Theories-1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Summary Nursing Theories-1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Summary Nursing Theories-1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Grand and Middle Range Nursing

• what people plan and do on their own behalf

• a person’s acquired ability to engage in self-

• Affected by basic conditioning factors

• what is needed at various times in a person’s

• results when adults or parents with dependent

• wholly compensatory system is one in which

• partially compensatory system is one in which

• supportive-educative system is one in which

MYRA ESTRIN LEVINE

 refers to nursing care activities that help

 refers to nursing actions that help people of a

 refers to therapeutic actions taken by culturally

IDA JEAN ORLANDO-PELLETIER

1.“The nursing process is set in motion by

2. Patient behavior stimulates a nurse

3. A nurse may act in one of two ways

stem from nursing behaviors that are performed

• proposes a structured process for assessing

• Examples of health-promoting behaviors include eating a

 Getting to know your patient, expectations

 Mutually planning and implement

• Relationship ends when the patient's immediate

• interpersonal systems (groups or individuals), interacting

• social systems (society), are groups of people within a

• The goal of nursing is to assist individuals to attain, maintain, or restore

• To achieve this outcome, nurses and clients engage in interactions of verbal

• The outcome of this process is a transaction where values, needs, and

You might also like