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    Production Technology in Sweet Sorghum

    Uploaded by

    Archana Nancy
    Sorghum is an important millet crop in India that can be grown with limited water and minimal inputs. It is used commercially in the food industry and to produce ethanol, syrup, and jaggery. Varieties developed in India, such as VMS 98003 from TNAU, mature within 100-110 days and are suitable for ethanol production. Sorghum can be grown during the monsoon seasons with spacing of 45 cm x 15 cm and a seed rate of 10 kg/ha after seed treatment. It requires irrigation every 7-10 days and fertilizer application. Major pests include shootfly and stem borer, which can be controlled with insecticides. Fungal diseases like downy mildew, head

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    Production Technology in Sweet Sorghum

    Uploaded by

    Archana Nancy
    74 views12 pages
    Sorghum is an important millet crop in India that can be grown with limited water and minimal inputs. It is used commercially in the food industry and to produce ethanol, syrup, and jaggery. Varieties developed in India, such as VMS 98003 from TNAU, mature within 100-110 days and are suitable for ethanol production. Sorghum can be grown during the monsoon seasons with spacing of 45 cm x 15 cm and a seed rate of 10 kg/ha after seed treatment. It requires irrigation every 7-10 days and fertilizer application. Major pests include shootfly and stem borer, which can be controlled with insecticides. Fungal diseases like downy mildew, head

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    Sorghum is an important millet crop in India that can be grown with limited water and minimal inputs. It is used commercially in the food industry and to produce ethanol, syrup, and jaggery. Varieties developed in India, such as VMS 98003 from TNAU, mature within 100-110 days and are suitable for ethanol production. Sorghum can be grown during the monsoon seasons with spacing of 45 cm x 15 cm and a seed rate of 10 kg/ha after seed treatment. It requires irrigation every 7-10 days and fertilizer application. Major pests include shootfly and stem borer, which can be controlled with insecticides. Fungal diseases like downy mildew, head

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    74 views12 pages

    Production Technology in Sweet Sorghum

    Uploaded by

    Archana Nancy
    Sorghum is an important millet crop in India that can be grown with limited water and minimal inputs. It is used commercially in the food industry and to produce ethanol, syrup, and jaggery. Varieties developed in India, such as VMS 98003 from TNAU, mature within 100-110 days and are suitable for ethanol production. Sorghum can be grown during the monsoon seasons with spacing of 45 cm x 15 cm and a seed rate of 10 kg/ha after seed treatment. It requires irrigation every 7-10 days and fertilizer application. Major pests include shootfly and stem borer, which can be controlled with insecticides. Fungal diseases like downy mildew, head

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 12

     The most important millet crop occupying largest area among the cereals next

    to rice

     Commercial utilization of grain in food industry and utilization of stalk for the
    production of value-added products like ethanol, syrup and jaggery and
    bioenriched bagasse as a fodder and as a base material for cogeneration

     Emerged as a supplementary crop to sugarcane in dry land pockets for the


    production of ethanol.

     The advantages
    - can be grown with limited water
    -minimal inputs
    -harvested in four months.
     International level – Rio, Roma, Vani, Ramada and Keller.

     BJ 248, RSSV 9, NSSV 208, NSSV 255 and RSSV 56 are the sweet
    sorghum cultures identified by the All India Coordinated sorghum
    improvement project at National level.

     The TNAU has developed VMS 98003 with a cane yield of 45.7 t/ha
    and ethanol yield of 3.6kl/ha as a promising sweet sorghum variety
    for Tamil Nadu

     varieties mature in 100-110 days.


     Spacing - 45 cm x 15 cm

     Seed rate of 10 kg/ha.

     Treat the seeds with 2% KH2PO4 for 6 hours as pre sowing


    treatment under rainfed condition or treat the seeds with
    azospirillum @ 600 gm/ha.

     Sowing can be done on ridges and furrows


     It can be sown during June, coinciding with the south-west
    monsoon, September ,October during north east monsoon
    with a rainfall of 500-600mm well distributed across the
    growing period. Sowing during summer season may result in
    low biomass and sugar yield.

     All soils that have medium depth (18" and above) with good
    drainage are suited. Depending on the soil (red, black, laterite
    and loamy) and its depth water requirement may vary which
    in turn decide the suitability of the crop.
    Irrigation and Nutrient management
     Minimum of 6 to 7 irrigations are required with an interval of 7 -
    10 days.

     Recommended dose of fertilizer for soils with normal fertility level


    is 120 kg nitrogen, 40kg phosphorus and 40 kg potassium.

     Half of N and whole of P and K are applied as basal. Remaining N


    is to be top-dressed during 25-30 days after germination, following
    weeding and inter cultivation.

    Weed management
    Atrazine @ 0.2 kg ai/ha can be applied as pre emergence herbicide
    at 3 days after sowing followed by hand weeding at 45 days after
    sowing.
    Pest management
    Major pests - sorghum shootfly and stem borer.

    Control:
     Shoot fly is controlled with the application of Carbofuran 2G
    @ 8-10 kg/ ha during planting.
     The same insecticide could be applied in leaf whorls (2-3
    granules/whorl) based on the foliar injury symptoms, to
    prevent stem borer tunneling.
    Downy mildew
    Seed treatment with Metalaxyl at 4 g/kg of seed. Rogue out infected plants upto 45
    days after sowing and spray Metalaxyl 500g or Mancozeb 1kg or Ziram 1kg or
    Zineb 1 kg/ha. Spray Mancozeb 1250 g/ha after noticing the symptoms of foliar
    diseases, for both transplanted and direct sown crops.
    Head Mould
    Spray any one of the following fungicides in case of intermittent rainfall during
    earhead emergence and a week later. Mancozeb 1 kg/ha, Zineb 1 kg/ha, Captan 1
    kg/ha + Aureofungin sol 100 g/ha.
    Sugary disease
    Sowing period to be adjusted so as to prevent heading during rainy season and
    severe winter. Spray any one of the following fungicide at emergence of earheads
    (5 10 % flowering stage) followed by a spray at 50% flowering and repeat the
    spray after a week if necessary. Ziram 1 kg/ha, Mancozeb 1 kg/ha, Zineb 1 kg/ha.
    Rust
    Spray Mancozeb at 1 kg/ha when the disease reached grade 3. Repeat fungicidal
    application after 10 days.
    Head mould Downy mildew

    Sugary disease
     The ear head should be harvested at physiological maturity
    and sun dried for removing excess moisture in the grain.

     The green cane should be cut at the ground level and sent to
    the mill for crushing at the earliest as the sugar content
    decrease in progression with time. In any case it should be
    crushed before 48 hrs failing which sugar content will be
    drastically reduced

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