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CAUTI Prevention

Definition of CAUTI

• Urinary tract infection that occurs in a


patient who had an indwelling urethral
urinary catheter in place 48 hours prior to
the UTI diagnosis and up to 30 days post
removal or discharge
• Does not include straight in & out catheters
or urinary catheters that are not placed in
the urethra
Background

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTI’s) are the


most common site of HAI’s
• Most UTI’s (80%) are associated with
urinary catheterization instrumentation
• UTI’s lead to increased morbidity, mortality,
LOS and cost
Background

• UTI’s account for


approximately 36% of all
HAI’s
Background

• According to the CDC,


UTI’s are directly related
to 5% of deaths associated
with HAI’s
Eliminate CAUTI: One infection at
a time
• Appropriate Indications: Does this patient need the
catheter?
• Ensure patient meets appropriate indications for catheter
use and document reason
• Consider alternatives to indwelling urethral
catheterization
Hand Hygiene: It starts with the
hands
• PRACTICE HAND HYGIENE and standard
precautions
• Sanitize hands thoroughly with an alcohol-based hand
rub or soap and water before and after catheter insertion
and manipulation
Insertion Technique: Pay attention
to detail
• Use sterile equipment including, sterile gloves,
drape, sponges, and appropriate antiseptic
solution
• Use aseptic technique to insert catheter. If
aseptic technique is broken, replace catheter
and collection system aseptically with sterile
equipment
• Secure catheter to prevent movement and
urethral traction
Catheter Maintenance: Keep it neat

• Keep collection bag below level of the


bladder at all times
• Check tubing frequently for kinking
• Keep drainage bag/tubing off the floor
• Empty the collection bag every four hours
or when ½ to 2/3 full
• Maintain a closed-drainage system
Catheter Care: Keep it clean

• Perform perineal care daily and after each


bowel movement
• Soap and water or perineal cleansing wipes
will be utilized
• Special care will be taken to remove fecal
soiling from around the catheter by cleaning
fecal material away from the urinary meatus
Catheter removal: Get it Out!

• Assess patient every shift for catheter need


• Take steps to remove catheter when patient no
longer meets indications
• Early removal of catheter using reminders or stop-
order “stickers”
Indications for catheter use

• Insert catheters only for appropriate indications


• Management of acute urinary retention
• Post-op bladder decompression for 48 hours
• Surgery procedure
• Monitoring urinary output in acutely ill patient
Indications for catheter use
• Contamination of stage III or IV pressure ulcers with
urine which has impeded healing, despite appropriate
care for incontinence
• Terminal illness or severe impairment which makes
positioning or clothing changes uncomfortable, or which
is associated with intractable pain
• Other – MD clarification required
Alternatives

• Alternatives to indwelling catheter


• Bladder ultrasound
• Intermittent catheterization
• Condom catheter
Organisms enter the bladder by 3
ways:
• At time of catheter insertion
• Through the catheter lumen (from a colonized
drainage bag)
• Along external surface of the catheter (migrate
along the catheter-mucosal interface)
Prevention

• Use general infection control practices


• Aseptic insertion
• Proper maintenance
• Hand hygiene
• Nurse driven Catheter Removal Protocol
• Education
Implementation of Evidence-Based
Prevention Strategies
• Make sure the catheter is indicated
• Implement and promote alternatives to indwelling
urinary catheterization
• Perform hand hygiene in compliance with CDC
• Provide education on proper insertion and maintenance
• Limit insertion of catheters to trained personnel
• Insert catheters using aseptic technique and sterile
equipment
Implementation of Evidence-Based
Prevention Strategies
• Secure catheter to prevent movement and
urethral traction
• Maintain closed drainage system
• Maintain unobstructed urine flow
• Remove catheters with 48 hours following
surgical procedure or document reason for
extended use
• Remove unnecessary catheters
Documentation
• Accurate documentation on the Urinary Catheter
Assessment in HMS
• Document medical indications for placement
• Insertion documentation (size of catheter used, patient
response, amount & color or urine obtained, etc…)
• Assess patient every shift for foley catheter removal –
includes scoring indications for maintenance of foley
• Discontinuation of urinary catheter documentation –
includes Bladder scanner Clinical pathway
documentation
• New alert sticker in physician orders to remind
physicians to discontinue foley catheters
Lessons Learned

• Use evidenced-based, standardized,


protocols and guidelines
• Build redundancy into the process – new
alert sticker placed in physician orders
• Define and enforce accountability
• Push accountability to the front line staff
Conclusions

• CAUTI is a common and costly safety problem


• Several practices appear to decrease CAUTI
• Preventing CAUTI is a “team” effort

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