Tenses and Aspects of THE

z
VERB
ENGL111
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Which among the sentences is written

correctly?

1. I watched the movie last year.

2. I have watched the movie during the pandemic.
3. I have watched the movie.
 Simple Perfect Progressive Perfect-Progressive
have + past participle be + ing Have + been + ing

Present
Present Simple Present Perfect Present Progressive Present Perfect-
Progressive

Past
Past Simple Past Perfect Past Progressive Past Perfect-Progressive

Future
Future SImple Future Perfect Future Progressive Future Perfect-
Progressive
• work
Simple When to use?
• fly

Present -She works every day. -When you use the present simple,
-They work every day. you are referring to a
routine/habitual action.
An eagle flies.
Eagles fly. -use for facts that are always true.

Past She worked at the hotel last month. For past simple, it includes a
finished action and time.
The eagles flew yesterday.

Future She will work tomorrow. is used to refer to actions or states

that begin and end in the future.
The eagles will fly tomorrow. These events have not happened
yet, but will happen sometime in the
future.
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LET’S PRACTICE!!

The Earth _____ around the sun.

A. revolve

B. revolves

C. revolved

D. will revolve
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LET’S PRACTICE!!

Troy _____ a scholarship last year.

A. get

B. gets

C. got

D. will get
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LET’S PRACTICE!!

We ______ our exam scores next meeting.

A. know

B. knows

C. knew

D. will know
• work Perfect
have or has or had + past When to use?
• fly participle

Present -She has just worked at this An action that was completed in
hotel. the very recent past, expressed
-They have just worked at by 'just'
this hotel.
An action when the time is not
An eagle has flown. important.
The eagles have flown.

Past She had worked at the hotel It is used to make it clear that
before it closed. one event happened before
another in the past.
The eagles had flown before
they got shot.

Future She will have worked on the to talk about something that
project before 1pm will be completed before a
tomorrow. specific time in the future. 

The eagles will have flown

before it gets dark tomorrow.
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LET’S PRACTICE!!

I _____ that questions many times.

A. has asked

B. have asked

C. had asked

D. will have asked

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LET’S PRACTICE!!

Lina ____ about their wedding before she sent the official
invitations.

A. has posted

B. have posted

C. had posted

D. will have posted

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LET’S PRACTICE!!

Raven ____ the highest level by next game.

A. has reached

B. have reached

C. had reached

D. will have reached

• work Progressive When to use?
• fly be + ing

Present -She is working. is used when we talk about

-They are working. something which is happening now.

An eagle is flying.
The eagles are flying.

Past She was working last night. is used to describe an ongoing

activity in the past. It is often used to
set the scene for another action. 
The eagles were flying yesterday.

Future She will be working on it tomorrow at

8am. The future progressive tense is
used to say that something will be in
The eagles will be flying tomorrow at progress at a particular moment in
4pm. the future.
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LET’S PRACTICE!!

He ____ his break right now. Please come back after 1pm.

A. is taking

B. are taking

C. was taking

D. will be taking
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I ____ doing my homework when my friends invited me to play

Mobile Legends.

A. am doing

B. was doing

C. were doing

D. will be doing
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Jack ____ his thesis later today at 1pm

A. is defending

B. are defending

C. was defending

D. will be defending
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LET’S PRACTICE!!

The new laptops won’t arrive until next month. In the meantime, we
_______ the old ones.

A. is using

B. are using

C. was using

D. will be using
• work Perfect-Progressive When to use?
• fly have or has or had + been + ing

Present -She has been working hard for is used to show that an action
her future. started in the past and has
-They have been working hard for continued up to the present
their future. moment. 

An eagle has been flying for 2

hours now.

Past She had been working on the Is used to refer to an ongoing

project but it rained. action that ended before another
action/event in the past.
The eagles had been flying before
they got shot.

Future She will have been working on the is used for an ongoing action that
project for 6 months in November. will be completed at some
specified time in the future. 
The eagles will have been flying
for 2 hours at 6pm.
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The good Samaritan _____ people during this pandemic.

A. has been helping

B. have been helping

C. had been helping

D. will have been helping

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Oh come on! You_____ to me.

A. has been lying

B. have been lying

C. had been lying to me

D. will have been lying

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LET’S PRACTICE!!

The class_____that student, so the teacher taught them a lesson.

A. has been bullying

B. have been bullying

C. had been bullying

D. will have been bullying

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LET’S PRACTICE!!

Next school year, we_____ together for 4 years.

A. has been learning

B. have been learning

C. had been learning

D. will have been learning

• work Perfect Progressive Perfect-Progressive
• fly Simple have/has/had + past
be + ing have/has/had + been + ing
participle

Present She works every day. She has just worked at She is working. She has been working hard
They work every day. this hotel. They are working. for her future.
They have just worked at They have been working
An eagle flies. this hotel. An eagle is flying. hard for their future.
Eagles fly. The eagles are flying.
An eagle has flown. An eagle has been flying for
The eagles have flown. 2 hours now.
Past She worked at the She had worked at the She was working last She had been working on
hotel last month. hotel before it closed. night. the project but it rained.

The eagles flew The eagles had flown The eagles had been flying
yesterday. before they got shot. The eagles were flying before they got shot.
yesterday.
Future She will work She will have worked on She will be working on it She will have been working
tomorrow. the project before 1pm tomorrow at 8am. on the project for 6 months
tomorrow. in November.
The eagles will fly The eagles will be flying
tomorrow. The eagles will have tomorrow at 4pm. The eagles will have been
flown before it gets dark flying for 2 hours at 6pm.
tomorrow.