A MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

OF INFLECTIONAL AFFIX IN
SHORT STORY OF THE GOLDEN
TOUCH
Presented by: Ma. Clarisse G. Domagtoy
Ma. Romila s. Racho
ABSTRACT
This research aims at identifying the types of inflectional affixes in the Short Story entitled The
Golden Touch by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The technique of gathering data includes reading the story,
identifying and analyzing the content of the story. In this research, description and analysis of the
given language structure such as root words, affixes, part of speech or context are found in the short
story. The analysis reveals that there are words attached with inflectional affix found in the story.
Based on the analysis of data the findings show there are are 6 types of English inflectional affixes
exists in the short story namely (1) -s plural (2) -'s possessive (3) -est superlative (4) -ed past tense (5) -
ing progressive and (6) -en past participle. Therefore, the short story of The Golden Touch reveals
morphological structures which do not change the form class of the words to which they are attached.
The study suggested improving students and teachers mastery of the vocabulary. The readers should
be aware of how to apply inflectional affixes by breaking the word into its root, acquire meaning of the
inflected words, and build the word by themselves. Morphological awareness emerges as a significant
contributor to word recognition and comprehension skills.
 INTRODUCTION
The term ‘morphology’ takes its origin from ‘morph’ (means form, shape) and ‘-ology (means study of something). German
linguist August Schleicher named morphology as a sub-discipline of linguistics in 1859 for the first time (Kolanchery, 2015). In
linguistics, morphology is defined as the study of the internal structures of words and word formation processes (Carlisle,
Goodwin, & Naggy, 2013).

Morphemes are the minimal units of meaning or grammatical functions that are used to create new words (Oz, 2014). A
morpheme that can stand alone as a word is called free morpheme. A morpheme that must be attached to another
morpheme is called a bound morpheme. Some languages make use of infixes, which is a morpheme placed with another
morpheme to change the meaning of a word.

The term affix can be used to refer to prefixes, suffixes, and infixes as a group. This leads to the formation of complex and
compound words (Kolanchery & George, 2014) within the realm of morphological analysis, two classes of morphemes are
defined. The two classes are inflectional and derivational.

Inflectional morpheme indicates certain grammatical properties associated with nouns and verbs, such as gender, number,
case and tense. The inflectional morphemes are all suffixes. Kolanchery & George (2014) also added that, inflectional suffix
comes at the end of the word and no other suffix can be added to the world further. It does not change the part-of-speech
of the word like derivational affixes.
 THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
This research focuses on inflectional affixes in the Short Story of The Golden Touch by Nathaniel Hawthorne published in
Hawthorne’s A Wonder Book for Girls and Boys (1851). Inflections analyzed in The Golden Touch are in terms of morphological
inflectional affix. The morphological inflectional affix indicates grammatical meaning, such as tense or number.

This study assumption is supported by Realizational Morphology or "word-and-paradigm" (WP) was a theory first created by linguist,
Charles F. Hockett.WP morphology focuses on the whole of a word rather than morphemes or internal structure. This theory also denies
that morphemes are signs (form-content pairs). Instead, inflections are stem modifications which serve as exponents of morphological
feature sets.The theory takes paradigms as a central notion. Instead of stating rules to combine morphemes into word-forms, or to
generate word-forms from stems, word-based morphology states generalizations that hold between the forms of inflectional
paradigms. The major point behind this approach is that many such generalizations are hard to state with either of the other approaches.
The examples are usually drawn from fusional languages, where a given "piece" of a word, which a morpheme-based theory would call
an inflectional morpheme, corresponds to a combination of grammatical categories, for example, "third person plural".

Morpheme-based theories analyze such cases by associating a single morpheme with two categories. Item-and-Process theories,
on the other hand, often break down in cases like these, because they all too often assume that there will be two separate rules here,
one for third person, and the other for plural, but the distinction between them turns out to be artificial. Application of a pattern
different from the one that has been used historically can give rise to a new word, such as older replacing elder (where older follows the
normal pattern of adjectival comparatives) and cows replacing kine (where cows fits the regular pattern of plural formation).
DATA ANALYSIS
WORD ROOT INFLECTIONALMORPH PARTS OF SPEECH
EME/AFFIXES
days day -s plural noun
counting count -ing progressive verb
dreamed dream -ed past tense verb
richest rich -est superlative adjective
received receive -d past tense verb
directed direct -ed past tense verb
wanted want -ed past tense verb
granting grant -ing progressive verb
king’s king -’s possesive noun
cheated cheat -ed past tense verb
wishes wish -es plural verb
visions vision -s plural noun
insisted insist -ed past tense verb
granted grant -ed past tense verb
reached reach -ed tense verb
picked pick -ed tense verb
thrilled thrill -ed tense verb
richer rich -er comparative adjective
father’s father -‘s possesive noun
widen verb - en past participle verb
DISCUSSION
In the table presented in the Data Analysis it shows a summary of the 20
occurrences words attached with inflectional affixes in the short story the Golden
Touch. Based on the analysis of data the findings show there are are 6 types of English
inflectional affixes exists in the short story namely (1) -s plural (2) -'s possessive (3) -est
superlative (4) -ed past tense (5) -ing progressive and (6) -en past participle. Therefore,
the short story of The Golden Touch reveals morphological structures which do not
change the form class of the words to which they are attached.
CONCLUSION
Based on the data discussed and analyzed, the following generalization is
arrived at:

1. The short story of The Golden Touch by Nathaniel Hawthorne reveals the
different types of inflectional affixes in the content of the short story.
REFERENCES
What is Morphology by Mark Aronoff and Kirsten Fudeman
https://books.google.com.ph/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=bolGMMyZVjMC&oi=fnd&pg=PT5&dq=morphology+&ots=6FyVTEb-
rm&sig=xqJzd4JsXk0H1km3AHWb4OwRNgc&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=morphology&f=false

Morphology by Peter H. Matthews

https://books.google.com.ph/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=JGEAHLg1rmcC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=morphology+&ots=7KNUnVmnvN&sig=30jgzgaACL_RJCbheNP
6-tddTSY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=morphology&f=false

An Approach to Morphology
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1161&context=nels
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Neptune Mars
It’s the farthest planet Despite being red, Mars is
from the Sun actually a cold place

03 04 05
Jupiter Mercury Venus
Jupiter is the biggest It’s the closest planet to the Venus is the second
planet of them all Sun and the smallest one planet from the Sun
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Mercury
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It’s the closest
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Venus
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Venus is the second
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Mars
10%
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