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    Chapter 1

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    Mobin
    This document provides an introduction to leadership. It discusses how leadership has become highly valued in society and organizations seek leaders to improve performance. The definitions of leadership have evolved over time from a focus on traits to viewing it as a process involving influence over a group to achieve goals. Leadership can be assigned based on a position or emerge based on influential behaviors. While related, leadership differs from management in focusing on producing change rather than order. Power is an important part of leadership but should not involve coercion.

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    Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Mobin
    26 views21 pages
    This document provides an introduction to leadership. It discusses how leadership has become highly valued in society and organizations seek leaders to improve performance. The definitions of leadership have evolved over time from a focus on traits to viewing it as a process involving influence over a group to achieve goals. Leadership can be assigned based on a position or emerge based on influential behaviors. While related, leadership differs from management in focusing on producing change rather than order. Power is an important part of leadership but should not involve coercion.

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    This document provides an introduction to leadership. It discusses how leadership has become highly valued in society and organizations seek leaders to improve performance. The definitions of leadership have evolved over time from a focus on traits to viewing it as a process involving influence over a group to achieve goals. Leadership can be assigned based on a position or emerge based on influential behaviors. While related, leadership differs from management in focusing on producing change rather than order. Power is an important part of leadership but should not involve coercion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    26 views21 pages

    Chapter 1

    Uploaded by

    Mobin
    This document provides an introduction to leadership. It discusses how leadership has become highly valued in society and organizations seek leaders to improve performance. The definitions of leadership have evolved over time from a focus on traits to viewing it as a process involving influence over a group to achieve goals. Leadership can be assigned based on a position or emerge based on influential behaviors. While related, leadership differs from management in focusing on producing change rather than order. Power is an important part of leadership but should not involve coercion.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    LEADERSHIP

    NORTHOUSE
    Introduction
    Chapter 1
    Introduction
    Leadership is a highly sought-after and highly valued commodity. In the 20 years since the
    first edition of this book was published, the public has become increasingly captivated by
    the idea of leadership. People continue to ask themselves and others what makes good
    leaders. As individuals, they seek more information on how to become effective leaders. As
    a result, bookstore shelves are filled with popular books about leaders and advice on how to
    be a leader. Many people believe that leadership is a way to improve their personal, social,
    and professional lives. Corporations seek those with leadership ability because they believe
    they bring special assets to their organizations and, ultimately, improve the bottom line.
    Academic institutions throughout the country have responded by providing programs in
    leadership studies.
    The Evolution of Leadership Definitions
    ►1900–1929--Control and centralization of power
    ►1930s--Trait approach
    ►1940s--Group approach
    ►1950s--Group theory, shared goals, and effectiveness
    ►1960s--Leadership as behavior
    ►1970s--Organizational behavior
    The Evolution of Leadership Definitions
    ►1980s--Explosion of research
    - Leader’s will
    - Influence
    - Traits
    - Transformation
    ►21st century--The process of leadership
    - Authentic leadership
    - Spiritual leadership
    - Servant leadership
    - Adaptive leadership
    - Followership
    - Discursive leadership
    Conceptualizing Leadership
    Some definitions view leadership as:
    ►The focus of group processes
    ►A personality perspective
    ►An act or behavior
    ►The power relationship between leaders and followers
    ►A transformational process
    ►A skills perspective
    Leadership Defined
    Leadership
    is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to
    achieve a common goal.
    Components Central to the Phenomenon of
    Leadership
    Leadership Leaders
    ►Is a process ► And followers are involved
    ►Involves influence together
    ►Occurs within a group ► And followers need each other
    context
    ► Often initiate and maintain the
    ►Attends to common goals relationship
    ► Are not above or better than
    followers
    Leadership Described

    ⯍ Trait Versus Process Leadership

    ► Assigned Versus Emergent Leadership

    ⯍ Leadership and Power

    ⯍ Leadership and Coercion

    ⯍ Leadership and Management


    Trait Versus Process Leadership

    ►Leadership is a property or set of properties possessed in varying


    degrees by different people (Jago, 1982).
    ►Observed in leadership behaviors
    ►Can be learned
    Assigned Versus Emergent Leadership

    Assigned Emergent
    ►Leadership based on An individual perceived by others as the most
    influential member of a group or
    occupying a position within organization regardless of the individual’s
    an organization title

    ► Team leaders ► Emerges over time through


    communication behaviors
    ► Plant managers ► Verbal involvement

    ► Department heads ► Being informed


    ► Seeking others’ opinions
    ► Directors
    ► Being firm but not rigid

    ► Affected by personality and gender


    Leadership and Power
    Bases of Social Power
    Power French and Raven (1959); Raven (1965)

    ►The capacity or potential


    ►Referent
    to influence
    ► Expert
    ►Ability to affect others’
    beliefs, attitudes, and ►Legitimate
    actions ► Reward
    ► Coercive
    ►Information
    Power is a relational concern for both leaders
    and followers.
    Leadership and Power
    Leadership and Power
    ► Position Power ►Personal Power is
    derived from office or influence derived from
    rank in an being seen as likable and
    organization knowledgeable
    Shift in Leadership Power, Kellerman (2012)
    ► Power no longer the domain of leaders
    ► Followers demand more from leaders
    ► Access to technology has empowered followers
    ► Leaders more transparent
    ► Decline in respect for leaders
    ► Leadership as social contract between leaders and followers
    Leadership and Coercion
    Coercion Involves Examples of Coercive Leaders
    ► Use of force to effect change
    ► Influencing others to do something by ► Adolf Hitler
    manipulating rewards and penalties in the ► Jim Jones
    work environment
    ► Use of threats, punishments, and negative ► Taliban leaders
    rewards
    Power and restraint used to force
    followers to
    engage in extreme
    behavior
    Leadership and Management, Kotter (1990)
    Management Activities Leadership Activities
    “Produces order and consistency” “Produces change and movement”

    ⯍ Planning and Budgeting


    ⯍ Establishing direction
    ⯍ Organizing and Staffing
    ⯍ Aligning people
    ⯍ Controlling and Problem Solving
    ⯍ Motivating/inspiring

    Major activities of management and leadership are played out differently;


    BUT, both are essential for an organization to prosper.
    Leadership and Management, Zaleznik (1977)
    Managers Unidirectional Leaders Multidirectional
    Authority Influence
    ⯍ Are reactive ⯍ Are emotionally active and
    involved
    ⯍ Prefer to work with
    people solving ⯍ Shape ideas over responding to
    them
    ⯍ Low emotional ⯍ Act to expand available options
    involvement
    ⯍ Change the way people think
    about what is possible
    CONCLUSION

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