Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 401 views

    01 - SAP System Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Dinbandhu Tripathi
    SAP R/3 is an ERP software that handles key business functions like production planning, materials management, financial controlling, sales and distribution, and human resources. SAP Basis refers to the middleware components that run the underlying R/3 system. These include application servers that run SAP applications and database servers that store transactional data. R/3 uses a multi-tier client/server architecture with presentation components on client machines, application components on application servers, and database components on database servers. Business transactions are processed asynchronously with the online phase handling user interfaces and the posting phase updating the database.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    01 - SAP System Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Dinbandhu Tripathi
    401 views56 pages
    SAP R/3 is an ERP software that handles key business functions like production planning, materials management, financial controlling, sales and distribution, and human resources. SAP Basis refers to the middleware components that run the underlying R/3 system. These include application servers that run SAP applications and database servers that store transactional data. R/3 uses a multi-tier client/server architecture with presentation components on client machines, application components on application servers, and database components on database servers. Business transactions are processed asynchronously with the online phase handling user interfaces and the posting phase updating the database.

    Original Title

    01_SAP System Architecture

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    SAP R/3 is an ERP software that handles key business functions like production planning, materials management, financial controlling, sales and distribution, and human resources. SAP Basis refers to the middleware components that run the underlying R/3 system. These include application servers that run SAP applications and database servers that store transactional data. R/3 uses a multi-tier client/server architecture with presentation components on client machines, application components on application servers, and database components on database servers. Business transactions are processed asynchronously with the online phase handling user interfaces and the posting phase updating the database.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    401 views56 pages

    01 - SAP System Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Dinbandhu Tripathi
    SAP R/3 is an ERP software that handles key business functions like production planning, materials management, financial controlling, sales and distribution, and human resources. SAP Basis refers to the middleware components that run the underlying R/3 system. These include application servers that run SAP applications and database servers that store transactional data. R/3 uses a multi-tier client/server architecture with presentation components on client machines, application components on application servers, and database components on database servers. Business transactions are processed asynchronously with the online phase handling user interfaces and the posting phase updating the database.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 56

    What Does SAP R/3 Do?

    Production Planning

    Materials Management

    Financial Controlling

    Sales & Distribution Human Resources

    BC010_01.1

    What is Basis?

    SAP R/3 Basis Software Is the Middleware of the R/3 System


    R/3 Basis Computing components (middleware)environment

    External

    UNIX

    Request for computing resources

    BC010_01.2

    What is Basis?

    The R/3 Basis System

    Materials Management Production Planning

    Finance and Controlling

    Sales and Distribution Human Resources

    SAP R/3 Basis Software Hardware and Operating System


    BC010_01.3 What is Basis?

    Logical Groupings or Layers of SAP R/3 Components


    The Presentation Layer
    Those SAP R/3 software components that specialise in interacting with end-users form the presentation layer.

    The Application Layer


    Those SAP R/3 software components that specialise in processing business applications form the application layer.

    The Database Layer


    Those SAP R/3 software components that specialise in the management , storage and retrieval of data form the database layer.
    BC010_01.4 What is Basis?

    Three-Tiered Client/Server Architecture Logical Layers


    Communication The Presentation Layer collects user input and creates process requests. The Application Layer uses the application logic of SAP programs to collect and process the process requests. The Database Layer stores and retrieves all data.

    BC010_01.5

    What is Basis?

    Physical Distribution of R/3s Logical Layers

    Presentation Layer components

    Application Layer components

    Database Layer components

    reside in:

    reside in:

    reside in:

    Presentation servers: Systems capable of providing a graphical interface. BC010_01.6

    Application servers: Specialised systems multiple CPUs and vast amounts of

    Database servers: Specialised systems with fast and large What is Basis?

    Client/Server Defined
    PC Software Program SAP Client/Server Software Presentation Layer

    Application Layer

    MS Excel Components

    Database Layer

    A
    BC010_01.7

    C
    What is Basis?

    Physical Distribution of R/3s Three Layered Client/Server Architecture


    Presentation Layer components are installed across many PCs.

    The Application Layer components are installed across one or more high-end servers. The Database Layer components are installed on one high-end database server.
    BC010_01.8 What is Basis?

    R/3s Client/Server Configurations- Centralistic


    Centralistic

    Computer A

    Presentation Layer Application Layer


    BC010_01.9

    Database Layer
    What is Basis?

    R/3s Client/Server ConfigurationsDistributed Presentation


    Computer A Computer A-1 Computer A-2 Comput er A-n Presentation Layer Application Layer
    BC010_01.10

    Distributed Presentation

    Computer B

    Database Layer
    What is Basis?

    R/3s Client/Server ConfigurationsTwo-tier Client/Server


    Comput er A Comput er A-1 Comput er A-2 Comput er A-n Presentation Layer Application Layer
    BC010_01.11

    Two-tier Client/Server

    Computer B

    Database Layer
    What is Basis?

    R/3s Client/Server ConfigurationsThree-tier Client/Server


    Compute r A Compute r A Compute r A Compute r A

    Three-tier Client/Server
    Compute r B Compute r B Compute r B Comput er C

    Presentation Layer Application Layer


    BC010_01.12

    Database Layer
    What is Basis?

    R/3s Client/Server Configurations- Multi-Tier, Cooperative Client/Server


    Compute r A Compute r A-1 Compute r A-2 Compute r A-n

    Multi-tier, cooperative Client/Server


    Compute r B Compute r B-1 Compute r B-n

    Comput er C Comput er C-n

    Presentation Layer Application Layer


    BC010_01.13

    Database Layer
    What is Basis?

    R/3s Client/Server Configurations- Multi-Tier, Cooperative Client/Server - ALE


    Computer A Computer A-1 Computer A-2 Computer A-n Computer B-1 Computer B-1

    Compute r C Compute r C-n

    Computer B-n

    Presentation Layer Application Layer


    BC010_01.14

    Database Layer
    What is Basis?

    SAPGUI: The Presentation Layer Software


    Example components of SAPGUI: SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP Business Graphics Hierarchy Graphics Pushbutton Graphics Statistical Graphics Gantt Chart Graphics HPGL Display Network Graphics Portfolio Graphics Bar Chart Graphics Structural Graphics

    Presentation Layer Software: SAPGUI


    BC010_01.15 What is Basis?

    Exchanging Data between the Presentation and Application Layers

    1 to 2 Kilobytes
    Easily achieved over a WAN

    Presentation Layer Software: SAPGUI


    BC010_01.16

    Application Layer Software: R/3 Runtime System


    What is Basis?

    Business Transactions
    Business Transaction FD02 Change customer information

    Screen 1

    Screen 2

    Complete transaction ?
    BC010_01.17 What is Basis?

    Business Transactions and the R/3 Runtime System

    Screen 2

    Screen 1

    R/3 Runtime System


    LOCK business object XYZ then, Prepare to ROLLBACK if necessary
    BC010_01.18 What is Basis?

    Processes

    A Process is essentially a program. Each process has memory and access to system resources.

    Process

    BC010_01.19

    What is Basis?

    Threads

    A Thread is the actual component of a process that is executing at one time. Each thread is capable of completing a different task that its process requests.

    Process

    Thread 1 Thread 2 Thread 3

    BC010_01.20

    What is Basis?

    The O/S Kernel


    Process

    Process

    Process

    OS Kernel CPU
    BC010_01.21 What is Basis?

    Work Processes and the Dispatcher


    SAP Diaolg Update Enqueue Spool Background

    SAP Dispatcher

    OS Kernel
    BC010_01.22

    CPU

    A component of the SAP Kernel called the Dispatcher must manage process access to the OS What is Basis?

    The R/3 Runtime System


    Dispatcher
    Dialog Update Spool Background

    Application Server A

    Dispatcher
    Dialog Update Spool Background

    Application Server B

    Dispatcher
    Dialog Update Enqueue Spool

    Application Layer on Background Database Server


    What is Basis?

    BC010_01.23

    Dispatcher

    USER 1

    USER 3

    Dispatcher

    USER 2
    BC010_01.24

    USER 4
    What is Basis?

    Work Processes

    Dialog

    Update

    Enqueue

    Spool

    Background or Batch

    BC010_01.25

    What is Basis?

    Dispatcher in Action
    Presentation level Various types of processing requests

    Application level

    Dispatcher

    Reque st queue s
    Batch

    Dialog

    Update

    Enqueue

    Spool

    BC010_01.26

    What is Basis?

    Inside the R/3 Runtime System


    Various types of processing requests

    Process Request User: Fred Jones Activity: Read data XYZ Screen: 1

    Dispatcher
    BC010_01.27

    Reques t queues
    What is Basis?

    The Code Behind R/3


    SAP R/3 Transactions are written in ABAP, SAPs 4th generation interpreted programming language.

    Dispatcher
    Dialog

    SAP R/3 Runtime System is written in ANSI-C

    Update Enqueue Spool Background or Batch

    BC010_01.28

    What is Basis?

    Inside the R/3 Runtime System


    Task Handler DYNPRO Processor ABAP Processor
    memory

    BC010_01.29

    Work Process

    What is Basis?

    Inside the R/3 Runtime System


    Various types of processing requests

    Process Request Read data XYZ or Write data XYZ Request queues
    What is Basis?

    Dispatcher
    BC010_01.30

    Reading Data in the R/3 System


    Transaction Screen 1
    Screen 1. I want to run a customer report for customer 00017.

    Screen 2

    Screen n.
    Screen 3. But only for product XYZ.

    BC010_01.31

    Screen 2. I only want to include data in my report that pertains to orders that were filled within the last 2

    What is Basis?

    Reading Data in the R/3 System


    Transaction Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen n.

    Process Process Process Request 1 Request 2 Request 3

    Dispatcher
    BC010_01.32

    Request queues

    What is Basis?

    Reading Data in the R/3 System


    Shared Memory Segments

    Dispatcher Reques t Queue s

    Transaction

    Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen n.

    R/3 Buffer s

    Process Requests

    Dialog

    Dialog

    Requested data retrieved from the R/3 Buffers

    memory

    AV
    BC010_01.33

    LE AB AIL

    memor y

    Y US B

    Y US B
    What is Basis?

    memory

    Task Handl er DYN P ABAP

    Task Handler DYNP ABAP

    Task Handler DYNP ABAP

    Dialog

    Reading Data in the R/3 System


    Dispatcher Extended Memory Manager
    Extended Memory
    What is Basis?

    R/3 Buffers
    Task Handl er DYNP

    Shared Memory Segments memory

    Request Queues

    The data retrieved for the last screen is stored in extended ABAP memory in an area The process request called the user for the next screen is context. LE copied down. B ILA A AV
    BC010_01.34

    Dialog

    SAP Logical Unit of Work

    SAP Logical Unit of Work (SAPLUW) Update Transaction Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen n.

    BC010_01.35

    What is Basis?

    Distribution of a Business Transaction Across Multiple WPs


    SAP Logical Unit of Work (SAPLUW) Update Transaction Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen n.
    Handled by: Handled by: Handled by:

    +
    Handled by:

    Dialog A

    Dialog B Dialog C

    Update

    BC010_01.36

    What is Basis?

    Asynchronous Updating: The Online Phase


    SAP Logical Unit of Work (SAPLUW) Update Transaction Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen n.
    Database Commit
    Dialog A

    +
    The Online Phase of an update ends here.

    Databa se Commit

    Database Commit
    Dialog C

    Dialog B

    Write

    Write

    Write

    VBLOG
    What is Basis?

    BC010_01.37

    Asynchronous Updating: The Posting (Update) Phase


    SAP Logical Unit of Work (SAPLUW) Update Transaction Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen n.
    Database Commit
    Dialog A

    Databas e Commit

    Database Commit
    Dialog C

    Dialog B

    Read

    Update

    The Posting Phase of an update starts here.


    BC010_01.38

    VBLOG
    What is Basis?

    VBLOG Records
    Dialog A

    VBLOG Posting RoutineData U1 Screen 1 of 3

    SAPLUW

    Dialog B

    Posting RoutineData U2 Screen 2 of 3

    Dialog C

    Posting RoutineData U2 Screen 3 of 3


    What is Basis?

    BC010_01.39

    Errors during Posting (Update) Phase

    BC010_01.40

    What is Basis?

    Handling of Error Situations


    (U1 Termination)
    Update
    Dialog A Posting Routine Data

    VBLOG
    U1 Screen 1 of 3 ..ROLLBACK

    SAPLUW

    Dialog B Posting Routine Data U1 Screen 2 of 3

    ..ROLLBACK

    Dialog C Posting Routine Data U2 Screen 2 of 3 ..Ignored

    BC010_01.41

    What is Basis?

    Handling of Error Situations


    (U2 Termination)
    Update
    Dialog A Posting Routine Data

    VBLOG
    U1 Screen 1 of 3

    SAPLUW

    Dialog B Posting Routine Data U2 Screen 2 of 3

    Dialog C Posting Routine Data U2 Screen 2 of 3

    Continue

    BC010_01.42

    What is Basis?

    The Enqueue Work Process

    Dialog

    Lock Request
    Message Service Enqueue

    Lock Table

    BC010_01.43

    What is Basis?

    The Background Work Process

    Background

    Background Job A Step # 1 Step # 2


    Defining a background job.
    BC010_01.44 What is Basis?

    The Spool Work Process

    The Operating System spooler assumes the print queue management.

    Print

    O/S Spooler

    BC010_01.45

    What is Basis?

    A Service
    Service A Online Process A1 Process A2

    Requesting a particular function or service.

    BC010_01.46

    What is Basis?

    The Message Service

    Online

    Lock Request
    Enqueue

    Messag e Service

    Lock Table

    BC010_01.47

    What is Basis?

    The SAP Gateway Service

    Communication to an external R/3 System An external R/3 System


    SAP Gateway Service

    Gateway server

    BC010_01.48

    What is Basis?

    CPI-C API
    Work Process Work Process

    Example: Work process communication

    BC010_01.49

    What is Basis?

    Remote Function Calls

    Non SAP system

    Example: Communication with an external system


    BC010_01.50 What is Basis?

    EDI Architecture
    MM (Customer) Intermediate Document Type SD (Vendor) Intermediate Document

    EDI Subsystem

    EDI Subsystem

    Communication
    BC010_01.51 What is Basis?

    An SAP Instance
    SAP Instance Work Processes

    SAP Dispatcher Operatin g System TCP/IP Software

    BC010_01.52

    What is Basis?

    An SAP Central Instance


    SAP Central Instance Work Processes
    Enqueue Work Process

    Peripheral Instance A

    SAP Dispatcher Operatin g System TCP/IP Softwar e

    Message Service

    Peripheral Instance B

    BC010_01.53

    What is Basis?

    An SAP System
    SAP Instance
    Work Processes

    SAP Instance

    Work Processes

    SAP Dispatcher Operating System TCP/IP Software

    SAP Dispatcher Operating System TCP/IP Software

    Work Processes

    Enqueque Work Process

    DATABASE

    SAP Central Instance

    SAP Dispatcher
    Operati ng System TCP/IP Softwar e

    Message Service

    BC010_01.54

    What is Basis?

    SAP Servers
    SAP Server/ Instance 8 Dialog Work Processes 3 Background Work Processes 1 Spool Work Processes SAP Server/ Instance 3 Dialog Work Processes 8 Background Work Processes 1 Spool Work Processes
    BC010_01.55 What is Basis?

    The GTC Training System

    Database Louis Oracle

    Central Instance Instance LOC A Instance LOC B Louis 2 Dialog 2 Background 3 Update 1 Enqueue 1 Spool Msg Service Gateway Julio 8 Dialog 3 Background 1 Spool Clint 8 Dialog 3 Background 1 Spool

    BC010_01.56

    What is Basis?

    You might also like