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    Reproductive System of Sow

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    Agatha Bayaua
    The reproductive system of sows includes ovaries that produce eggs and hormones, oviducts for fertilization, uterine horns for fetal development, a cervix where semen is deposited, and a vagina that gives birth. The estrous cycle is typically 21 days with a follicular phase of egg maturation and luteal phase of pregnancy preparation controlled by estrogen and progesterone levels. Standing response to mounting by another sow or boar is the primary sign of estrus, along with swollen vulva, nervousness, and loss of appetite in gilts and sows.

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    Reproductive System of Sow

    Uploaded by

    Agatha Bayaua
    83 views12 pages
    The reproductive system of sows includes ovaries that produce eggs and hormones, oviducts for fertilization, uterine horns for fetal development, a cervix where semen is deposited, and a vagina that gives birth. The estrous cycle is typically 21 days with a follicular phase of egg maturation and luteal phase of pregnancy preparation controlled by estrogen and progesterone levels. Standing response to mounting by another sow or boar is the primary sign of estrus, along with swollen vulva, nervousness, and loss of appetite in gilts and sows.

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    The reproductive system of sows includes ovaries that produce eggs and hormones, oviducts for fertilization, uterine horns for fetal development, a cervix where semen is deposited, and a vagina that gives birth. The estrous cycle is typically 21 days with a follicular phase of egg maturation and luteal phase of pregnancy preparation controlled by estrogen and progesterone levels. Standing response to mounting by another sow or boar is the primary sign of estrus, along with swollen vulva, nervousness, and loss of appetite in gilts and sows.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    83 views12 pages

    Reproductive System of Sow

    Uploaded by

    Agatha Bayaua
    The reproductive system of sows includes ovaries that produce eggs and hormones, oviducts for fertilization, uterine horns for fetal development, a cervix where semen is deposited, and a vagina that gives birth. The estrous cycle is typically 21 days with a follicular phase of egg maturation and luteal phase of pregnancy preparation controlled by estrogen and progesterone levels. Standing response to mounting by another sow or boar is the primary sign of estrus, along with swollen vulva, nervousness, and loss of appetite in gilts and sows.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Reproductive System of Sow

    Ovaries
    • The primary structures of the
    female reproductive tract are
    the ovaries, they have two
    major functions:
    • (1) to produce ova, the female
    germ cells and
    • (2) to produce the hormones
    progesterone and estrogen.
    Infundibulum
    • Each ovary is surrounded by a
    thin membrane called the 
    infundibulum which acts as a
    funnel to collect ova and divert
    them to the oviduct.
    • The oviduct is about 6-10
    inches long and acts as the site
    of fertilization.
    Uterus
    • There are two uterine horns.
    Each is 2-3 feet in length in the
    non-pregnant sow.
    • They act as a passageway for
    sperm to reach the oviduct and
    are the site of fetal development.
    • The uterine body, which is
    small compared to some other
    species, is located at the
    junction of the two uterine horns.
    Cervix
    • The cervix is a muscular
    junction between the vagina
    and uteri. It is the site of semen
    deposition during natural
    mating and AI.
    • It is dilated during heat (estrus)
    but constricted during the
    remainder of the estrous cycle
    and during pregnancy.
    • The vagina extends from the
    cervix to the vulva and serves
    as a passageway for urine and
    the piglets at birth.
    • The bladder is connected to
    the vagina by the urethra.
    Estrous cycle
    • It is the dynamic hormonal cycle that controls reproduction in female
    mammals in relation to the release of eggs (oocytes) and preparation of the
    uterus for fertilized embryos.

    • The estrous cycle is normally 21 days and is defined as the time


    between the onset of one estrus to the onset of the next.

    • The cycle length can range from 18-24 days.


    Estrous
    cycle
    Estrous cycle
    • Follicular phase- increasing estrogen secretion as the oocyte and follicle
    mature towards ovulation (release of the egg).
    • Luteal phase- increasing progesterone from development of corpus
    luteum (commonly referred to as the 'yellow body'). Phase of physiological
    changes surrounding the determination of pregnancy.
    Estrous
    cycle
    Back Pressure Test

    • The primary sign, and most reliable


    sign, of estrus is "standing" while
    another sow or the boar mounts.
    • A few females in estrus will stand in
    response to back-pressure without the
    presence of a boar. 
    • Secondary signs of estrus include:
    • Red, swollen vulva which is usually more
    pronounced in gilts than in sows.
    • Increased nervous activity.
    • Desire to seek the boar.
    • Loss of appetite.
    • Male-like sexual behavior (pursuing, nosing and
    mounting other females).
    • Change in vocalization (grunts and growls).
    • Increase in vaginal mucous (thumb check).

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