What Is Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan?

WHAT IS SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN?
A programme with a clear time frame for universal elementary education.

b. A response to the demand for quality basic education all over the
country. c. An opportunity for promoting social justice through basic
education. d. An eff ort at eff ectively involving the Panchayati Raj
Institutions, School Management Committees, Village and Urban Slum
level Education Committees, Parents' Teachers' Associations, Mother
Teacher Associations, Tribal Autonomous Councils and other grass root
level structures in the management of elementary schools. e. An expression
of political will for universal elementary education across the country. f. A
partnership between the Central, State and the local government. g. An
opportunity for States to develop their own vision of elementary education
FRAMEWORK FOR
IMPLEMENTATION
(a) To allow States to formulate context specific
guidelines within the overall framework
(b) To encourage districts in States and UTs to reflect
local specificity
(c) To promote local need based planning based on
broad National Policy norms (d) To make planning a
realistic exercise by adopting broad national norms.
The objectives are expressed nationally though it is
expected that various districts and States are likely to
achieve universalisation in their own respective
contexts and in 3 their own time frame. 2010 is the
outer limit for such achievements. The emphasis is
on mainstreaming out-of-school children through
diverse strategies, as far as possible, and on providing
eight years of schooling for all children in 6-14 age
group. The thrust is on bridging of gender and social
gaps and a total retention of all children in schools.
Within this framework it is expected that the
education system will be made relevant so that
children and parents find the schooling system
useful and absorbing, according to their natural and
social environment.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE
PARTNERSHIP IN SSA
 Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan takes note of the fact that provision
of elementary education is largely made by the government
and government aided schools. There are also private
unaided schools in many parts of the country that provide
elementary education. Poorer households are not able to
afford the fees charged in private schools in many parts of
the country. There are also private schools that charge
relatively modest fees and where poorer children are also
attending. Some of these schools are marked by poor
infrastructure and low paid teachers. Efforts will be made
to explore areas of public private partnership. Government,
Local Body, and government aided schools would be
covered under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, as is the practice
under the Mid Day Meal scheme and DPEP. In case private
sector wishes to improve the functioning of a government,
local body or a private aided school, efforts to develop a
partnership would be made within the broad parameters of
State policy in this regard. Depending on the State policies,
DIETs and other Government teacher-training institutes
could be used to provide resource support to private
unaided institutions, if the additional costs are to be met by
these private bodies.
Strengthening of the office of the District
Elementary Education Officer has also to be
undertaken in the preparatory phase
In order to adequately equip it to handle the
larger tasks during programme implementation.
Setting up of an effective information system has
therefore been highlighted, besides
procurement of essential office equipment and
computer hardware. More important than the
hardware component would be the need to
provide support for involving community
leaders at all levels and orienting existing
governmental functionaries in carrying out their
activities more effectively. An assessment of the
additional manpower needs has also to be made
during this period. It must be emphasized that
setting up of an effective MIS would require
contractual engagement of data analysts and
data entry personnel, as they are not available in
most non-DPEP districts. Similarly, the need for
experts on gender, children with disabilities,
other disadvantaged groups, civil works,
pedagogy and community mobilization and
planning will also have to be assessed in the
light of the specific State/ UT.
PROCEDURE FOR RELEASE OF
FUNDS
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is conceived as a long-
term partnership between the Central and the
State/UT Governments. The procedure for
release of funds incorporates this idea of a
partnership. Under the programme of Sarva
Shiksha Abhiyan, the districts will prepare
their proposals through a community owned
Pre-Project phase, broadly 31 based on the
Framework for Implementation. The State
level Implementation Society for Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan will forward these proposals to the
National Mission of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan for
release after appraisal by a joint team. The
Central Government will release the funds
directly to the State Implementation Society.
The State Governments have to give written
commitments regarding its contribution
towards the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
POWERS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF
GOVERNING COUNCIL
As per the notification No. F 2-4/2000-EE-3 dated 3.12.04, the
Council shall be the apex policy planning body for elementary
education in India. Within the budget provision approved by
Parliament, the Council shall have full autonomy for their
utilization. More specifically, the Governing Council would:
(i) Review the implementation progress of SSA in various
States;
(ii) Give overall policy guidance and direction regarding the
objectives for better implementation;
(iii) Give directions, as may be necessary, to the Executive
Committee;
(iv) Call for special reports on specific issues of
national/regional importance;
(v) Suggest for convergence between other programmes and
schemes of other Departments/Ministries that impact on
children’s education;
(vi) Help strengthen Centre-State partnership in
implementation of SSA;
(vii) Help strengthen the involvement of elected political
leadership, voluntary agencies and the private sector in the
Mission for achieving Universalization of Elementary
Education;
(viii) Provide guidance and directions to the Executive
Committee. (Ref GOI. Notification No.F2-2/2005-EE-3 dated
30-5-2005)
MAJOR CENTRAL INTERVENTIONS
AND THEIR INTEGRATION WITH SSA
 There have been several innovative schemes in the sector of
elementary education following the National Policy on Education
in 1986 such as Operation Blackboard, Teacher Education, Non
Formal Education, Mahila Samakhya, National Programme for
Nutritional Support for Primary Education, State Specific
Education Projects in Bihar, Rajasthan, UP and Andhra Pradesh
and DPEP in 248 districts of 18 45 States. It is proposed to
integrate these in the fold of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in the
following manner:
 (i) Operation Blackboard: Operation Blackboard aimed to
improve physical infrastructure of education whereby school space
was expanded and more teachers provided. However, Operation
Blackboard could not cover the entire spectrum of schools. The
SSA will qualitatively improve and expand the existing structure.
No fresh teacher recruitment will take place under OBB once SSA
programme is operationalized. Support for teachers' salaries
under OBB will; however, continue as per the OBB scheme where
teachers have already been appointed under that scheme, till the
end of the IX Plan. In NE States OBB Teachers’ salary was allowed
upto X Plan. Efforts to access funds for classrooms from
rural/urban employment schemes will continue to be made, even
though earmarking is no more applicable to these funds. The
scheme seized to exist with effect from 1.04.2002

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WHAT IS SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN?

A programme with a clear time frame for universal elementary education.

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